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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上人教版PEP教材在小学阶段涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种：to be句型、there be句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can引导的型、be going to句型等。现以5-8册书为例，简要总结如下：一 to be句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等，该句型广泛分布于各册教材中，其中58册的句型主要有：1. Whos your English teacher? Mr. Carter. 2. Whats he like? Hes tall and strong.3.
2、 Is she quiet? No, she isnt. She is very active.4. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but shes very kind.5. What day is it today? Its Wednesday.6. Whats your favourite fruit/food? 7. Theyre sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/ 8. When is your birthday? Its in May.9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bills birthday is
3、in June, too.10. Is her birthday in June? Yes, it is. 11. Whats the date? 12.This is Zhang Peng. 13. Where is the cinema, please? Its next to the hospital.14. How tall are you？ Im 164 cm tall. 15. You are shorter than me.16.Youre 4 cm taller than me. 17.How heavy are you? Im 48 kg.18. Im thinner tha
4、n you, and shorter.19. Whats the matter with you? My throat is sore.20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah? 二 there be句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。句型基本结构为：There is+ 可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。There are+可数名词复数+地点。该句型主要分布在第5册的Unit 5和Unit 6中，如：1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.2. There
5、is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.3. Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is.4. Is there a river? No, there isnt.5. Are there any pandas in the mountains? No, there arent.6. Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are.三 一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为，或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为：主语+行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时，要在动词原形后
6、面加s或es，其他人称作主语时则用动词原形，在问句及否定句中需要用助动词do或does。这种句型通常有一些标志词，如：usually often sometimes never always等。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit2&3，第6册Unit1&2, 第7册Unit4,5,6, 第8册Unit2中。如：Book5: 1. What do you have on Thursdays? We have English, math and science on Thursdays. 2. What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.3
7、. I do my homework.4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.5. I like fruit. But I dont like grapes.Book6: 1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 noon.3. What do you do on the weekend? Usually I
8、 watch TV and go shopping. 4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.5. Which season do you like best? I like winter best. 6. Why do you like summer/winter?Book7: 1. How do you go to school, Sarah? 2. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike.3.
9、I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.4. Does she teach math? Yes, she does.5. Does she teach English？ No, she doesnt. She teaches math.6. What does your mother do? What does your father do? 7. Where does she work? She works in a car company.8. How does she go to work? She goes t
10、o work by bus.9. Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.10. Where does the cloud come from? It comes from the vapour.11. Where does the vapour come from? It comes from the water in the river.12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.13. How do you do that? Book8: 1. My nose hu
11、rts.2. How do you feel? I feel sick. How does Amy feel? 3. You look so happy. You look sad today. 四 现在进行时句型：表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件，或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。标志词是：now 也常用在Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为：be动词（am, is, are）+动词现在分词(v. ing)。该句型主要分布在第6册Unit4, 5, 6中。如：1. What are you doing? Im doing the dishes. Im reading a boo
12、k.2. Grandpa is writing a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.3. He is writing an e-mail in the study.3. What is it doing ? Its eating bananas. 4. What is she doing ? Shes jumping. 5. What are they doing ? Theyre swimming. They re climbing trees.6. Are you eating
13、lunch? No, we arent.7. Are they eating the honey? Yes, they are.8. Is he playing chess? Yes, he is. 9. Is she counting insects? No, she isnt.五 一般过去时句型：表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。句型基本结构为：主语+动词过去式+其他。标志词通常是：yesterday, last week , last year 等，在问句与否定句中要用助动词did。该句型分布在第8册Unit3&4中。如：1.What did you do last wee
14、kend? I played football.2. Did you help them clean their room? Yes, I did.3.What did you do yesterday? I went fishing.4. Did you read book? Yes, I did.5. Did you clean your room? No, I didnt.6.Where did you go on your holiday? I went to Xinjiang.7. What did you do there? I sang and danced with my ne
15、w friends.8. How did you go there？ I went by train.此外，一般过去时也可用来表示客气的询问。如：Book3 Unit5, Book 5 Unit3中的：What would you like for lunch? Id like some 六 情态动词can引导的句型：表示有能力做某事，can后面的动词要用原形。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit4和第7册Unit1中。如：Book4: 1. What can you do? I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals. 2. I can water th
16、e flowers. 3. Can you make the bed? No, I cant. 4. Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.Book7: How can I get to Zhongshan Park? You can go by the No. 15 bus.七 将来时：我们的教材中出现过两种表示将来时的句型，即：will和be going to句型，主要以be going to句型为主，表示将要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要结构：am/is/are + going to + v.原形。标志词有：tomorrow next weekend thi
17、s morning this weekend nextbe going toBook7: 1. What are you going to do this weekend? I am going to visit my grandparents.2. Where are you going? I am going to the cinema.3. How is he going to Beijing? He is going to Beijing by plane.4. When is she going to Xiashan? She is going to go there at 9:00
18、 am你本可以用那些和他们一起抱怨人生的时间，来读一篇有趣的小说，或者玩一个你喜欢的游戏。渐渐的，你不再像以往那样开心快乐，曾经的梦想湮灭在每日回荡在耳边的抱怨中。你也会发现，尽管你很努力了，可就是无法让你的朋友或是闺蜜变得更开心一些。这就不可避免地产生一个问题：你会怀疑自己的能力，怀疑自己一贯坚持的信念。我们要有所警惕和分辨，不要让身边的人消耗了你，让你不能前进。这些人正在消耗你。01. 不守承诺的人承诺了的事，就应该努力地去做到。倘若做不到，就别轻易许诺。这类人的特点就是时常许诺，然而做到的事却是很少。于是，他的人生信用便会大大降低，到最后，也许还会成为一种欺诈。如果发现身边有这样的人，应
19、该警惕，否则到最后吃苦的还是自己。02. 不守时间的人俗话说浪费别人的时间就等于谋财害命，所以不守时间也就意味着是浪费别人的时间。与这种人交往的话，不仅把自己的时间花掉了，还会带来意想不到的麻烦。03. 时常抱怨的人生活之事十有八九是不如意的，这些都是正常的。我们应该看到生活前进的方向，努力前进。而不是在自怨自艾，同时还把消极的思想传递给别人。这样的人呢，一遇到困难便停滞不前，巴不得别人来帮他一把。本来你是积极向上的，可是如果受到这种人的影响，那么你也很有可能会变成这样的人，所以应该警惕。04. 斤斤计较的人凡事都斤斤计较的人，看不到远方的大前途，一味把精力放在小事上。比如两个人去吃饭，前提是
20、AA制。然后饭吃好后他多付了5毛，最后他说我多付了5毛，你抽空给我吧。如此计较的人，失去了知己，也不会有很大的前途。05. 不会感恩的人你善心地帮助了他，可是他却不以为然，而且还想当然的认为这是应当的。多次地帮助，换来的没有一句感谢的话语，更有甚者，还在背后说别人的坏话，真是吃力不讨好。06. 自私自利的人以自我为中心，不会考虑别人的感受，想怎样就是怎样，也不会考虑大局，只为自己的感受。这种人，为了达到自己的私利会不择手段。如果看完以上的描述，你的脑海里冒出一张张熟悉的脸，显然，你正在被人日复一日地消耗着。这种消耗绝对可以毁你于无形之中。这些方法带来阳光那么，如何给自己搭建一个严严实实的保护网
21、，让自己始终正能量爆棚，每一分钟都是恣意的阳光呢？跟着我们下面这五步做吧！他们继续往前走。走到了沃野，他们决定停下。被打巴掌的那位差点淹死，幸好被朋友救过来了。被救起后，他拿了一把小剑在石头上刻了：“今天我的好朋友救了我一命。”一旁好奇的朋友问到：“为什么我打了你以后你要写在沙子上，而现在要刻在石头上呢？”另一个笑笑回答说：“当被一个朋友伤害时，要写在易忘的地方，风会负责抹去它；相反的如果被帮助，我们要把它刻在心灵的深处，任何风都抹不去的。”朋友之间相处，伤害往往是无心的，帮助却是真心的。在日常生活中，就算最要好的朋友也会有摩擦，也会因为这些摩擦产生误会，以至于成为陌路。友情的深浅，不仅在于朋友对你的才能钦佩到什么程度，更在于他对你的弱点容忍到什么程度。学会将伤害丢在风里，将感动铭记心底，才可以让我们的友谊历久弥新！友谊是我们哀伤时的缓和剂，激情时的舒解剂；是我们压力时的流泻口，是我们灾难时的庇护所；是我们犹豫时的商议者，是我们脑子的清新剂。但最重要的一点是，我们大家都要牢记的：“切不可苛求朋友给你同样的回报，宽容一点，对自己也是对朋友。”爱因斯坦说：“世间最美好的东西，莫过于有几个头脑和心地都很正直的朋友。”专心-专注-专业