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1、PRIVATETraining Module8D Problem Solving培训教程培训教程8D 问题解决问题解决 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateWhy are we here?为什么我们在这里？为什么我们在这里？We want you to teach this module in the future to your key people under you.我们希望在不久的将来您能把这一我们希望在不久的将来您能把这一教程教授给您的下属。教程教授给您的下属。Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier S
2、upport-PrivateMethod,Process How we do work?方法方法,过程过程-我们如何工作？我们如何工作？Input+Method=Output输入输入+方法方法=输出输出 You own your“method”!你拥有属于自己的“方法”!“Method”differentiates the output.“方法”区分了输出 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateMethod,Process How we do work?方法方法,过程过程-我们如何工作？我们如何工作？Method of doing wor
3、k is a Competitive Advantage工作的方法是强有力的竞争优势工作的方法是强有力的竞争优势Input+Method=Output输入输入+方法方法=输出输出 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateAutoliv质量保证质量保证Quality assurance 质量方法质量方法Quality methods 六西格玛六西格玛Six Sigma 标准化标准化Standards拉动系统拉动系统Pull system 安全安全&人机工程学人机工程学Safety&Ergonomy 不要批评，不要指责不要批评，不要指责Dont
4、 judge,dont blame!柔性柔性&激励激励Flexibility&Motivation训练到标准化训练到标准化Discipline to standards 持续改进持续改进Continuous improvement过程过程&结果结果Process&Result客户客户 Customers公司公司 Company员工员工 Employees社会社会 Society质量第一质量第一Quality first盈利能力盈利能力 Profitability竞争能力竞争能力 Competitiveness满意度满意度 Satisfaction 员工参与员工参与Employee involv
5、ement 团队合作团队合作Team work5S5S消除浪费消除浪费Muda elimination全员生产性维护全员生产性维护TPM及时化及时化Just in time 平准化平准化&能力能力Leveling&Capacity生产线概念生产线概念Line concepts连续流连续流Continuous flow节拍时间节拍时间Takt time高频次交货高频次交货Frequent deliveries Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateProblems are gaps between the actual condition
6、and the desired condition.问题是现实与期望的差距问题是现实与期望的差距What are Problems?什么是问题什么是问题?Gap=Problem实际状况实际状况期望状况期望状况差距差距=问题问题 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateProblem Solving问题解决问题解决8D Problem Solving Method8D问题解决方法Gap=ProblemGap=Problem=期望状况期望状况实际状况实际状况实际状况实际状况期望状况期望状况 Problem Solving(SQ and Supp
7、lier Support-Private8D Problem Solving,Corporate Standard AS63Method of Problem Solving问题解决的方法问题解决的方法Form a team组建团队组建团队12Describe the Problem描述问题描述问题Implement Containment Actions实行实行“围堵围堵”行动行动STOP3Identify Root Causes定义根本缘由4Choose and implement Corrective Actions选择并实行纠正措施选择并实行纠正措施5Evaluate Result评估
8、结果评估结果6Prevent Reoccurence预防再次发生预防再次发生7Congratulate the team团队庆祝团队庆祝8 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateForm a team组建团队组建团队18D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63Who is the leader?Get the right people!去找正确的人!须须要哪些人加要哪些人加要哪些人加要哪些人加入到入到入到入到团队团队中中中中?谁谁是是团队团队领导领导?Problem Solving(SQ and Su
9、pplier Support-Private2Describethe Problem描述问题描述问题8D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63 Use Data 运用数据 Pictures/sketches of Desired and Actual conditions实际与期望状况下的照片和草图“Go and See”approach 去现场视察 Compare OK and NOT OK conditions比较“OK”和“NOT OK”的状况 “A well defined problem is 50%solved.”当一个问题有了很好的定义，那该
10、问题就已经解决了一半Who,What,Where,When and How Many谁,什么,哪里,何时,多少 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateImplement Containment Actions实行实行“围堵围堵”行动行动STOP38D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63 Quickly contain non-conformances from Problem Start Point Problem Stop Point快速限制从问题起先点至问题结束点之间的不合格品 Appropri
11、ate instructions 恰当的指导 Validated to ensure effective确保有效 Verified by management 管理层审核No bad parts to the customer!不向客户递送不合格品!Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateIdentify Root Causes定义根本缘由48D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63Tools工具工具:Observation-Watch the process 视察视察-关注流程关注流程5 Why 5个
12、为什么个为什么现场再现现场再现Fish鱼骨图鱼骨图Go and See 去现场去现场More其他其他 Why the problem occurred?问题为什么发生?Why was the problem not detected?为什么问题没有被察觉到?Are you able to turn it on/off?你能够还原你能够还原/解决它么解决它么?Find the true cause!找到真正的缘由！Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-Private5 Why Tool5个为什么个为什么 Ask“why”to understand pro
13、blems 通过问”为什么来理解问题Ask“why”at least 5 times.至少问5次”为什么”Ask as many“whys”as you can,then go 1 more 尽量多问几次”为什么”Verify that the“whys”are true 验证这些”为什么”是正确的Gather data,go and see.收集现场收集数据Try to turn the problem on and off 试着还原并解决问题5 WhyAsk“Why!”Why?Why?Why?.为什么?为什么?为什么 .Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Sup
14、port-PrivateExample:例子例子Ask“Why!”5 WhyProblem:问题：Printer always displays“Failure”.Why?打印机总显示“失败”，为什么？Jam in feeder.Why?进纸处卡纸，为什么？Multiple sheets were drawn-in at the same time.Why?同时进多张纸，为什么？Sheets were inserted incorrectly(“Dog-ears”).Why?纸张放入错误（褶角），为什么？The feeder is difficult to reach.Why?进纸口很难遇到，
15、为什么？The printer is too close to the wall.打印机离墙太近 Conclusion:Move printer away from the wall.结论:把打印机搬离墙壁.Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateChoose and Implement Corrective Actions选择并实行订正措施58D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63 How was the occurrence fixed?怎样处理这一事务?How was the non-detec
16、tion fixed?怎样解决检查中的疏漏Install permanent fixes!实现永久性的解决!Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateEvaluate Result评估结果评估结果68D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63 Is the problem solved?问题解决了吗 Show me the data!给我看数据 Time or sample size.时间或样品尺寸Confirm the problem is eliminated!确定问题已经解除!Problem Solv
17、ing(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivatePrevent Reoccurence预防再次发生预防再次发生78D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63 Look at similar products and processes纵观相像的产品，设备和工艺。Keep your lessons for the long-term为将来积累阅历 Find and fix the system cause that prevents the problem 通过发觉和解决系统导致的问题来预防问题的产生 Assure the fixes a
18、re effective today!确定措施有效Tomorrow!明年!One year from now!从现在起的一年!Never repeat a problem.不让问题重现 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateCongratulate the team团队庆祝团队庆祝88 D Problem Solving,Autoliv Standard AS63 Reinforces behavior 增加了领导力 Reinforces teamwork 增加了团队精神 Improves culture 提升了企业文化Recognize
19、 success!认可成功！Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-Private5 Why Analysis EXERCISES5个为什么分析个为什么分析练习练习 Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateWhy are we here?为什么我们在这里 Again,please teach this module in the future to your key people under you.再一次希望不久的将来您能把这一教程教再一次希望不久的将来您能把这一教程教授给您的下属。授给您的下属。We would be happy to help by team teaching if you would like.假如您情愿我们很乐意组织集体培训。假如您情愿我们很乐意组织集体培训。Problem Solving(SQ and Supplier Support-PrivateEnd结束结束