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1、实验题目：溶液表面张力的测定实验目的：1、测定不同浓度的正丁醇（n-C4H9OH）水溶液的表面张力。2、了解溶液表面的吸附作用，计算n-C4H9OH 分子的截面积。3、掌握气泡最大压力法测定溶液表面张力的原理和技术。教学重点：教学难点：教学准备：最大泡压法表面张力仪，数字式微压差测量仪，吸耳球，移液管（各种量程），容量瓶(50mL)，正丁醇（分析纯），蒸馏水。教学方法：讲授、演示和学生实验教学时数：5 学时教学过程：（教师授课思路、设问及讲解要点）一、实验原理1表面张力和表面吸附液体表面层的分子一方面受到液体内层的邻近分子的吸引，另一方面受到液面外部气体分子的吸引，由于前者的作用要比后者大，因
2、此在液体表面层中，每个分子都受到垂直于液面并指向液体内部的不平衡力，如图1 所示，这种吸引力使表面上的分子自发向内挤促成液体的最小面积，因此，液体表面缩小是一个自发过程。图 1 液体表面与分子内部受力情况图在温度、压力、组成恒定时，每增加单位表面积，体系的吉布斯自由能的增值称为表面吉布斯自由能（J m-2），用表示。也可以看作是垂直作用在单位长度相界面上的力，即表面张力（N m-1）。欲使液体产生新的表面 S，就需对其做表面功，其大小应与 S 成正比，系数为即为表面张力：W=S(1)在定温下纯液体的表面张力为定值，当加入溶质形成溶液时，分子间的作用力发生变化，表面张力也发生变化，其变化的大小决
3、定于溶质的性质和加入量的多少。水溶液表面张力与其组成的关系大致有以下三种情况：（1）随溶质浓度增加表面张力略有升高；（2）随溶质浓度增加表面张力降低，并在开始时降得快些；（3）溶质浓度低时表面张力就急剧下降，于某一浓度后表面张力几乎不再改变。以上三种情况溶质在表面层的浓度与体相中的浓度都不相同，这种现象称为溶液表面吸附。根据能量最低原理，溶质能降低溶剂的表面张力时，表面层中溶质的浓度比溶液内部大；反之，溶质使溶剂的表面张力升高时，它在表面层中的浓度比在内部的浓度低。在指定的温度和压力下，溶质的吸附量与溶液的表面张力及溶液的浓度之间的关系遵守吉布斯(Gibbs)吸附方程：=TdcdRTc（2）式
4、中，为溶质在表层的吸附量，单位mol m2，为表面张力，c 溶质的浓度。文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4
5、I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10
6、HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10
7、Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1
8、 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5
9、H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7
10、文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7若Tdcd0，则0，此时表面层溶质浓度大于本体溶液，称为正吸附。引起溶剂表面张力显著降低的物质叫
11、表面活性剂。若Tdcd0，则0，此时表面层溶质浓度小于本体溶液，称为负吸附。通过实验测得表面张力与溶质浓度的关系，作出c 曲线，并在此曲线上任取若干点作曲线的切线，这些切线的斜率就是与其相应浓度的Tc，将此值代入（2）式便可求出在此浓度时的溶质吸附量。吉布斯吸附等温式应用范围很广，但上述形式仅适用于稀溶液。吸附量用图解法比较方便。先以对c 作等温曲线，如图一所示，在曲线上取一点 D，通过 D 点作曲线的切线及平行横坐标的直线分别交纵坐标轴于B、B1，令 Z=BB1，则 Z=-c d/dc,/N m-1 B B1-D 0 C1 C/（mol dm-3）图 2、表面张力和浓度的关系将 Z=-c d
12、/dc 代入（3）式得=Z/RT（4）文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L
13、1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U
14、5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P
15、7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:
16、CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A
17、4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10
18、 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7在曲线上取不同的点，就可以得到不同的Z 值，从而求出不同浓度时的吸附量。2最大泡压法测表面张力原理测定溶液的表面张力有多种方法，较
19、为常用的有最大泡压法其测量方法基本原理可参见图 2。图 3 最大泡压法测液体表面张力装置图中 B 是管端为毛细管的玻璃管，与液面相切。毛细管中大气压为p0。试管 A 中气压为 p，当打开活塞 E 时，C 中的水流出，体系压力p 逐渐减小，逐渐把毛细管液面压至管口，形成气泡。在形成气泡的过程中，液面半径经历：大小大，即中间有一极小值 rminr毛，此时气泡的曲率半径最小，根据拉普拉斯公式，气泡承受的压力差也最大，有公式：rPPP/20此压力差可由压力计D 读出，故待测液的表面张力为2/pr（4）若用同一支毛细管测两种不同液体，其表面张力分别为1、2，压力计测得压力差分别为p1、p2则：2121/
20、pp(5)文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文
21、档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT
22、7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I
23、6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 H
24、J2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z
25、1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1
26、ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7若其中一种液体的1已知，例如水，则另一种液体的表面张力可由上式求得。即：22112/PKpp(6)式中11/PK称为仪器常数，可用某种已知表面张力的液体（常用
27、蒸馏水）测得。三仪器与试剂：最大泡压法表面张力仪，数字式微压差测量仪，吸耳球，移液管（各种量程），容量瓶(50mL)，正丁醇（分析纯），蒸馏水。四实验步骤1仪器准备与检漏将洁净的表面张力仪各部分连接好。将自来水注入抽气管C 中；在试管 A 中注入约 50mL 蒸馏水，使毛细管下端较深地浸入到水中；打开活塞E，这时抽气管 C 中水流出，使体系内的压力降低（注意：勿降低到使毛细管口冒泡），当压力计指示出若干压力差时，关闭活塞 E，停止抽气。若 2min3min 内，压力计指示压力差不变，则说明体系不漏气，可以进行实验。2仪器常数 K 的测量调节毛细管或液面高度，使毛细管口与水面相切。打开活塞E 抽
28、气，调节抽气速度，使气泡由毛细管尖端成单泡逸出，且每个气泡形成的时间为为6s10s。若形成时间太短，则吸附平衡来不及在气泡表面建立起来，测得的表面张力也不能反映该浓度之真正的表面张力值。在形成气泡的过程中，液面半径经历：大小大，同时压力差计指示值的绝对值则经历：小大小的过程，记录下绝文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 Z
29、U8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3
30、M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档
31、编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7
32、E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6
33、H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ
34、2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1
35、S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7对值最大的压力差，共三次，取其平均值。再由附录中，查出实验温度时水的表面张力1，则可以计算仪器常数3系列浓度正丁醇水溶液表面张力的测定配制 50mL 浓度为 0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08、0.10、0.12、0.16、0.20mol L-1各 50 mL 的系列正丁醇溶液，与测仪器常数相同的方法，按由稀到浓的顺序测定各溶液最大压力差，求出各溶液的表面张力。测定管每次应用待测液淌洗一次。五、数据记录和处理1、数据记录t=水的=仪器常数 K、=C/(molL-1)p/kpa
36、 p/kpa/N m-11 2 30 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.20 文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1
37、ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H
38、3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文
39、档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT
40、7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I
41、6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 H
42、J2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P72、数据处理（1）查出实验温度下水的表面张力，计算
43、仪器常数K。（2）计算系列正丁醇溶液的表面张力，根据上述计算结果，绘制c 等温线。（3）由c 等温线作不同浓度的切线，求(d/dc)T，并求出，绘制 c吸附等温线。（4）再利用计算机作c/图，拟合直线方程，由直线斜率可得饱和吸附量=1/A.计算出横截面积A（Am=1/(L*)=2.24e-19m2）Z C/(molL-1)=Z/RT(molm-2)文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P
44、7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:
45、CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A
46、4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10
47、 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N1
48、0Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L
49、1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U
50、5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7文档编码:CT7E6A4I6H10 HJ2N10Z1S8L1 ZU8U5H3M1P7六注意事项:1所用毛细管必须干净、干燥，应保持垂直，其管口刚好与液面相切。2读取压力计的压差时，应取气泡单个逸出时的最大压力差。3手动做切线时，可用镜面法。七思考题:1毛细管尖端为何必须调节得恰与液面相切?如果毛细管端口插入液面有一定深度，对实验数据有何影响？答：如果将毛细管末端插入到溶液内部，毛细管内会有一段水柱，产生压力P，则测定管中的压力 Pr 会变小，pmax 会变大，测量结果偏大。2最大泡压法测定表面张力