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1、高一英语导学 M4 Unit 1 Women of achievementGrammar 学习目标1. 初步了解主谓一致的意义和基本用法2. 熟练使用和掌握主谓一致的使用I. Pre-view：Finish the following exercises:1. The boy _ diving. （be ）2. They _ diving. （be ）3. Both Jack and Tim _ diving. （be ）4. Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking. （be ）5. All of them _ diving. （be ）6. Mike and Bob _
2、 workers. （be ） 7. Both Mike and Bob _workers. （be ）8. Neither Mike nor Bob _a teacher. （be ）9. Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English.10. All of them _ workers. （be ）11. None of them _ (know) how to teach English.II语法主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：A语法一致原则1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1) He and I
3、 _both students of this school. 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。(2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 Eg: 1. The singer and dancer_ (be) going to give us a performance. 2.The singer and a dancer_ (be) going to give us a performance. 2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing _ (seem
4、) very important. Collecting stamps _ (be) his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who _ (enjoy) singing may join us. Tom, who _(be) your friend, should help you.4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主
5、语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如： The teacher, together with his students, _ (be) planting trees in the street. B就近原则1.either . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。1).Neither you nor I _ (be) wrong. 2).There _ (be) a cup of tea and some apples on the tab
6、le.3).Not only the students but also the teacher _ (wish) for a holiday. C概念一致原则所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。1).All of the apples _ (be) rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。2).All of the apple _ (be) rotten. 整个
7、苹果都烂了。 3).None of the money_ (be) left. 没有剩下一点钱。2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。1). Half of the students _ (have) finished their composition. 2). Half of the apple _ (be) bad. 3). About 60 percent of the students in our school _ (
8、be) boys. 3 集合名词做主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。His family _ （be）going out. 他们全家要外出。His family _ (be)all music lovers. 他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。The
9、 police _ (be) searching for a thief.The cattle _ (be) ting grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。Nothing _ (be) found in the room. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复
10、数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如: The pair of shoes _ (be) worn out. The shoes _ (be) worn out.7. 某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。Physics _ (be) a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。 III.课后巩固一单词拼写1I. 1. The presidents delivered a speech for hours without _(参考) to hi
11、s notes.2. It is no use _ (争论) with him about the price.3. I _(打算) to send the letter but Im afraid I forgot.4. The _(观众) cheered up as the star turned up.5. Only by means of working hard can we _(实现)our dreams.6. We had a good rest in the _ (阴凉处) of the trees.7. It is a good custom that the young h
12、ave _ (尊敬) for the old in China.8. I find it _(值) to read the book again.9. Young as he is, he is always _(考虑周到) in everything.10.A man of success is even better if he keeps being _(谦虚).二单选题1. The paper for books and newspapers _ made of wood.A. are B. is C. has D. have2. The rich _ not always happy
13、.A. areB. is C. has D. have3. Many people say 10,000 _ a lot of money.A. dollar isB. dollars are C. dollars is D. dollar are4. The teacher, with 6girls and 8 boys of her class, _visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. was B. were C. had been D. would be5. Twenty-five thousand dollars _ the a
14、verage income for a four-person family living in a medium-sized community in the country now.A. are B. is C. will be D. be6. Our class _ all fond of singing English songs and we can sing _ than others.A. is, many more B. are, many more C. is ; much more D. are; much more7. All the employees except t
15、he manager _ to work online at home.A. encourages B. Encourage C. Is encouraged D. are encouraged8. He is the only one of the students who _ elected.A. are B. have C. has D. is9. Mary as well as her sisters _.Chinese in China.A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study10. I, who _ your teach
16、er ,will try my best to help you with your study. A. be B. am C. areD. is11. One and a half _ left on the table. A. bananas is B. banana are C. bananas are D. banana is12. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be13. It is not you but
17、 I _ to blame for not having cleaned the dirty windows the other day. A. that am B. that are C. which am D. who14. The number of people who can afford to buy their own house _ more than 80%, but a number of houses _. A. are; hasnt been built B. are; has built C. is; havent been built D. is , have built学生反馈教师评价