单片机技术智能充电器设计方案.pdf

《单片机技术智能充电器设计方案.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《单片机技术智能充电器设计方案.pdf（31页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、 /31 系名称 电气工程系专业及班级技师机电 084 学生姓名代晓南学 号 087610441 毕业实践题目：基于 51 系列的电子智能充电器设计指 导 老 师签字）：教研室主任 签字）：系主任216.2.2 程序调试216.3 系统调试 226.4 现场调试 226.4.1 标准条件下的电气特性、实验及判定226.4.2 电气性能、实验方法和判定规则236.4.3 荷电保持能力246.4.4 电池安全性能24总结 26参考文献27附录 1：28附录 2：28文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z

2、4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ

3、7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z

4、4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ

5、7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z

6、4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ

7、7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z

8、4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J70/31 第一章概述1.1 单片机技术的特点及应用随着大规模和超大规模集成电路技术的发展和计算机微型化的需要，将微型计算机的基本部件：中央处理器CPU）、存储器、输入/输出I/O）接口、定时器/计数器等多种资源集成在一个半导体芯片上，使得一块集成电力芯片就能构成一个完整的微型计算机。这种集成电路芯片被称为单片微型计算机Single Chip Microcomuper），简称单片机。单片机在结构设计上，他的软、硬件系统及 I/O 接口控制能力等方面都有独到之处，具有较强而有效的功能。从其组成

9、、逻辑功能上来看，单片机具备了微型计算机系统的基本部件。目前，8 位高档机和 16位机在单片机应用中占主导地位，产品众多，已有几十个系列、几百个型号，除了通用单片机以外，集成更多资源，如A/D 转换器、D/A转换器、“看门狗”Watchdog）电路、LCD控制器、网路控制模块等，将单片机嵌入式系统和Intenet连接起来已是一种趋势。还有专用单片机产品，如专门用于数据处理图像和语言处理等）的单片机。总之，单片机正在向微型化、低功耗、高速、集成、高集成度、多资源、网络化、专用型方向发展。1.1.1 单片机的特点：单片机在一块芯片上集成了一台微型计算机所需要的基本部件。它在硬件结构、指令功能等方面

10、均有独到之处，其特点如下：性价比高。单片机性能稳定，功能强大，价格便宜。体积小，集成度高、可靠性高。单片机将一台计算机所需要的基本部件集成在一块芯片上，减少了各部件间的连线，能大大地提高运行速度和抗干扰能力。控制功能强。为了，满足工业控制的需要，单片机有很强的位处理功能。在其他的逻辑控制功能等方面，也都优于一般的8 位微处理。单片机系统配置灵活、方便。由于单片机带有一定数量的接口电路，容易文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1

11、L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码

12、:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1

13、L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码

14、:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1

15、L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码

16、:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1

17、L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J71/31 构成各种规模的应用系统。单片机类型多。单从ROM 类型来说，单片机的只读存储器有ROM、EPROM、EEPROM、Flash Memory 等多种，可以根据实际需要进行选择。1.1.2 单片机的应用：由于单片机具有如上所述的特点，因此在工业生产、日常生活等诸多领域，得到了日益广泛的应用，单片机的主要应用领域有：工业控制，如在工业生产过程中参数 如温度、压力、流量、液位等）的控制，数据处理功能于一体，如转速测试仪、噪声测试仪、振动测试仪及电子秤等。计算机网络与通信，单片机上有并行I/O 接口角儿串联 I/0 接口，可用于通信接口，如单片机控制的自动呼叫应

18、答系统、列车无线通信系统、遥测遥控系统等。家用电器，由于单片机体积小，控制能力强，且片内与定时器/计数器，所以广泛应用于家用设备中。如空调、洗衣机、微波炉及防盗报警等。本设计是单片机在智能充电方面的应用。1.2 单片机实现充电器功能的意义由于充电器多采用大电流的快速充电法，在电池充满后如果不及时停止会使电池发烫，过度的充电会严重损害电池的寿命。一些低成本的充电器采用电压比较法，为了防止过充，一般充电到90%就停止大电流快充，而采用小电流涓流补充充电。手机电池的使用寿命和单次使用时间与充电过程密切相关。锂电池是手机最为常用的一种电池，它具有较高的能量重量比、能量体积比，具有记忆效应，可重复充电多

19、次，使用寿命较长，价格也越来越低。锂电池对于充电器的要求比较苛刻，需要保护电路。为了有效利用电池容量，需将锂电池充电至最大电压，但是过压充电会造成电池损坏，这就要求较高的控制精度。另外，对于电压过低的电池需要进行预充，充电器最好带有热保护和时间保护，为电池提供附加保护。一部分的充电器不但能在很短时间内将电量充足，而且还可以对电池起到一定的维护作用，修复由于使用不当造成的记忆效应，即容量下降电池活性衰退）现象。设计比较科学的充电器往往采用专用充电控制芯片配合单片机控制文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L

20、5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:

21、CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L

22、5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:

23、CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L

24、5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:

25、CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L

26、5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J72/31 的方式。专用的充电芯片具有业界公认较好的-v 检测，可以检测出电池充电饱和时发出的电压变化信号，比较精确地结束充电工作，通过单片机对这些芯片的控制，可以实现充电过程的智能化，例如，在充电后增加及时关段电源、蜂鸣报警和液晶显示等功能。充电器的智能化可以缩短充电的时间，同时能够维护电池，延长电池使用寿命。51 系列单片机也是当前使用最为广泛的8 位单片机系列，其丰富的开发资源和较低的开发成本，使51 系列单片机现在以至将来都仍会有强大的生命力。在众多的 51 系列单片机中，AT8

27、9系列单片机在我国得到了极其广泛的应用，AT89系列单片机是美国Atmel 公司的 8 位机产品。他的特点是片内含有Flash Memory，Flash Memory 是一种电可摩除和电写入的闪速存储器，在系列的开发过程中可以很容易地进行程序修改，使开发调试更为方便。随着社会的不断发展，人们使用各种家电设备、仪表以及工业生产中的数据采集与控制设备也在逐步走向智能化，所以充电器有它的巨大发展空间，同时电子产品的不断更新，51单片机在实现手机电池充电器方面的应用就更有意义。为了完成智能充电器的设计，我将进行以下工作：1.分析充电的实现和智能化的实现方法，选择合适的充电电池芯片。2.进行硬件电路的设

28、计，绘制充电电路原理图。3.进行软件设计，设计程序代码。4.调试硬件和软件电路，验证整个设计。文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z

29、4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N

30、2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z

31、4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N

32、2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z

33、4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N

34、2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J73/31 第二章充电技术2.1 锂离子电池的特点锂离子电池的正极材料通常有锂的活性化合物组成，负极则是特殊分子结构的碳。常见的正极材料主要成分为LiCo02，充电时，加在电池两级的电势迫使正极化合物释出锂离子，嵌入负极分子排列呈片层结构的碳中。放电时，锂离子则从片层

35、结构的碳中析出，重新和正极的化合物结合。锂离子的移动产生了电流。化学反应原理虽然很简单，然而在实际的工业生产中，需要考虑的实际问题要多得多：正极的材料需要添加剂来保持多次充放的活性，负极的材料需要在分子结构级去设计以容纳更多的锂离子；填充在正负级之间的电解液，除了保持稳定，还需要具有良好导电性，减小电池内阻。虽然锂离子电池很少有镍镉电池的记忆效应，记忆效应的原理是结晶化，在锂电池中几乎不会产生这种反应。但是，锂离子电池在多次充放后容量仍然会下降，其原因是复杂多样的。主要是正负极材料本身的变化，从分子层里来看，正负极上容纳锂离子的空穴结构会逐渐塌陷，堵塞；从化学角度来看，是正负极材料活性钝化，出

36、现副反应生成稳定的其他化合物。物理上还会出现正极材料逐渐剥落等情况，总之最终降低了电池中可以自由在充放电过程中移动的锂离子数目。过度充电和过度放电，将对锂离子电池的正负极造成永久的损坏，从分子层面看，可以直观的理解，过度放电将导致负极碳过度释放出锂离子而使得其片层结构出现塌陷，过度充电将把太多的锂离子硬塞进负极碳结构里去，而使得其中一些锂离子再也无法释放出来。这也是锂离子电池为什么通常配有充放文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4

37、H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档

38、编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4

39、H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档

40、编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4

41、H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档

42、编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4

43、H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J74/31 电的控制电路的原因。锂离子电池一般都带有管理芯片和充电控制芯片。其中管理芯片中有一系列的寄存器，存有容量、温度、ID、充电状态、放电次数等数值。这些数值在使用中会逐渐变化。充电控制芯片主要控制电池的充电过程。锂离子电池的充电过程分为两个阶段，恒流快充阶段 电池指示灯呈黄色时）和恒压电流递减阶段电池指示灯呈绿色闪烁。恒流快充阶段，电池电压逐步升高到电池的标准电压，随后在控制芯片下转入恒压阶段，电压不再升高以确保不会过充，电流则随着电池电量的上升逐步减弱到 0，而最终完成充电。电量统计芯片通过记录放电曲线现象。设计比较科学的充电器往往采用专用充电控制芯

44、片配合单片机控制的方法。专用的充电芯片具备业界公认较好的-v 检测，可以检测出电池充电饱和时发出的电压变化信号，比较精确地结束充电工作，通过单片机对这些芯片的控制，可以实现充电过程的智能化，例如，在充电后增加及时关断电源、蜂鸣报警和液晶显示等功能。充电器的智能化可以缩短充电的时间，同时能够维护电池，延长电池使用寿命。3.2 电池充电芯片的选择3.2.1 如何选择电池充电芯片目前市场上存在大量的电池充电芯片，它们可直接用于进行充电器的设计。在选择具体的电池充电芯片时，需要参考以下标准。电池类型：不同的电池(锂电池、镍氢电池、镍镉电池等需选择不同的充电芯片。电池数目：可充电池的数目。电流值：充电电

45、流的大小决定了充电时间。充电方式：是快充、慢充还是可控充电过程。本设计要实现的是手机的单节锂离子电池充电器，要求充电快速且具有优良的电池保护能力，据此选择Maxim公司的 MAXl898作为电池充电芯片。文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1

46、J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 H

47、J4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1

48、J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 H

49、J4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1

50、J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 HJ4C4H1L5Z4 ZY7N2G2A1J7文档编码:CZ7E8R2Z4K6 H