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1、2021年同等学力英语考试历年真题及参考答案Part One (90 minutes)Part 1 Dialogue communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue completion1. A: David said he bought a new BMW for $5,000! B: _. Sounds pretty cheap to me! A: Well, thats what he said.A. Are you sure?B. Come to think of it.C. Do you thin
2、k so?D. Is he crazy?2. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years. B: _. Im glad to hear it.A. Oh, my goodness!B. How was it?C. Oh, there you go again.D. Good for you.3. A: I just cant stand this class anymore? B: _. Its required, and you have to sit in it in order to g
3、raduate.A. Well, why not just drop out of it?B. Why, you can say that again!C. Well, you might as well get used to it.D. Why, I couldnt agree more!4. A: I dont know about you, but I thought that film was terrific. B: _. The action was great, and so was the music.A. Just the same.B. Im with you there
4、.C. More or less.D. I sure do.5. A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas. B: You know what they say, _.A. theres no free lunchB. dont bite off more than you can chewC. one good turn deserves anotherD. its who you know that countsSection B Dialogue Comprehension6. Woman: Id rather not
5、 talk about it. Just dont ask. Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam. Question: What does the man advise the woman to do?A. To talk to him about the problem.B. To keep the secret.C. To reduce the workload.D. To have a good rest.7. Woman: Julies dress looks funny. That style went out l
6、ast year. Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her. Question: What does the man try to emphasize?A. Julies dress is not outdated.B. Julies dress does not suit her.C. Julie should follow the fashion.D. Julie looks fine in that dress.8. Man: What kind of snacks do you prefer? Woman: Oh, Ive g
7、ot a sweet tooth, you know. Question: What does the woman probably like?A. Sandwich.B. Hot dogs.C. Ice cream.D. Potato chips.9. Woman: Im tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only cars could drive themselves! Man: Well, some car manufactures are working on them. I guess youll
8、soon buy one if you can afford it. Question: What does the man imply?A. The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.B. Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.C. He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.D. Driving to work is really a headache.10. Man: Annie, how does it no
9、t even cross your mind that you might want a future with someone? Woman: Its simple. I dont mind being married to my career. Question: Whats Annies attitude towards her future?A. She will stay with someone unmarried.B. She will live a simple life.C. She will quit her job to get married.D. She will f
10、ully focus on her job.Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section A11. The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.A. neglectedB. foresawC. exploredD. assessed12. Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report ca
11、ses of suspected child abuse to authorities.A. remindedB. expectedC. compelledD. requested13. Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.A. creativityB. popularityC. feasibilityD. flexibility14. We suspect there is a quire deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and
12、 undermine the electoral commission.A. consciousB. desperateC. clumsyD. intentional15. So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.A. justB. hardlyC. almostD. definitely16. Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in
13、 the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.A. constrainedB. caughtC. concealedD. concentrated17. Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.A. poisonousB. difficultC. dangerousD. harmful18. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and
14、travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.A. preciselyB. merelyC. substantiallyD. approximately19. The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.A. factorB. constituentC. barrierD. break20. Whenever you nee
15、d Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.A. count onB. benefit fromC. stand for D. stick toSection B21. It _ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.A. takesB. appearsC. makesD. goes22. The world economic recession pu
16、t an _ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.A. irregularB. illegalC. abruptD. absurd23. Im _ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.A. mysteriousB. furiousC. seriousD. curious24. The Labor Partys electoral strategy, based on an _ with other smaller parties
17、, has proved successful.A. acquaintanceB. integrationC. allianceD. intimacy25. The new aircraft will be _ to a test of temperatures of -65 and 120.A. suspendedB. suppressedC. summonedD. subjected26. The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful _ to my ordinary income.A. profitB. supplement
18、C. subsidyD. replacement27. Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining _ of tooth decay.A. treatmentB. incidenceC. consequenceD. misfortune28. Many countries have conversation programs to prevent certain _ of fish from becoming extinct.A. speciesB. sourcesC. numb
19、ersD. members29. Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by _ useful tips from TV cookery programs.A. picking upB. bringing upC. putting upD. pulling up30. The President _ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.A. promotedB. substitutedC. authorizedD. displacedPart III Readi
20、ng Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)Passage OneUntil last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the schools busing company redrew it
21、s route map, eliminating Nias bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a “walking school busa group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk together. Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costsand finding new wa
22、y to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical American school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesnt affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than
23、 one third of American school administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget.Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, com
24、pared with only 16 percent in 2001. Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished.Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busi
25、ng is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling. They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes, which arent always the shortest ones.T
26、here could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, its an environmental winbut if too many of their parents decide to drive then instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also
27、 increase safety risks: A 2002 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really bi
28、g hill.31. The “walking school bus _.A does not consume fuelB aims to keep children fitC seldom causes traffic jamsD is popular with school kids32. In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with _.A individual schoolsB school districtsC teacherD parents33. As regards walking to sc
29、hool, modern parents seem much concerned with the _.A time spent on the wayB changes in the routeC kids physical strengthD safety of their children34. To save money, some schools choose to _.A take the shortest routesB shorten the school weekC give drives better trainingD use fuel efficient buses35.
30、 Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to _.A fierce competition among bus companiesB more students taking public transportationC an increase in carbon dioxide emissionsD a decrease in the safety of school buses36. Which of the following best describes the authors attitude towards busing cutbacks?A Fa
31、vorableB CriticalC ObjectiveD IndifferentPassage TwoPeople are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows wh
32、y it exists. The greater longevity 长寿of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then the gap is growing.A number of reasons have been proposed to accounts for the differences. The gap is greatest in
33、industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved
34、 in fewer accidents).Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women sm
35、oking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some resear
36、chers have suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiven
37、ess of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have th
38、e edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物的) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages流产. In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.37. What can we learn from
39、the first two paragraphs?A Mens lifespan remains almost unchanged.B Researchers have found the cause of the age gapC The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.D The age gap was noticed only recently.38. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to womens longer lifespan are
40、 _.A diseases and road accidentsB industrialization and work strainsC their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcoholDtheir endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure39. According to Paragraph3, which of the following statements is true?A The great number of male smokers contribut
41、es to the age gap.B The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.C Female workers are more likely to smoke than make workers.D Smoking does not seem to affect womens longevity.40. Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzled?A Mens health is more closely related to their
42、 emotions.B Though more liable to illnesses, women still live longer.C Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.D Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.41. The word “edge in Paragraph 6 means “_.A marginB sideC advantageD quality42. What is the main idea of the passage?A
43、 The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.B That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.C People are living longer as a result of industrialization.D Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.Passage ThreeMany are aware of the tremendous waste of energy
44、in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.Fortun
45、ately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers
46、to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor (传感器) networks by making them difficult and expensive t
47、o install and maintain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis.The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is elim