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1、高中英语必修四Module 1 Life in the FutureWords & ExpressionsSection Introduction, reading and vocabulary一、语言知识精讲1.Would you like to live in it?你愿意住在里面吗？would like想要做某事，后面跟不定式或名词。Id like to visit the Great Wall.我想要参观长城。Id like a bath.我想洗个澡。【相关链接】辨析：feel like; would like（1）feel like 中的like是介词，后跟名词或动名词。I feel
2、 like sleeping /taking a walk.我想睡觉/散步。I dont feel like walking very much today.今天我不想走太多的路了。Do you feel like having something to eat?你想吃点东西吗？I feel like a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。（2）would like中的like是动词，后跟不定式或名词。What would like to do now?你现在想做什么？I would like to have dinner with you.我想要和你一起吃饭。I would like to
3、talk to you for a minute.我想和你谈一下。Would you like some help?你需要帮助吗？例题1（1） ?That would be great! Please drop me off at the library.A. Could you bring me the bill? B. Would you like me to give you a liftC. Could you tell me the postcode for Paris D. Would you like to have my e-mail address.（2）We can giv
4、e you a ride into town. Thank you.A. Yes, why not? B. Oh, it would be my pleasure C. Yes, pleasure D. Oh, that would be great2.Bricks are often used to build walls.砖头经常被用来建造墙壁。be used to sth.被用来做某事Bamboo can be used to build houses.竹子可用来建造房屋。【相关连接】辨析：used to do; be/get used to (doing) sth.; be used
5、to do（1）used to do过去常常做，现在不再We used to go sailing on the lake in summer.以前夏天的时候，我们经常去湖里泛舟。（2）be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于I didnt think I could ever get used to living in a big city after living in the country.我觉得我在农村住了以后就无法再适应大城市的生活了。（3）be used to do sth.被用来做Silk is used to weave cloth.丝用于织布。例题2（1
6、）I like that in public. A. am not used to be speaking to B. am not used to be spoken to C. am not used to being spoken D. am not used to being spoken to（2）Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used late for his lecture. A. to have students B. for students being C. for students to be D.
7、to students being3.alternative energy可替代能源alternative（1）adj.替代的，其他的，供选择的I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.我建议这次假期不去山上就到海边去。（2）n.可能性中的选择I had no alternative but to report him to the police.除了想警察举报他，我别无选择。【相关链接】辨析：alternative; choicealternati
8、ve指在两者之间做出选择，强调可替代的选择choice指一般意义上的选择。例题3 As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel. A. primary B. alternative C. instant D. unique4.No smoking will be allowed within a future citys limits未来的城
9、市市内将不允许吸烟。allow （1）v.允许，准许They do not allow smoking here他们不允许在这里吸烟。They allowed her to go to the party他们允许她去参加聚会。（2）v.给予，提供（钱或时间）He allows his son ten dollars a month.他每月给他儿子10美元。（3）v.允许有的余地Your gift allows me to buy a car.你的赠礼可以使我买一辆小桥车了。The facts allow no other explanation这些事实不容作其他解释。【相关链接】辨析：allo
10、w, permit, letallow和permit都表示“允许”，用法也一样，在许多情况下可以互换，只是词义的强弱上有些差别。allow词义较弱，含有“听任，默许，不加阻止”的意思。let表示“让”，词义最弱，较口语化，其用法与allow, permit不同，在let后面的宾补为不带to的动词不定式，let一般不能用于被动语态。That teacher allows too much noise in the classroom.那位老师听任教室了大声吵闹。School does not permit smoking.学校不准抽烟。Let me help you.让我帮你吧。例题4（1）Th
11、e government servants arent to accept rewards. A. allow B. allowing C. allowed D. allows（2）The nurse the visitors to remain beyond the hospital visiting hours though it was not . A. permitted; permitted B. allowed; allowed C. allowed; permitted D. permitted; allowed（3）It isnt to smoke in public plac
12、es in Beijing.A. allowed B. permitted C. promised D. let5.Smoking will be possible only outside cities, and outdoors只有在郊区或户外才有可能允许吸烟。possible（1）adj.可能的，可能做到的，可能存在的Come as quickly as possible.尽快来吧Frost is possible, Although unlikely, at this time of year.在一年中的这个时候，下霜也是有可能的，虽然可能性不大。（2）n.（工作、运动等）适合候选人T
13、hey interviewed 30 people, of whom five were possible.他们对300个人进行了面试，其中有5个复合候选条件。【注意】possible作表语时，常只以事物而不是人做主语。It is possible for him to pass the entrance examination.他有可能通过入学考试。在it is possible that句型中，从句的谓语动词常用should加动词原形，should可以省略。It is possible that he (should)pass the exam.他有可能通过考试。【相关链接】辨析：like
14、ly, possible, probablelikely指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”。likely比probable的可能性小，比possible要大possible指“由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到”，强调“客观上有可能”，但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思。probable语气比possible强。指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的”事物，带有“大概，很可能”的意思例题5（1）Five tickets for adult, pleaseIm sorry. Tickets are to be sold out.A. possible B. likely C. able D. gradua
15、l（2）Were considering . A. if it is possible to do the job ourselves B. the possibility of doing the job ourselves C. the possibility to do the jib ourselves D. possibly to do the jib ourselves（3）I was eager to get back to work as soon as . A. definite B. possible C. anxious D. violent6.Now add other
16、 topics to the list.现在为清单增加其他话题（1）add是动词，表示“加，增添，追加”；还指“继续说，补充说”，常接that从句。“Finally” she added ,”I would like to thank my family for all their help”（2）本句中的addto意思是“增加，增添，把加到上”Do you want to add your name to the list?你想把你的名字添到名单里吗？【相关链接】辨析：add to; add up toadd to表示“增添，增加”The bad weather added to diffi
17、culties.恶劣的天气增加了难度。add up to表示“加起来总共，合计达到”，还可以表示“（合起来看）说明，意味着”之意The figures add up to 137.这些数目加起来总共137.例题6（1）The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather the helpessness of the crew at sea A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up（2）When you forty fifty, you can get ninety
18、.A. put; to B. take; from C. add up; to D. add; to7.No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business.谁也说不准，并且预测也是件冒险的事。本句为并列句，making predictions为动名词短语作主语。for sure 确定，肯定的No one knows for sure what happened.谁也不知道到底发生了什么事？I think he lives here but I cant asy for sure.我想他是住在这里的，但我不敢肯定。【
19、句式链接】常用一下句式表示“确信，肯定，有把握”be sure +从句/+ of/about sth./ doing sth /+不定式It is certain that China is sure to settle problems caused by financial crises.中国有信心能解决金融危机引起的各种问题，这一点是肯定的。例题7（1）Linda, make sure the tables before the guests arrive. A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting（2）I never know whether
20、 I was encouraging or discouraging my childrens interest in study by my example. A. in surprise B. for fear C. for sure D. in total8. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources run out.在未来，爱护环境将会变得很重要，因为地球的自然资源濒临枯竭。run out（某物）用完；不多了；没有了His money is
21、 running out because of his wasting behaviour.由于他的浪费行为，他的钱就要用光了。【相关链接】（1）run out of表示“用完”，其句子主语常为表示“人”的名词或代词（2）give out和use up均可表示“用完，耗尽”。give out用物作主语，且为不及物动词词组，use up用物作主语，时常用于被动语态。【短语链接】run after追捕，追求run away逃走run into sb./sth遇见某人/某物run for竞选run across偶然遇见（某人），发现（某物）run away with（感情等）战胜，不受拘束例题8（1
22、）Food stores may towards the end of the end of the trip, so we cant waste any food. A. run out B. come out C. put out D. give out（2）Im still working on my project.Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is .A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out9.Everyone will be given a telephone number
23、at birth that will never change no matter where they live.每个人在出生时就会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。（1）at birth出生时，一出生The baby weighed seven pounds at birth.这个婴儿出生时重七磅。He was blind at birth.他一出生就双目失明。（2）that will never change是一个定语从句，修饰先行词number，关系代词在从句中作主语。（3）no matter where they live.是一个让步状语从句，意为“无论他
24、们住在哪里” no matter与what/who/when/how/whether等连用，表示“无论，不管”等意，引导一个让步状语从句no matter when=whenever不管何时no matter where=wherever不管哪里no matter who=whoever不管如何no matter which=whichever无论谁No matter what he say, I wont believe him无论他说什么，我都不会相信。.No matter what difficulties you may meet, come to me for help.无论你遇到什
25、么问题，来找我好了。He failed again and again no matter how hard he tried.无论他怎么努力，总是一次又一次地失败。He left a bad name no matter where he stayed【注意】no matter +疑问代词，引导让步状语从句；疑问代词+ever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。You are what may welcome no matter where you are.无论在何地，你总是受欢迎的。No matter what may happen, theyve decided to leave
26、this evening.不管发生什么事，他们已决定今晚离开。No matter where you go, you will always find the same thing无论你去哪里，你都会发现同样的事情。例题9（1）Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or it is convenient to you. A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever（2）To show our respect, we usually have to take o
27、ur gloves off we are to shake hands with. A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever（3） I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A. While B. Once C. If D. Until（4）. hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A. However B.
28、Whatever C. Whichever D. Whenever10.In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.将来所以的购物将在网上进行，商品目录将会有用于订购的语音指令。command在此句中为可数名词，表示“命令，指令”，还可以指“指挥”，为不可数名词，常用搭配“under sb.s command”,表示“在某人的指挥下。”An officer stood on one of the tanks and began sh
29、outing commands through a loudspeaker.一名官员站在其中的一个坦克上开始通过广播发号施令。The troops are under the command of Genearl Robert.部队由罗珀特将军指挥。【注意】command作名词，后接从句时，其后的名词性从句中的谓语动词通常为should+ do形式，should可省略。They had to obey the command that they (should) cross the bridge.他们必须执行过桥的命令。【短语链接】at ones command听某人指挥in command
30、of指挥；控制（主语一般是人）in the command of由某人指挥/控制（主语一般为物）take command of sb.控制某事under the command of sb.在某人的指挥下command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事。【相关链接】具有“建议、命令、坚持、要求”等意义的词，接从句时，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的形式为“（should +）动词原形”记住下列顺口溜：一个坚持：insist（坚持某种事实）二道命令：order, command三条建议：suggest, propose, advise四点要求：demand, desire, request,
31、 require例题10（1）Teachers recommended parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow（2）How do you we go to Beijing for our holidays?I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable.A. insist B. want C. suppose
32、 D. suggest（3）My teacher all the students to go out to the hills to plant trees on March 12th. A. make B. had C. let D. command11.All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowing,will be provided free of charge by the city. 所以的娱乐形式，例如：电影院、保龄球都将由该市政府免费提供。charge v.收费，要价，使承担（任务、责任），把记入（账册等）He charged o
33、ff the mistake to inexperience.他把错误归因于缺乏经验。He does not charge at all for his service.他完全不收服务费。Storage will be charged on each piece of baggage remaining at stations over 24 hours.每件行李在车站存放24小时以上都将收取寄存费。He was charged in an action of waste.他的浪费行为受到指责。They charged the blunder on him.他们把错误归咎于他He charge
34、d the accident to me.他把这次事故的责任推到我身上。The driver is charged with speeding.司机被控告超速驾驶。The air was charged with excitement.气氛极为兴奋热烈。【短语链接】charge off把当做损耗处理，注销；把归因于be falsely charged被诬告charge for索价，要价charge with控告某人做某事，交付责任free of charge免费in charge (of)管理，负责，主管in the charge of由管理例题11（1）The manager is away
35、.Whos taking of the companyA. charge B. place C. part D. position（2）How much are you going to me for repairing this bike? A. charge B. request C. need D. require（3）The hotel me $10 a room the light.A. charges; of; in B. charged; for; at C. charged; with; for D. charged; for; for12.Distance surgery w
36、ill become common as doctors carry out operation from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.医生在几千里之外为病人动手术的远程治疗成为常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。（1）carry out执行，实行，完成They decided to carry out the order at once.他们决定立即执行命令。Extensive tests have been carried out on the p
37、atient.医生已对患者进行了全面检查。【短语链接】carry away带走、拿回；使激动的失去自制能力carry back拿回，使回想起carry on (with)进行下去；继续下去【相关链接】辨析：carry on; carry out; carry throughcarry out用于对政策的“贯彻”，以及“执行”命令、任务、决定等场合，也可表示“进行”实验、建设、革命、履行诺言等。Two kinds of ground strength tests are to be carried out.要进行两种地面强度试验。After liberation we carried out l
38、and reform.解放后我们实行了土地改革。carry on是“进行，继续进行（事业、斗争、战争、讨论、谈话等）”意思，有时还可跟with短语。After his fathers death, Bill carried on with the business.比尔在他父亲去世之后，继续做生意。There is no one to carry on the work. We must overcome all difficulties and carry on the fight to the end.现在没有人能接替这项动作，我们一定要战神一切困难，把斗争进行到底。carry throu
39、gh意为“将进行到底；渡过难关；完成”They carried through the work in a month.他们一个月就完成了这项工作（2）with each city having是介词with引导的介词短语。在句子作状语，也叫with+复合宾语结构，在句子可以做伴随状语、方式状语、原因状语、时间状语等。with+宾语+现在分词（分词与前面的宾语在逻辑上是主谓关系）He fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没有熄灯就睡觉了。with +宾语+过去分词（分词与前面的宾语在逻辑上是动宾关系）They felt very happy with work
40、 done.工作做完了，他们感到很高兴。with +宾语+形容词He sleeps with the windows open even in winter.他即使是在冬天也开着窗睡觉。with +宾语+副词A little boy is standing there with nothing on.一个小男孩正一丝不挂的站在那里。with +宾语+介词短语She entered the train station, with a bag in her hand.她进了车站，手里提着一个包。with + 宾语+不定式You are sure to succeed with him to hel
41、p you.有他来帮忙，你们一定能成功。（3）common最常见的意思是“普通的，平凡的”。其比较级为commoner或more common;最高级为commonest或most common.This flower is common in spring.这种花在春天很常见。【相关链接】辨析：common, ordinary, usualcommon指为许多人或事物所共同具备，因而常见。Rabbits and foxes are common in Britain.兔子和狐狸在英国很常见。ordinary指由于与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而显得平常，无奇特之处，反义词为special.H
42、is mother is an ordinary teacher.他的母亲是为平凡的教师。usual指在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西或常发生的事情，反义词为unusual.We will meet at the usual time.我们将在老时间会面。例题12（1）Dont be so discouraged. If you such feelings, you will do better next time. A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away（2）Its a good idea, but whos goi
43、ng to the plan? I think Tom and Grey will. A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through（3）They in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A. carried out B. carried off C. carried on D. carried forward（4） a moment and I will go to your rescue. A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move on D. Carry on（5）
44、 and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end his life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure（6）I had to stay at home with so much homework . A. to be done B. to have done C. to do D. to be doing（7）With the money , he couldnt buy any ticket. A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost（8）Mobile phones are much more in China now than ten years ago, and even many a high school students has one. A. common B. normal C. definite D. formal（9）A