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1、新东方在线2006年考研英语强化班词汇电子版教材第一课时概述 学习词汇常见错误: 1. 单词的英文解释 1)阅读 汉语只能大概的描述英文,不能百分之百的精准的解释英文 2)翻译 翻译中某些单词在正确答案中对应的汉语释义是任何字典中没有的释义 3)完形填空 考察单词的深度而不是广度,考察单词细微的差异 The oppressed _ freedom. A. demand B. require C. request oppressop+press 压迫 press 挤,压pressure 压力 op=against oppressed 被压迫的 the+形容词 表示一类人 demand-ask f
2、or firmly, unwilling to accept a refusal require-the ruler set a rule with the expectation that it will be obeyed request-ask for politely 2. 单词的例句 1)精准地理解词汇 2)给写作打下扎实的基础 满意 satisfied/content 3. 单词的熟词生意 late 死亡 I can tell 我能够看出来 brave 勇敢的,勇敢地面对 brave the enemies gunfire, march on, march on, march on
3、, on, on. 4. 单词的发音 1)单词的发音是提高背单词效率的最好方法 2)单词的读音给未来的听力考试打下扎实的基础 community 社区 每天花 5 分钟时间跟读单词,读准后再背单词,这样单词才会背得立体 如何合理的安排考研的时间: 前两个月必须把考研词汇背三遍以上学习考研词汇的方法: 1. 形象化 chill 寒冷 snowflake 雪花,雪片 spark 火花 trail 足迹,轨迹 拖拉 “一读,二拼,三变形,四拆,五分,六开屏” 一读:就是所谓的谐音,就是根据读音联想到单词的意思 nutrition 营养,营养品-谐音“牛吹神” sentimental 情绪化的,多愁善
4、感的-谐音“三屉馒头” curse 诅咒-谐音“克死” 二拼:就是利用汉语拼音来记单词 schedule 时间表 = s+che(车)+ du(堵)+ le(了) leisure 休息,休闲 = lei(累)+ sure(一定) 三变形:把词汇进行形状上的改变,变成我们能够编故事的单元 garage 修车厂-g想成哥哥+(c)ar小汽车+age 年龄 gloom 忧愁,郁闷-gl(隔离)+(r)oom 四拆:就是把单词拆分成几个有效的记忆单元 discipline 纪律 scream 尖叫 fate 命运 doom 厄运 五分:单词去掉一、两个字母,成为认识的单词,就要用五分的方法 drown
5、 使淹死,使溺死-r 去掉 poise 使平衡-i 去掉 routine 例行的事情-in去掉 六开屏:通过熟悉的长单词来记忆不熟悉的短单词 engine 发动机,引擎-engineer 工程师 rub 摩擦-rubber 橡皮2. 组记 pie 馅饼lie 撒谎tie 领带die 死亡 car 小汽车scar 伤疤scare 惊吓scarf 围巾scarlet 猩红色的 shirt 衬衫skirt 裙子flirt 调戏dirt 脏话 3. 词根词缀 1)辨别单词 The radio can _ signals. A transmit B emit “mit”表示 send发射的意思 subm
6、it 提交 transmit 跨越式的发射 emit 发散性的散射 第二课时disturb,perturb turb = stir 搅动 turbine 涡轮机 turbulent 狂暴的 turbulent weather 骚动的 turbulent crowd 动荡的 turbulent period dis = away 分开 discard 丢弃,抛弃 per = through 从头到尾 perfect = per + fect(do) 完美的 pervade = per + vade(walk) 弥漫 2)统一单词的很多含义 compose 作曲,作图,写作,合成,由.组成 pos
7、e = put 摆放 expose 暴露,揭露 dispose 处理 depose 罢免 degrade com = together 一起confess 倾诉,忏悔,坦白 con = fully 完全的 condense 浓缩 conceal 隐瞒,隐藏 fess = speak 说 professor=pro(forward)+fess(speak)+or (人) 教授 progress=pro(forward)+gress(go) 进步 capital 首都,首写字母,资金,首要的 cap = head captain 3)猜测单词的含义 compressed air 压缩空气 cont
8、act 接触,联系 contact lens 隐形眼镜 intact forest 原始森林 I am explicit. explicit 明确的 plic = fold 折叠 implication 暗示 implicit adj. 暗示的,暗指的 4)词源 log 原木,航海日志 calciumcalculate(计算),calculator(计算器),calculus(微积分,肠/胃结石) barrolling bar(滚动条),barrier,barrel(bucket,drum),stay behind bars carcargo(货物),carpenter(木匠),career(
9、职业), derive 起源,来源 thrive 繁荣,昌盛 rival 竞争者,敌人 human hum 泥土 humble 卑微的 humid 潮湿的 wet 强调浸润的状态 humid 强调闷热 damp 强调阴冷moist 强调舒服 humiliate 使丢脸,使羞辱 spirit spir = breath conspire 共谋 aspire 渴望 expire 咽气,到期 inspire 激发灵感,鼓舞 5)扩充词汇量 progress 进步 regress = re(back)+gress(go) 退步,退化 第三课时congress = con(together)+gress
10、(go) 国会 egress = e(out)+gress(go) 出口 reputation 名誉,声誉 put(think) computer = com(together)+put(think)+er 计算机 dispute = dis(away)+put(think)+e 争吵 quarrel/argue/debate 4. 词根词缀与形象化相结合 duce = lead produce = pro(forward)+duce(lead) 生产 reduce = re(back)+duce(lead) 减少 educate = e(out)+duc(lead)ate 教育 seduce
11、 = se+ duce(lead) 勾引 suicide = sui(拼音衰)+ cide(cut) 自杀 cide = cut pesticide = pest(害虫)+I+cide(cut) 杀虫剂 dilemma 进退两难 di = away divorce = di(away)+vorce(声音) 离婚 5. 生活中学英文rejoice 快乐 safeguard 保护 founder found 创立,建立 foundation 基础 futures 期货 off face off 变脸 take off 起飞,脱衣服 see off 送别 lay off 解雇 modem 调制解调器
12、 modulate 调制 demodulate 解调 de 分解,拆开 code 密码 decode 解码 compose 合成 decompose 分解 detach 拆卸 tach 粘贴,附带 attach 粘贴,附带 detect 侦察,侦探 tect = cover 覆盖 protect 保护 inspire the next 激发的永远是下一次灵感 mind act upon mind 心相印 communication knows no bounds 沟通无极限 education/internet/reading knows no bounds extra value meal
13、超值套餐 extraordinary 非凡的 6. 熟练 逻辑串记 ability 能力 不能用 of连接,要用 to the ability to do sth. inability 无能in = no indifferent 漠不关心的 inevitable 不可避免的 incredible 不可相信的,难以置信的 credible 可相信的,可靠的 cred = trust 信任 credit 相信 credulous 轻信的 be credulous of ous 充满,大量 laborious 费力的 superfluous 过剩的,多余的 able 能的,有能力的 enable 使
14、能够 en 使动 enforce 执行 enlarge 扩大 enrich 使富有,使丰富 entitle 给.题名,赋予权利 The ticket can entitle you to have a free meal at the hotel. encourage 鼓励 discourage 使泄气 endure 长时间忍受 They endured tremendous hardship during their journey to the South Pole. dur 持续 durable duration 持续时期 bear 忍受(痛苦) tolerate 容忍 put up w
15、ith 容忍 第四课时unable 不能的,没能力的 un 表否定 unfold 展开 unload 卸载 unlike 不像 dislike 不喜欢alike 相象的(只作表语) You two are so much alike. unemployment 失业 employ 雇佣,使用 employer 老板 employee 雇员 er 动作的主动者 ee 动作的被动者 disable 使残疾 dis = no 表否定 disorder 混乱,失调 disguise 伪装 Tom escaped by disguising himself as a civilian. able 能的,
16、有能力的 be able to 主语一定是有生命的 capable 有能力的,能的 be capableof 主语可以是有生命的,也可以是无生命的 Our corporation is capable of coping with such a big order. ability 能力 capability 能力 capacity 能力 ability和 capability是同义词,没有区别(皆指做事情的能力) capacity 容量,能力(学习并掌握技能的能力) cap = catch She has great capacity of learning English. Capture
17、 俘虏,抓捕 escape = es(out)+ cap(catch) + e 逃跑 escape doing abrupt ab = off 偏离 abnormal 不正常的,变态的 odd 古怪的 eccentric 古怪的concentrate 集中 abuse 滥用 abuse ones authority abrupt 突然的,唐突的、鲁莽的 rupt = break 断裂 abrupt death 猝死 abrupt departure 突然离开 abrupt manner 鲁莽的言行 bankrupt 破产的,使破产 当所背动词在字典中的翻译是使动时,它一定是及物动词 acqua
18、int 使熟悉,使了解 I have acquainted myself with the custom here. acquaint oneself with I have been acquainted with the custom here. adapt 使适应 I have adapted myself to the weather here. locate 使坐落于 My school is located in Beijing. erupt = e(out)+ rupt 火山喷发,(战争危机)突然爆发 Violence erupted after the negotiation.
19、 interrupt 打断、打扰,暂时中断 inter 相互 interchange internet international interview interface Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the War. disrupt = dis(away)+ rupt 使混乱 Theaccident disrupted the transportation in the city. corrupt = cor + rupt 贪污腐败的,使败坏 The violence spreaded by the Internet h
20、as corrupted the minds of the young people. co = together 一起 collaborate cooperate coeducation 男女混校的教育制度 coincidence 巧合 colleague 同事 correspond 相符合,相一致 These goods dont correspond with my order. collapse 倒塌 collection 收藏品 lect = choose elect 选举 neglect 忽略 league 联盟 alliance 联盟 I am a champion.(实义名词)
21、 I won the championship.(抽象名词) 第五课时quality 素质 quality of leadership member 会员 membership fee 会费 a socialist league 实义名词 become stronger through alliance 抽象名词 recollect 回忆 remind 使想起 recall 回想起 remember 记得remember 瞬时想起 recollect/remind/recall 需要思考的时间,慢慢想起 recollect 强调动作 Please recollect what you saw
22、just now? remind/recall 强调结果 remindsb. of sth. The picture reminded me of my childhood. recall sth. to sb. The picture recalled the childhood to me. fect = do 做 affect = af(to)+ fect(do) 影响(身体上的) ,打动 Smoking affects our health. influence= in + flu(flow)+ ence 影响(思想上的) affection 爱慕 effect = ef(out)+
23、fect(do) n. 影响、效果,v. 促使 affect = have an effect on 对.有影响 dual effect 双重功效 dual spy Religion effected a real change in her life. infect 感染,传染 She infected the whole class with her humor. infectious 传染性的 infectious disease disinfected 已消毒的 defect = de + fect(do) 缺点、缺陷 many defects in the education sys
24、tem perfect = per(through)+ fect 完美的 imperfect 不完美的 以字母 m、p开头的形容词,否定前缀加 im moral - immoral mortal - immortal mature- immaturemodest 谦虚的,适度的,得体的 - immodest measurable immeasurable possible- impossible polite- impolite patient - impatient partial impartial fac = do 做 factory = fac(do)+ tory(场所、地点) 工厂
25、tory 场所、地点 dormitory = dorm(sleep)+ i + tory 宿舍 dormant volcano 休眠性的火山 atory 场所、地点 laboratory = labor + atory 实验室 observatory = observ(观察)+ atory 天文台、观察台 lavatory = lav(冲洗)+ atory 盥洗室、厕所 lav 流淌 lava 岩浆 facile 容易做的、轻易的 ile 易于.的 a facile success fragment 碎片,片断 the fragment of our conversation fragile
26、a fragile vase facilitate 使变得容易 facilities 便利设施 fic = do 做 magnificent = magn(large)+ i + fic + ent 雄伟壮观的 magn = large 大的 magnify 放大 ify 使动 purify 纯化purified water simplify 简化 simplify the procedure beatify 美化 identify 鉴别 humidify 使潮湿 magnifier 放大镜 humidifier 加湿器 sacrifice =sacr(神圣)+ I + fic(do)+ e
27、牺牲 sacr 神圣 sacred 神圣的 holy 神圣的 holy day 圣日 holiday artificial = art(艺术)+ I + fic + ial 人工的 false artificial intelligence 人工智能 intel 英特尔 significant = sign(标记,标志)+ i + fic +ant 重大的 sign 标记 sign 签字 resign 辞职 assign 分配,指派 designate 指明、表明 de 强调 detail 细节 His uniform designates his rank. efficient 高效的 an
28、 efficient secretary revolution revolutionary missionmissionary 传教士 deficient 缺乏的 deficit 赤字、亏损 be deficient in courage proficient 精通的 be proficient at swimming sufficient = suf(超过)+ fic(do)+ i + ent 充足的、大量的 abundant 丰富的、大量的 = an abundance of ample 充足的、大量的 adequate 足够的(刚刚够) suffer = suf(超过)+ fer(tak
29、e) sur = 超过 surface 表面、平面 surpass 超过 surplus = sur + plus(加) 赢余 export surplus 顺差 surplus = sur + plus(加) 赢余 viv 活 revive survivor = sur + viv(活)+ or 幸存者 survive 幸存于 第六课时词汇 come income 收入 large income outcome 结果 come out 结果是 I came out first in the exam. break out 爆发outbreak vent,ven = come invent 发
30、明;捏造 discover convincing invent a convincing excuse convince 使确信 convince sb. of sth. I have a very convincing example. uncover/discover/recover prevent 防止,预防 prevent sb. from doing sth. Nobody can prevent us from getting married. preview caution 警告 precaution 预防措施 adventure 冒险(寻求刺激) venture 冒险(有生命危
31、险,有财产损失) v. 冒险 joint venture 合资企业 venture her entire fortune advent 到来 with the advent of computer convention 1、大会 congress 2、大众接受的社会行为 custom 习俗 habit 个人习惯 event=e(out)+ vent(come) 事件 affair 社会上发生的事情 current affairs 时事 current 现行的 current price accident 偶然的事情,事故 accidental adj. 偶然的 accidental succe
32、ss by accident 偶然地I won the competition by accident. incident 附带的事情,小的事情 incidental adj. 附带的 incidental music 配乐 issue 争论的事情 revenue=re(back)+ ven(come)+ e 财政收入 avenue 大街 the avenue to success intervene=inter(相互)+ ven + e 干涉(第三方) The government intervened to stabilize the situation. convenient 便利的 c
33、onvenience n. convenient store adolescent adolescence Please contact me at your earliest convenience. ventilate 使通风 fragile facile My office is well ventilated. locate 使坐落于 My school is located in Beijing. 1、2、3 isolate=I + sol + ate 使隔绝,使孤独 identify sol = 单独 sole 唯一的 sole survivor solo 独奏 solar 太阳的
34、 eclipse solar eclipse 日食 solitary 独自的 lead a solitary lifedesolate 荒凉的;使荒凉 The floods desolated my village. sign designate detail in detail console 安慰 uni 表示“1” uniform 制服 universe=uni(唯一)+ vers(turn)+e 宇宙 version conversely 相反地 reverse=re(against)+ vers(turn)+ e unite 统一 unique 独特的 transform conve
35、rt Coal can be converted into gas. mono 表示“1” monopoly=mono + poly(sell) 垄断 monotonous=mono + ton(tone)+ ous 单调的 monologue=mono + logue(talk) 独白 dialogue 对话 diameter 直径 diagram 图表 bi 表示“2” biscuit 饼干 bikini 比基尼trikini monokini nokini bisexual bilingual 双语的 bilingual school/dictionary linguist 语言学家 b
36、imonthly 两月一次的 bicycle 自行车 recycle 回收 recyclable 可回收的 tri 表示“3” triangle=tri(三)+ angle(角) 三角形 triplet=tri(三)+ p + let(小的东西) 三胞胎中的一个 booklet 小册子 piglet 小猪 leaflet 小叶 wallet 钱包 walnuts 核桃 trivial=tri(三)+ vi(六)+ al(all) 琐碎的 I flew to HK via Beijing. deviate 偏离 第七课时deviate from his normal habit deprive
37、剥夺 deprive me of my civil rights cess = ced = ceed go access 通道,入口 have access to 有途径(接触,使用,接近) The poor children should have access to the good library. I have access to the most important information. I have access to the president. process=pro(forward)+ cess(go) 过程,工序 the new process for making s
38、teel excess=ex(out)+ cess(go) 过度,过分 excessive adj. 过度的,过分的 excessively adv. There is an excess of violence in this film. excessive demand modest 适度的 concession=con(together)+ cess(go)+ ion 让步 make a concession compromise=com(together)+ promise(承诺) 妥协,让步 predecessor 祖先;前辈,上一任 successor 继承者;下一任,晚辈 pro
39、ceed=pro(forward)+ceed(go)vi. 继续进行+ with proceed with our conversation exceed 超过,超出 exceed 500 dollars The result of the competition exceeded our expectation. surpass precede =pre + ced(go)+e 先于 The flash of lightning preceded the sound of thunder. preceding adj. 先前的 preceding page previous=pre(之前)+
40、 vi(路)+ ous precedent=pre(之前)+ ced(go)+ ent(人) 先例 without precedent in history recede=re(back)+ ced(go)+e 后退 The tide receded. hospital 医院 hospitable adj. 好客的;殷勤的 (反) hostile adj. 有敌意的 host 一大群,一大堆;主人(男)a host of difficulties hostess 女主人 air hostess host 主人(男)- (反) guest 客人 master - (反) servant 仆人 d
41、isease 疾病 ease n. 安适;容易 at ease 自由自在 I never feel at ease in his company. with ease 容易地 I passed the exam with ease. v. 缓解 ease my anxiety (同)relieve 缓解 relieve the burden of my family chronic 慢性的;长期难以解决的 eradicate=e(out)+ radic(根)+ ate 根除 radical 根本上的 eradicate the chronic problem of unemployment a
42、cute 急性的;深刻的 acute analysis flu 流感 fluent 流利的 She speaks fluent English. fluid 液体;adj. 不稳定的 fluid situation stable 稳定的 influence 影响(思想) affect 影响(身体) affluent 富裕的 superfluous 过剩的,多余的 super 1、超 superman supermarket superprofit 超额利润 supersonic 超音速的supersonic plane supernatural 超自然的 supernatural force
43、2、在上面 superstition 迷信 supervise 监督 supervisor 总监;物价员 flush 脸红 He flushed with anger. flesh flash prescribe 开处方;规定 prescription n. 处方 describe 描写 description n. 描写 inscribe 刻字 subscribe 订阅 subscribe to a magazine manuscript 手稿 manual 手工的 manufacture 制造,生产 emergency room 急救室 emergency case 急诊 emergenc
44、y 紧急事件 emerge v. 从隐藏中出现;问题发生或暴露 merge = sink The truth of the matter emerged. submerge=sub + merg(sink)+e 下沉 第八课时war 战争 Farewell to Arms. farewell party war 非常大的战争 World War II campaign=camp(营地)+aign 战役(规模较大)battle 战斗(规模小) bat=beat 击打 combat=com(together)+ bat(打) 战斗,格斗(规模比 battle小) fight vt. 抗击 figh
45、t the floods bow 弓 rainbow 彩虹 arrow 箭,箭头 sword 剑 as every sword has two blades Attitude makes everything. lance 长矛 freelance 自由职业者 patriot 爱国者 fire 开火 charge 冲锋 retreat 撤退;倒着走 decimate=deci(十分之一)+ mate(在一起的人) 大批杀害 decimal 十进制的 decade 十年 centi 一百分之一 centimeter 厘米 massacre=mass(大量的人)+ acre(英亩) 屠杀 slau