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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考阅读理解之猜词解题技巧（含相应练习）中英语阅读占的比重很大，在阅读的时候，学生往往会遇到一些生词，影响我们的阅读速度，其实大部分生词的意思都可以通过上下文的关系猜出来，下面就介绍一些猜词的技巧。总结：1定义法2举例法3对比法4因果法5重述法6生活经验7构词法8上下文语境一中考英语对阅读理解的要求：1)能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。2)能获取文章的具体信息。3)能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。4)能理解归纳文章的主旨要义，能为文章选定合适的题目。5)能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序以及段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。6)能根据上下文理解作者的态度、
2、观点及意图。二常见猜词题的设问方式：1. The underlined word is closest in meaning to the word? 2. We can learn from the underlined partthat 3. The underlined word“it”in paragraphrefers to 4. By saying, the author means to say that5.What does the underlined word “.” mean in Chinese?三猜测词义的方法：1.Definition定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句
3、）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。信号词：be, means, refers to, be called,定语从句The word“adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood.A 少儿期B幼儿期C 青春期D 成人期Theherdsman,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called acarpenter.His uncle
4、is azoologist, an expert who does research on animals.We are on thenight shift- from midnight to 8 a.m. - this week.2.举例法：信号词：such as, like, for exampleOn the farm they mainly raisepoultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.The word “poultry” means _.A.猎物B.家禽C.饲料D.牲畜You can
5、take any of theperiodicals: Crazy English, Reader, Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. Today young couples often spend lots of their money onappliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.3.Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。信号词：as, like, unlike, but，however,
6、 while, on the contrary，otherwiseMost of us agreed, however, Billdissented.1.Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quitesedateA. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic 2.She is usuallypromptfor all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.A.on time B
7、. late C. slowly D. quickly 3.In many countries there are two financial extremes, frompenuryto great wealth.A.便士B.温饱C.非常贫困D.虚弱4.Mrs. Smith isloquaciouswhile her husband is the silent type.A.多嘴多舌的B.寡言的C.沉默的D.可爱的Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remainsgrubby.John usually wa
8、stes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is verythrifty.Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost asplumpas mother, and much shorter.Most women in Ghana- the educated andilliterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in a
9、ddition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.A. repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sick4、因果法从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。That museum is soimmensethat it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A.very large B crowed C noisy D goodShe did not hear what you said because she was co
10、mpletelyengrossedin herreading.A.心不在焉的B.紧张的C.全神贯注的D.睡意浓的She wanted the hairdresser totrimher hair a bit because it was too long.A.修剪B.梳理C.清洗D.装饰One who isdestitutehas a great need for food and clothing.Hes such ashrewdbusinessman that he loses no money in any trade.The river is soturbidthat it is im
11、possible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的）.5.重述法信号词：or, that is ( to say ), in other words, to put it another way, i.e.In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have toirrigate, or water their fields.It will be very hard but also verybrittlethat is, it will break eas
12、ily.A easily broken B soft inside C very hard D expensiveAll whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong toodontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.6.生活经验Common sense普通常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地
13、理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词时，猜测词义的能力自然就会增强。When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives ananaestheticto make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.After inventingdynamite, Nobel became a very rich man
14、.A powerful explosive B lightC engine D electricity7.Word Formation构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。常用前缀dis- in- mis- un- non-其它前缀re- under-低于mini- over- 过度super-常用后缀-able 能的-less 不，无-wards 向Can you guess
15、 the right meanings?superman microwaveoverwork mispronouncehomeless nonsmokerrebuild eastwardsWe mustsafeguardthe world peace.A.protect B care or custody C prevent D to keep safe with a burglar-alarm8.上下文语境The official asked the man what hisoccupationwas. The man told him that he worked as an engine
16、er.A. work B. study C. name D. InterestHe sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understand anything. Even then all I couldmake outwas that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.A.see clearly B. understand C.expect总结：1定义法2举例法3对比法4因果法5重述法6生活经验7构词法8上下文语境专心-专注-专业