《2014新人教版八年级上册物理知识点填空题总结.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2014新人教版八年级上册物理知识点填空题总结.pdf（21页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料八年级上册物理知识点汇总（填空）第一章机械运动一、长度时间的及其测量1.长度的测量(1)长度的单位：在国际单位制中，长度的单位是“”。常用的还有“千米(km)”、“分米(dm)”、“厘米（cm）”、“毫米（mm）”、“微米（m）”、“纳米（nm）”等。它们之间的关系为：1km=103m；1m=10dm；1dm=10cm；1cm=10mm；1mm=m；1m=nm。(2)长度的测量工具：、游标卡尺、螺旋测微器、卷尺等。(3)正确使用刻度尺：为了便于记亿，这里将刻度尺的使用总结为六个字：选、放、看、读、记、算。“选”合适的刻度尺，看清刻度尺的零刻度线、量程和分度值
2、。“放”尺要沿着所测直线、刻度部分贴近被测长度放置。“看”读数看尺视线要与尺面要。“读”要读出分度值的下一位。“记”正确记录测量结果，记录单位。“算”多次测量取值。2.时间的测量(1)时间的单位：在国际单位制中，时问的单位是“”。(2)时间的测量工具：、时钟等。(3)时间的估测：可以借助脉搏的跳动次数等对时间进行估测。3.误差(1)测量值与真实值之间的差异叫做。在测量中误差总是存在的。误差不是错误，不可避免，只能想办法尽可能减小误差，但不可能消除误差。学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料(2)减小误差的方法：、多次测量取平均值。二、运动的描述1.机械运动：物理学中把叫做机械运动，简称为运动。2
3、.参照物(1)研究机械运动，判断一个物体是运动的还是静止的，被选作标准的物体叫做。(2)判断一个物体是运动的还是静止的，要看这个物体与参照物的位置关系。当一个物体相对于参照物位置发生了改变，我们就说这个物体是的，如果位置没有改变，我们就说这个物体是的。(3)参照物的选择是任意的，选择不同的参照物来观察同一物体的运动，其结果可能。一般在研究地面上运动的物体时，常选择或者相对地面静止的物体作为参照物。3.运动和静止的相对性：宇宙中的一切物体都在，也就是说，运动是绝对的。而一个物体是运动还是静止则是相对于而言的，这就是运动的相对性。4.判断一个物体是运动的还是静止的，一般按以下三个步骤进行：(1)选
4、择恰当的参照物。(2)看被研究物体相对于参照物的位置。(3)若被研究物体相对于参照物的位置发生了改变，我们就说这个物体是的。若位置没有改变，我们就说这个物体是的。三、运动的快慢1.知道比较快慢的两种方法文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5
5、O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH
6、10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM
7、7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1
8、Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:
9、CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6
10、HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料(1)通过相同的距离比较的
11、大小。(2)相同时间内比较通过的多少。2.速度(1)物理意义：速度是描述的物理量。(2)定义：速度是指运动物体在单位时间内通过的。(3)速度计算公式：v=。注意公式中各个物理物理量的含义及单位以及路程和时间的计算。(4)速度的单位国际单位：米/秒，读做米每秒，符号为 m/s 或 m s-l。常用单位：千米/小时，读做千米每小时，符号为km/h。单位的换算关系：1m/s=km/h。(5)匀速直线运动和变速直线运动物体沿着直线的运动叫做匀速直线运动。对于匀速直线运动，虽然速度等于路程与时间的比值，但速度的大小却与路程和时间无关。变速直线运动可以用来粗略的地描述物体在某段路程或某段时间的运动快慢。平
12、均速度的计算公式：v=，式中，t 为总时间，s 为路程。正确理解平均速度：A.平均速度只是粗略地描述变速运动的平均的，它实际是把复杂的变速运动当作简单的匀速运动来处理，把复杂的问题简单化。B.由于变速直线运动的物体的速度在不断，因此在不同的时间、不同的路程，物体的平均速度不同。所以，谈到平均速度，必须指明是哪一段路程，或哪一段时间的平均速度，否则，平均速度便失去意义。文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1
13、Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:
14、CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6
15、HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 Z
16、O1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编
17、码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P
18、6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3
19、 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料第二章声现象一、声音的产生：1、声音是由产生的；（人靠声带振动发声、蜜蜂靠翅膀下的小黑点振动发声，风声是空气振动发声，管制乐器靠里面的空气柱振动发声，弦乐器靠弦振动发声，鼓靠鼓面振动发声，钟靠钟振动发声，等等）；2、振动停止，发声；但声音并没立即消失（因为原来发出的声音仍在继续传播）；（注：发声的物体一定振动，有振动不一定能听见声音）3、发声体可以是固体、和气体；二、声音的传播1、声音的传播需要；固体、液体和气体都可以传播声音；一般情况下，声音在中传得最
20、快，中最慢；2、不能传声，月球上（太空中）的宇航员只能通过无线电话交谈；3、声音以的形式传播；4、声速：物体在每秒内传播的距离叫声速，单位是m/s；声速跟和有关；声速的计算公式是v=s/t；声音在 15的空气中的速度为m/s；三、回声：声音在传播过程中，遇到障碍物被回来，再传入人的耳朵里，人耳听到反射回来的声音叫回声（如：高山的回声，北京的天坛的回音壁）1、听见回声的条件：原声与回声之间的时间间隔在0.1s以上（教室里听 不 见 老 师 说 话 的 回 声，狭 小 房 间 声 音 变 大 是 因 为 原 声 与 回声）；文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6
21、T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10
22、C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V
23、4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5
24、O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH
25、10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM
26、7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1
27、Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料2、回声的利用：测量距离（车到山的距离，海的深度，冰川到船的距离）；四、怎样听见声音1、人耳的构成：人耳主要由外耳道、耳蜗及听觉神经组成；2、声音传到耳道中，引起振动，再经、听觉神经传给大脑，形成听觉；3、在声音传给大脑的过程中任何部位发生障碍，人都会失去听觉（鼓膜、听小骨处出现障碍是传导性耳聋；处出
28、障碍是神经性耳聋）4、骨传导：不借助鼓膜、靠传给听觉神经，再传给大脑形成听觉（贝多芬耳聋后听音乐，我们说话时自己听见的自己的声音）；骨传导的性能比空气传声的性能好；5、双耳效应：声源到两只耳朵的距离一般不同，因而声音传到两只耳朵的时刻、强弱及步调也不同，可由此判断声源的现象（我们听见立体声就属于双耳效应的应用）；五、声音的特性包括：音调、响度、音色；1、音调：声音的高低叫音调，与发声体振动的有关，越高，音调越高（频率：物体在每秒内振动的次数，表示物体振动的，单位是赫兹，振动物体越大音调越低；）2、响度：声音的叫响度；与发声体的、距离声源的距离有关，物体越大，响度越大；听者距发声者越远响度；3、
29、音色：声音的品质特征；与发声体的和有关，不同的物体的音调、响度尽管都可能相同，但音色却一定不同；（辨别是什么文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7
30、文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4
31、O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H
32、4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7
33、A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2
34、G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I
35、6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料物体发的声靠音色）六、超 声 波 和 次 声 波：人 耳 感 受 到 声 音 的 频 率 有 一 个 范 围：Hz，高于
36、 Hz叫超声波；低于 Hz叫次声波；七、噪声的危害和控制1、噪声：（1）从物理角度上讲物体做振动时发出的声音叫噪声；（2）从环保的角度上讲，凡是人们正常学习、工作、休息的声音以及对人们要听的声音产生干扰的声音都是噪声；2、乐音：从物理角度上讲，物体做振动发出的声音；4、噪声的等级：表示声音强弱的单位是，符号为。为了保护听力，声音不能超过90 分贝；为了保证工作和学习，声音不能超过分贝；为了保证休息和睡眠，声音不能超过50 分贝；0dB指刚刚引起听觉；5、控制噪声：（1）在处减弱(安消声器)；（2）在中减弱（植树。隔音墙）（3）在处减弱（戴耳塞）八、声音的利用1 传递（医生查病时的“闻”，打 B
37、超，敲铁轨听声音，超声波基本沿直线传播用来回声定位制作声纳等等）2 声可以传递（飞机场旁边的玻璃被震碎；雪山中不能高声说话；一音叉振动，未接触的音叉振动发生；超声波的能量大、频率高用来打结石、清洗钟表等精密仪器）第三章物态变化一、温度：1、温度：温度是用来表示物体的物理量；文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A
38、7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G
39、4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6
40、H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T
41、7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C
42、2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4
43、I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O
44、6T7A7学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料注：热的物体我们说它的温度高，冷的物体我们说它的温度低，若两个物体冷热程度一样，它们的温度亦相同；我们凭感觉判断物体的冷热程度一般不可靠；2、摄氏温度：（1）我们采用的温度是温度，单位是摄氏度，用符号“”表示；（2）摄氏温度的规定：把一个大气压下，的温度规定为 0；把一个标准大气压下的温度规定为 100；然后把 0和100之间分成 100等份，每一等份代表1。二、温度计1、常用的温度计是利用的原理制造的；2、温度计的构成：玻璃泡、均匀的玻璃管、玻璃泡总装适量的液体（如酒精、煤油或水银）、刻度；3、温度计的使用：使用前要：观察温度计的、（每个小刻度表
45、示多少温度），并估测液体的温度，不能超过温度计的量程（否则会损坏温度计）测量时，要将温度计的玻璃泡与被测液体接触，不能紧靠和；读数时，玻璃泡不能离开被测液、要待温度计的示数后读数，且视线要与温度计中夜柱的上表面。三、体温计：1、用途：专门用来测量人体温的；2、测量范围：；分度值为；文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O
46、6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH1
47、0C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7
48、V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y
49、5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:C
50、H10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 HM7V4I6H4E3 ZO1Y5O6T7A7文档编码:CH10C2G4O8P6 H