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1、i/33 本科学生学年论文2018 年 6 月 23 日论文题目：基于单片机的数字温度计设计学院：电子工程学院年级：专业：姓名：学号：指导教师：I/33 摘要随着国民经济的发展，人们需要对各中加热炉、热处理炉、反应炉和锅炉中温度进行监测和控制。采用单片机来对他们控制不仅具有控制方便，简单和灵活性大等优点，而且可以大幅度提高被控温度的技术指标，从而能够大大的提高产品的质量和数量。我们采用美国DALLAS半导体公司继DS18B20 之后推出的一种改进型智能温度传感器 DS18B20 作为检测元件，温度范围为-55125 o C,最高分辨率可达0.0625 o C。DS18B20 可以直接读出北侧温
2、度值，而且采用三线制与单片机相连，减少了外部的硬件电路，具有低成本和易使用的特点。本文介绍一种基于AT89C52 单片机的一种温度测量,该电路采用DS18B20 作为温度监测元件，测量范围0-+100，使用 LED 模块显示。正文着重给出了软硬件系统的各部分电路，介绍了集成温度传感器DS18B20 的原理，AT89C52单片机功能和应用。该电路设计新颖、功能强大、结构简单。关键词温度测量；DS18B20；AT89C52 文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:C
3、L6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP
4、4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6
5、J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码
6、:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2
7、HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 Z
8、G6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档
9、编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5II/33 Abstract Along with national economy development,the people need to each heating furnace、the heat-treatment furnace、in the reactor and the boiler the temperature carry on the monitor and the control.Not only uses t
10、he monolithic integrated circuit to come to them to control has the control to be convenient,simple and flexibility big and so on merits,moreover may enhance large scale is accused the temperature technical specification,thus can big enhance the product the quality and quantity.We use the United Sta
11、tes following DALLAS Semiconductor DS1820 improved after the introduction of a smart temperature sensor DS18B20 as the detection element,a temperature range of-55 125 o C,up to a maximum resolution of 0.0625 o C.DS18B20 can be directly read out the temperature on the north side,and three-wire system
12、 with single-chip connected to a decrease of the external hardware circuit,with low-cost and easy use.The introduction of a cost-based AT89C52 MCU a temperatur measurement circuits,the circuits used DS18B20 high-precision temperatur sensor,measuring scope 0-+100,the use of seven segments LED that ca
13、n be display the current temperature.The paper focuses on providing a software and hardware system components circuit,introduced the theory of DS18B20,the founctions and applications of AT89C52.This circuit design innovative,powerful,can be expansionary strong.Key words Temperatur measurement。DS18B2
14、0。AT89C52 文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编
15、码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2
16、 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5
17、ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文
18、档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7
19、Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I
20、5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5i/33 目录摘要 IAbstractII第一章前言 11.1 背景及研究意义 11.2 国内外现状 1第二章开发工具 Proteus与 Keil.32.1 Proteus软件 32.1.1 Proteus简介 32.1.2 4大功能模块 42
21、.1.3 ISIS智能原理图输入系统52.2 Keil 软件 62.2.1 Keil 软件简介 62.2.2 Keil 软件调试功能 6第三章系统概述 83.1 设计方案 83.2 系统设计原理 83.3 系统组成 83.3.1 主控制器 93.3.2 显示电路 93.3.3 温度传感器 93.4 DS18B20温度传感器与单片机的接口电路10第四章系统硬件设计114.1 80C51单片机简介 114.1.1 80C51单片机主要特性 114.1.2 80C51单片机的中断系统124.1.3 80C51单片机的定时/计数器 12文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J
22、10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:
23、CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 H
24、P4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG
25、6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编
26、码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2
27、 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5
28、ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5ii/33 4.2 LCD 液晶显示器简介 134.2.1液晶模块简介 134.2.2液晶显示部分与89C51的接口 144.3 DS18B20介绍 144.3.1 温度传感器的工作原理154.3.2 DS18B20相关介绍 154.3.3 DS18B20使用中的注意事项17第五章系统软件设计185.1 主程序设计 185.2
29、数据测试 195.3 软件仿真 19结论 21参考文献 22附录 23致谢 27文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7
30、Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I
31、5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y
32、5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4
33、N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H
34、3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G
35、8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y51/33 第一章 前言1.1 背景及研究意义随着新技术的不断开发与应用，近年来单片机发展十分迅速，一个以微机应用为主的新技术革命浪潮正在蓬勃兴起，单片机的应用已经渗透到电力、冶金、化工
36、、建材、机械、食品、石油等各个行业。传统的温度采集方法不仅费时费力，而且精度差，单片机的出现使得温度的采集和数据处理问题能够得到很好的解决。温度是工业对象中的一个重要的被控参数。然而所采用的测温元件和测量方法也不相同；产品的工艺不同，控制温度的精度也不相同。因此对数据采集的精度和采用的控制方法也不相同。传统的控制方式以不能满足高精度，高速度的控制要求，如温度控制表温度接触器，其主要缺点是温度波动范围大，由于他主要通过控制接触器的通断时间比例来达到改变加热功率的目的，受仪表本身误差和交流接触器的寿命限制，通断频率很低。近几年来快速发展了多种先进的温度控制方式，如：PID 控制，模糊控制，神经网络
37、及遗传算法控制等。这些控制技术大大的提高了控制精度，不但使控制变得简便，而且使产品的质量更好，降低了产品的成本，提高了生产效率。本系统所使用的加热器件是电炉丝，功率为三千瓦，要求温度在4001000。静态控制精度为2.43。本设计使用单片机作为核心进行控制。单片机具有集成度高，通用性好，功能强，特别是体积小，重量轻，耗能低，可靠性高，抗干扰能力强和使用方便等独特优点，在数字、智能化方面有广泛的用途。1.2 国内外现状温度控制系统在国内各行各业的应用虽然已经十分广泛，但从国内生产的温度控制器来讲，总体发展水平仍然不高，同日本、美国、德国等先进国家相比，仍然有着较大的差距。成熟的温控产品主要以“点
38、位”控制及常规的PID 控制器为主，它们只能适应一般温度系统控制，而用于较高控制场合的智能化、自适应控制仪表，国内技术还不十分成熟，形成商品化并广泛应用的控制仪表较少。随着我国经济的发展及加入WTO，我国政府及企业对此都非常重视，对相关企业资源进行了重组，相继建立了一些国家、企业的研发中心，开展创新性研究，使我国仪表工业得到了迅速的发展。单片机是指一个集成在一块芯片上的完整计算机系统。尽管他的大部分功能集成文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N
39、7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3
40、I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8
41、Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M
42、4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6
43、H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4
44、G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U
45、9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y52/33 在一块小芯片上，但是它具有一个完整计算机所需要的大部分部件：CPU、内存、内部和外部总线系统，目前大部分还会具有外存。同时集成诸如通讯接口、定时器，实时时钟等外围设备。而现在最强大的单片机系统甚至可以将声音、图像、网络、复杂的输入输出系统集成在一块芯片上。单片机也被称为微控制器Microcontroller），是因为它最早被用在工业控制领域。单片机由芯片内仅有CPU 的专用处理器发展而来。最早的设计理念是通过将大量外围设备和 CPU 集成在
46、一个芯片中，使计算机系统更小，更容易集成进复杂的而对体积要求严格的控制设备当中。INTEL 的 Z80 是最早按照这种思想设计出的处理器，从此以后，单片机和专用处理器的发展便分道扬镳。早期的单片机都是8 位或 4 位的。其中最成功的是INTEL 的 8031，因为简单可靠而性能不错获得了很大的好评。此后在8031 上发展出了 MCS51 系列单片机系统。基于这一系统的单片机系统直到现在还在广泛使用。随着工业控制领域要求的提高，开始出现了16 位单片机，但因为性价比不理想并未得到很广泛的应用。90 年代后随着消费电子产品大发展，单片机技术得到了巨大的提高。随着INTEL i960 系列特别是后来
47、的 ARM 系列的广泛应用，32 位单片机迅速取代16 位单片机的高端地位，并且进入主流市场。而传统的8 位单片机的性能也得到了飞速提高，处理能力比起80年代提高了数百倍。目前，高端的32 位单片机主频已经超过300MHz，性能直追90 年代中期的专用处理器，而普通的型号出厂价格跌落至1 美元，最高端的型号也只有10美元。当代单片机系统已经不再只在裸机环境下开发和使用，大量专用的嵌入式操作系统被广泛应用在全系列的单片机上。而在作为掌上电脑和手机核心处理的高端单片机甚至可以直接使用专用的Windows 和 Linux 操作系统。文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J1
48、0X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:C
49、L6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP
50、4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6J10X4G8Y5文档编码:CL6U9M4N7Y2 HP4R8H6H3I5 ZG6