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1、初中英语语法定语从句复习课教案教学目标：1.学生能掌握关系代词和关系副词的正确使用。 2.学生能正确理解整个句子的意思 教学重难点：定语从句中引导词（who, whom, whose，that , which，when，where, why）的正确使用教学过程：例子导入： The girl is my sister. The girl is standing under the tree.The girl （who is standing under the tree） is my sister.先行词 定语从句一.定义：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名
2、词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。I like the music that I can dance to. 先行词（物） 引导词（that指代the music）She is a girl ( who has long hair.) 先行词（人） 引导词（who指代a girl） 二.引导词：关系代词：who, whom, whose，that , which（表人、表物，作主语，宾语） 关系副词：when，where, why, （表时间、地点、原因，作状语） （1）先行词表人时可用who，that或whom分点练习： He is a boy（_ is confident.） (T
3、he boy is confident.) 主语 He is the teacher for _ you are waiting. (介词提前) He is the teacher ( _ you are waiting for.) (You are waiting for the teacher) 宾语归纳总结：当先行词是人：引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who，that 介词提前在句中作宾语，引导词只能用whom 引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词用who/whom小试牛刀：1.Is this the man with _ you went to the zoo yesterday? A. who
4、 B. whom C. which 2.He is a man ( _ we can learn). A. whom B. from which C. from whom 注意：动词带有介词构成词组时要把介词选上。如：learn from中考链接【2013广东湛江】25. Look! That is the woman I met yesterday.Oh? Shes my aunt.A. what B. who C. where D. when【2013广东】45. The young lady _ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program
5、I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.A. who B. whomC. which D. whose（2）whose的使用 I know the boy _ bike is red. 名词 He loves the room _ window is towards the east. A. which B. whose C. that 引导词后面有名词（表所属）时，引导词用whose（3） 先行词表物时，用that或whichthat及which的区别：that和which都可表物，一般可互换，但下列情况只用that1. Im sure s
6、he has something _ you can borrow. A. that B. which 先行词为：everything, nothing, something, anything, 等不定代词时引导词用that2. Ive read all the books that are not mine. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时3. This is the first book that he was read. 先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时4. This is the only book that belongs
7、 to him. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the best, the last等修饰时5. There are some books and a man that I have seen. 先行词既有人也有物6. ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的 在there be 句型中7 Who is the girl _ spoke to you just now? Which is the car _ was made in China? A. that B. who C. which 7.当主
8、句以who或which开头时，为避免重复引导词用that巩固练习： Who is the man _ I saw yesterday. 注意： that 引导定语从句，充当定语从句的宾语时，可以省略。 小试牛刀： I like the music _ he writes. A. / B. who C. why D when只用which的情况：1.This is the house in _ he lives. A. that B. which C. who 1.先行词是物，且介词提前用which The school (_ my father works) looks very beauti
9、ful. (my father works in the school) A. which B. in that C. in which对比：Is this the man with _ you went to the zoo yesterday? A. who B. whom C. which 先行词是人，且介词提前用_.2. 先行词（物）及引导词之间有逗号隔开（非限制性定语从句），用which2.He lives in a house, _ has many trees around it. A. that B. which C. who3. 先行词为that,those时,用which3
10、. Whatsthatwhichisunderthedesk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?中考链接【2011广东】44. The first thing _ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter. A. whichB. thatC. whyD. who 【2011广州】The story _ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.A. whose B. who C. that D. where【2013安徽】49. I
11、still remember the college and the teachers_I visited in London years ago.A. what B. who C. that D. which （4）关系副词when, where,why的用法：先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time, hour, day, month, year时，其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状语(不充当从句的主语或宾语)，则用关系副词when。1.(先行词是时间时，关系副词用when)1. I still remember the day _ _ I first met Mary. A. that
12、B. which C. when 2.先行词表示地点时，引导词用where,在句中作状语。 2. This is the factory _ my father works.拓展：当point, situation，conditions等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导 1.Can you think out a situation _ this word can be used? 2. Her illness has developed to the point _ nobody can cure her. 3.先行词是the reason时，关系副词用why,也可省略。3.
13、That is the reason (why) I did it.Do you know the reason(why)she has changed her mind? （5） 注意：在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，关系副词when, where和why可以及“介词+ which”互换。The day when (=on which) she arrived was Thursday. 她到的那天是星期四。July and August are the months when (=in which) the weather is hot. 七八月是天气很热的月份This is the
14、 hotel where ( =in which/ at which) they were staying. 这就是他们当时住的旅店Do you remember the place where (=at which) we had lunch? 你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗?The reason why (=for which) I came here was to be with my family. 我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起小试牛刀：This is the factory in _ my father works.解析：这里填which，in which=where拓展：判断找
15、引导词是关系代词或关系副词，找出定语从句的主谓宾，先使其变为简单的肯定句看缺什么成分。 This is the city (which/that) you visited last year.（you visited the city last year）.先行词直接充当visited的宾语，缺的是宾语，所以用which或that2） 如果定语从句和该先行词无法直接相连，必须另外多加上介词，并在定语从句中充当状语时，则使用关系副词。如：This is the city where you stayed last year. （ you stayed in the city last year.
16、）先行词也是the city，将其放入定语从句中不能直接作成分，必须加上介词in，一起做从句的地点状语，相当于in +which所以此处用where. （即取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。）小试牛刀：1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age? 2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 解析：例1变为肯定句： This museum is _ yo
17、u visited a few days ago. 所缺部分为主句的表语，从句的宾语，而where, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，而that只作从句宾语，还缺主句的表语, 只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词that，所以应选D。 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 巩固练习：2 Ill n
18、ever forget the days_I spent in the countryside. A. where B. that C. on which D.when中考链接：【2012广东】42. There will be a flower show in the park we visited last week.A. whoB. whenC. whatD. Which补充： 定语从句中谓语的形式 There are the twins who _ in the next door. A. live B. lives C. lived A clock is a machine that
19、 _ people the time. A. tell B. is telling C. tells 先行词总结：从句谓语动词的单复数及_先行词_的单复数一致，（当引导词充当定语从句的主语时）巩固练习：1.The silk _ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B. who C. what D. /2.In the dark street ,there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help.A .that B. who C. from whom D. to whom3.Do you live
20、near the building _color is yellow? A. that B. which C. whose D. its4.He helped his father on the farm _they lived. A. which B. that C. when D. where5.Im one of the boys _never late for school. A. that is B. who is C. who are D. who am6.All_should be done has been done. A. what B. which C. that D. w
21、hatever 7.Jack told me everything _he knew about it.A. what B. that C. which D. who 8.My father works in the factory _this type of truck is made.A. in where B. in which C. from which D. of which9.The school _we visited last week was built in 1956.A./ B. where C. that D. both A and C10.This is one of
22、 the best films _I have ever seen.A. which B. that C. of which D. of that11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions _were asked in French.A. where B. who C. in which D. which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.A. these B.
23、 those C. that D. which 13.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor.A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose14.All_is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 15.She heard a terrible noise, _brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. thatII 用适当
24、的关系词填空：1) Ill never forget the day on _ they met for the very first time last summer.2) This is the place _ he so often mentioned to me.3) The only thing _ interested him was that he could do anything _ he wanted to.4) Which is the bike _ is made in Shanghai?5) He is old, _ fact is important in this case.6) Those _ want to buy the house may sign their names first.第 5 页