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1、20XX 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题Section I Use of English Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with
2、 academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2.A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3
3、holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5，people will simply become lazy and depressed.6 today s unemployed dont seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed
4、for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness
5、of a jobless future.But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 striki
6、ngly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relat
7、ively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard days work，I often feel 18，”Dan aher says，adding，“In a world in which I dont have to work，I might feel rather different”perhaps different enough to thro
8、w himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring 2.A inequality B instability C unreliability D uncertainty 3.A policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction 4.A characterized Bdivided C balanced Dmeasured 5.A wisd
9、om B meaning C glory D freedom 6.A Instead B Indeed C Thus D Nevertheless 7.A rich B urban Cworking D educated 8.A explanation B requirement C compensation D substitute 9.A under B beyond C alongside D among 10.A leave behind B make up C worry about D set aside 11.A statistically B occasionally C ne
10、cessarily D economically 12.A chances B downsides C benefits D principles 13.A absence B height C face D course 14.A disturb B restore C exclude D yield 15.A model B practice C virtue D hardship 16.A tricky B lengthy C mysterious D scarce 17.A demands B standards C qualities D threats 18.A ignored B
11、 tired C confused D starved 19.A off B against C behind D into 20.A technological B professional C educational D interpersonal Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER S
12、HEET.（40 points）Text 1 Every Saturday morning,at 9 am,more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park.The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free,staffed by thousands of volunteers.Runners range from four
13、 years old to grandparents;their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic legacy is failing.Ten years ago on Monday,it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged
14、 that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise,by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general popula
15、tion was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved.Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to inspi
16、re a generation.The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial:Your only competitor is the clock.The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders,by contrast
17、,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.The dual aim was mixed up:The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the 文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP
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21、:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编
22、码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档
23、编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文
24、档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10planning of such a fundamentally grassroots,concept as community sports associations.I
25、f there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools.But successive governments have presided over
26、selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy,worthy strategies,future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive.Or at least not make them worse.21.According to Paragraph1,Parkrun has_.Againe
27、d great popularity Bcreated many jobs Cstrengthened community ties Dbecome an official festival 22.The author believes that Londons Olympic legacy has failed to_.Aboost population growth Bpromote sport participation Cimprove the citys image Dincrease sport hours in schools 23.Parkrun is different fr
28、om Olympic games in that it_.Aaims at discovering talents Bfocuses on mass competition Cdoes not emphasize elitism Ddoes not attract first-timers 24.With regard to mass sport,the author holds that governments should_.Aorganize grassroots sports events Bsupervise local sports associations Cincrease f
29、unds for sports clubs Dinvest in public sports facilities 25.The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_.Atolerant Bcritical Cuncertain Dsympathetic Text 2 With so much focus on childrens use of screens,its easy for parents to forget about 文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A
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31、A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW
32、2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 Z
33、W2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6
34、ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6
35、 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L
36、6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says J
37、enny Radesky in her study of digital play,and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-tes
38、ting exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their email
39、s while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsiveas they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites t
40、he“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capt
41、ure her mothers attention.Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the wo
42、rries about kids use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are n
43、eglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn t learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to
44、a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26.According to Jenny Radesky,digital products are designed to _.Asimplify routine matters Babsorb user attention Cbetter interpersonal relations Dincrease w
45、ork efficiency 27.Radesky s food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _.Atakes away babies appetiteBdistracts childrens attentionCslows down babies verbal development Dreduces mother-child communication 28.Radesky s cites the“still face experiment”to show that _.文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S
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47、S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL
48、1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 HL1S7C2K6L6 ZW2A8R2I8M10文档编码:CP9S7Q6I10X10 H
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