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1、.Unit 3Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent 1. A: Do you want some grapes? B: No, thanks, I dont like them. 2. A: What do you think of Scotland? B: Ive never been there. 3. A: My sons called David. B: How old is she? 4. A: Can I book a table for tonight, pl
2、ease? B: Certainly. How many is it for? A: Therell be three of them. 5. A: Can you get some cornflakes? B: Do you want a large or small packet? A: A small one. 1. A: a. want b. grapesB: a. like b. them2. A: a think b. ScotlandB: a. been b. there3. A: a. call b. DavidB: a. old b. he4. A: a. book b. t
3、onightB: a. certainly b. manyA: a. three b. them5. A: a. get b. cornflakesB: a. large or small b. packetA: a. small b. onePart 2 Listening and Note-takingA TerritoryWhen we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space. Animals have their territories, which they mark out with their personal scent
4、. The scent is their territorial signal. Human beings have other territorial signals. There are three kinds of human territory, marked by different territorial signals.First, there are the Tribal Territories, which in modem terms are known as countries. Countries have a number of territorial signals
5、. The borders are often .guarded by soldiers and they usually have customs barriers, flags, and signs. Other signals of the tribal territory are uniforms and national anthems. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country and, while he is there, he
6、must behave like a visitor.Second, there is the Family Territory, at the center of which is the bedroom. This is usually as far away as possible from the front door. Between the bedroom and the front door are the spaces where visitors are allowed to enter. People behave differently when theyre in so
7、meone elses house. As soon as they come up the driveway or walk through the front door - the first signals of family territory - they are in an area which does not belong to them. They do not feel at home, because it is full of other peoples belongings - from the flowers in the garden to the chairs,
8、 tables, carpets, ornaments, and other things in the house. In the same way, when a family goes to the beach or to the park for a picnic, they mark out a small territory with towels, baskets, and other belongings; other families respect this, and try not to sit down right beside them.Finally, there
9、is the Personal Territory. In public places, people automatically mark out an area of personal space. If a man enters a waiting room and sits at one end of a row of chairs, it is possible to predict where the next man will sit. It wont be next to him or at the other end of the room, but halfway betw
10、een. In a crowded space like a train, we cant have much personal territory, so we stand looking straight in front of us with blank faces. We dont look at or talk to anyone around us.Exercise A: Listen to the passage and write down the missing words.1. When we talk about a territory, we mean a defend
11、ed space.2. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country.3. People behave differently when theyre in someone elses house.4. In public places, people automatically mark out an area of personal space.5. It wont be next to him or at the other end of t
12、he room, but halfway between.Exercise B:.A TerritoryI. Territory, a defended spaceA. Territory is marked by territorial signals. a. Animals mark out their territories with their personal scent, their territorial signals.b. Human beings have three kinds of human territory, marked by different territo
13、rial signals. II. Three kinds of human territory A. Tribal Territories or countries a. Countries have a number of territorial signals.1.The borders, guarded by soldiers, with customs barriers, flags, and signs2. Uniforms and national anthems.B. Family Territorya. Family Territory1. The front door.2.
14、 The driveway.b. When a family goes to the beach or to the park for a picnic, they mark out a small territory with towels, baskets, and other belongingsC. Personal Territorya. In public places people automatically mark out an area personal space.b. In a crowded space, we stand looking straight in fr
15、ont of us with blank faces.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Credit CardI recently touring around America found there was a chap I was with . He . we were booked in by an American organization into a hotel, paid for by them, but they would not let him go through the lobby
16、 to his room unless they had a credit card number to prove that he was a human being that was trustworthy. (Right, right.) In other words weve got to the stage now with credit cards, however friendly you look, however wealthy you look, or however nice you look . (Thats right, it doesnt matter, they
17、just want to see that number.) Excuse me, where is your credit card?Because you know you cant rent a major automobile in the States, you know, you cant rent without, without using a credit card, you cant, you know like you were saying, go into a hotel .I think that whats underneath that is the socie
18、ty in which youre only good if you have numbers attached to you, (Mm.) that are computerized, (Yeah.) and can trace you, and everybodys insured against everybody else (Yeah.) and . that side of credit .I find rather upsetting. Its kind of ugly, isnt it? Like a lot of people, its a great facility, if
19、 youre disciplined with it.Key: 1. D 2. D 3. CDialogue 2 Card Insurances Ill tell you about one awful experience that happened to me, erm, I took out, erm . one of these card insurances that cover all your cards (Mm.) should your cards be stolen and I had my handbag snatched* in a store and immediat
20、ely got the store security, who were very quick, got me into their office and we phoned all of the credit cards that I had on me, within ten minutes. Which is what they tell you to do?Yeah. When, I suppose by the time wed got to all of them it about half an after the bag had been snatched. Got up to
21、 the top floor of the office, started ringing round, and the whole thing was done within half an hour. Erm, when the bag was snatched it went through apparently a chain of people, out of the store, and it went two miles away and they managed to . three different people had spent over 2,000 on four o
22、f my cards .But youre only liable* for the first 50.I wasnt liable for any of it. Because thank goodness I had this insurance.None of it. Yeah.But .Touch wood* quick. That was . .Theyd spent it within twenty minutes of stealing.Thats incredible, isnt it?And the thing that absolutely horrified me was
23、 I was close to limits on two of the cards, the ones that I do clear every month (Mm mm.) I was close to the limit Im allowed on those, and they, both of those cards they went into banks, said they were me, and got (No!) well over what the top limit would have been.Really! Well it just goes to show,
24、 you could walk into a bank and get more than you could possibly ever pay off*!I couldnt probably, because I go in, and they say, “No, youve spent it all already!”Right, right.Key: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. F 8.TPart 2 Passage Credit CardsThe system of bank credit cards operates in much the s
25、ame way as a store credit account except that the holder is not restricted to making purchases in one place.Cards can be presented at any place where the bank card sign is displayed, and that could be at a shop, a service station, a hotel, a restaurant or in fact at all kinds of .businesses.The sale
26、s assistant imprints the card details onto a sales voucher* which the customer signs, and the card is then returned to the customer. Each month the bank sends the holder a credit card statement setting out where purchases were made and totalling what is owing. A payment has to be made within 25 days
27、 of the date of the statement, but not necessarily the full amount. If the customer pays in full within this time the use of the card does not cost anything. But if he decides to pay only the minimum repayment shown on the statement -5 or 5% of the outstanding* balance*, which- ever is the greater -
28、 he automatically chooses to use the systems extended repayment facility. The remaining balance is then carried forward and attracts interest at the rate of 2.25% per month.Bank credit cards are more versatile than store credit accounts in that they also enable people to obtain cash. Any bank displa
29、ying the bank card sign will arrange a cash advance* for a card holder, whether or not be is one of their own customers. For money drawn in this way the bank makes a charge at the rate of 2.25% a month calculated daily from the day the advance is obtained. Details of cash advances appear on the mont
30、hly bank card statement.The bank credit card system operates entirely separately from cheque accounts but nevertheless it is a customers previous relationship with his bank that is used as a guide to the amount of credit he will be extended. When a card is issued a personal credit limit is imposed i
31、ndicating the maximum that can be owing at any one time. This is confidential* between customer and bank and does not appear on the card.Exercise A: The system of bank credit cards operates in much the same way as a store credit account except that the holder is not restricted to making purchases in
32、 one place. Bank credit cards can be presented at any place where the bank card sign is displayed and in fact at all kinds of businesses. Bank credit cards also enable people to obtain cash.Exercise B:1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. BExercise C:1. Where can bank credit cards be presented?Bank
33、credit cards can be presented at any place where the bank card sign is displayed, e.g. at a shop, a service station, a hotel, a restaurant, etc.2. What does the bank send the holder each month?Each month the bank sends the holder a credit card statement setting out where purchases were made and tota
34、lling what is owing.3. When the holder has received the credit card statement, what are the choices he has on hand?The customer can pay in full within 25 days of the date of the statement or he can pay only the minimum repayment shown on the statement.4. Why are bank credit cards more versatile than
35、 store credit accounts?Because they also enable people to obtain cash.5. What is imposed indicating the maximum that can be owing at any one time when a card is issued?.When a card is issued a personal credit limit is imposed indicating the maximum that can be owing at any one time.Part 3 NewsNews I
36、tem 1Thousands of public workers have begun to demonstrate violently against a retirement reform plan passed by Brazilian lawmakers Wednesday. Demonstrators clashed with riot police in front of Congress after the chamber of deputies approved the measure. Brazilian media reports say at least 60 peopl
37、e were injured. Some demonstrators said the president had betrayed them by seeking approval of the measure in Congress. The measure is designed to cut retirement assistance, raise the retirement age of public workers and tax their retirement money. The government says the changes are necessary to sa
38、ve the government thousands of millions of dollars.Exercise A:This news item is about public workers reaction to a retirement reform plan passed by Brazilian lawmakers.Exercise B:Thousands of public workers have begun to demonstrate violently against a retirement reform plan passed by Brazilian lawm
39、akers Wednesday. Demonstrators clashed with riot police in front of Congress after the chamber of deputies approved the measure.Some demonstrators said the president had betrayed them by seeking approval of the measure in Congress. The measure is designed to cut retirement assistance, raise the reti
40、rement age of public workers and tax their retirement money.News Item 2According to a report to Congress, more than 4.5 million students endure sexual misconduct* by employees at their schools, from inappropriate jokes all the way to forced sex.The best estimate available shows nearly one in l0 kids
41、 faces misbehaviour ranging from unprofessional to criminal sometime between kindergarten and 12th grade.The report, delivered to Congress on Wednesday, is the first to analyze research about sexual misconduct at schools.Some educators took issue with the way the report combines sexual abuse with ot
42、her behaviours such as inappropriate jokes, in one broad category of sexual misconduct.Exercise A:This news item is about prevalent sexual misconduct endured by students according to a report to Congress.Exercise B:1.B 2. D 3. C 4. ANews Item 3.The recession and the prospect of another strike in Hol
43、lywood could combine to make it a miserable New Year for the entertainment business. The global credit crunch is making it much more difficult for studios to get funding for big budget pictures. High earning actors are being asked to lower their expectations and accept more modest salaries. The Scre
44、en Actors Guild has said it will ballot its 120,000 members on a possible strike, although it needs a 75 per vote in favor before a walkout can be authorized by the unions leaders. The mood of many is that now is not the time to rock the boat and that the fight over payments for work on the internet
45、 should wait until a later date.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the impact of recession on Hollywood.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. FSection Three
46、 Oral Work RetellingTen-year-old Anja Lea did not want to wash the dishes. She and her mother were arguing. The mother was threatening her and bribing her. I asked Anja Lea how much she felt understood by her mother about why she did not want to do the washing up. Here is a copy of our dialogue.“Oka
47、y, so Mom wants you to do the dishes and you dont want to. Plus Mom said she isnt going to take you to school until you do them? Is that right so far?”“Yes.”“Okay, so you are probable feeling forced?”“Yes.”“And threatened?”“Yes.”“Okay. And how much do you feel understood by your mom? From 010?”“Zero!”I then asked Anja Lea to explain why she didnt want to do the dishes. The more she talked and the more I listened, the more she felt understood. Somewhere along the way, she started washing the dishes without any more arguments or pro