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1、English for Mechanical Engineering机械工程专业英语常州工学院机电工程学院徐红丽1机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语预备知识预备知识一、预备知识一、预备知识nFixtureAfixtureisaworkholdingorsupportdeviceusedinthemanufacturingindustry.Whatmakesafixtureuniqueisthateachonisbuilttofitaparticularpartorshape.Themainpurposeofafixtureistolocateandinsomecasesholdaworkpiec
2、eduringeitheramachiningoperationorsomeotherindustrialprocess.Ajigdiffersfromafixtureinthatitguidesthetooltoitscorrectpositioninadditiontolocatingandsupportingtheworkpiece.Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design2机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语预备知识预备知识一、预备知识一、预备知识Theprimarypurposesofjigsandfixturesisto:nReducethecostofpr
3、oductionnMaintainconsistentqualitynMaximizeefficiencynEnableavarietyofpartstobemadetocorrectspecifications Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design3机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语预备知识预备知识一、预备知识一、预备知识GrippersbyZAYTRANareuniversallyapplicableout-of-the-box.Theuseofthird-generationZAYTRANtechnologyandtheselectionofsupertou
4、gh,corrosiveresistantmaterialsallowtheseproductstoefficientlyserveday-to-dayaswellastough,nearlyimpossiblegripperapplicationsBUTarepricedcompetitivelywithcommodityproducts!ZAYTRANgrippertechnologyprovidesprecisioninextremeenvironmentssuchascleanrooms,grinderloading,automotive,anddiecasting.Lesson 34
5、 Automatic Fixture Design4机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语预备知识预备知识一、预备知识一、预备知识nZAYTRANspatentedhelixsynchronizationsystemfacilitatesextremelylongstrokes.Inaddition,wearisminimizedbecausetheforceandsynchronizationsystemsareindependent.Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design5词词汇汇二、词汇二、词汇机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Batch-size 批量批量 spe
6、cial fixture 专用夹具专用夹具 group fixture 成组夹具成组夹具 modular fixture 组合夹具组合夹具 highly flexible fixture 高柔性夹具(随行夹具)高柔性夹具(随行夹具)Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design6机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Traditional synchronous grippers for assembly equipment move parts to the gripper centre-line,assuring that the parts will be in a kn
7、own position after they are picked from a conveyor or nest.课文分析课文分析三、课文分析三、课文分析用于装配设备的传统同步卡爪把零件移动到夹具中用于装配设备的传统同步卡爪把零件移动到夹具中心上,以确保零件从传送机上或从备件盘上取出后心上,以确保零件从传送机上或从备件盘上取出后置于已知位置上。置于已知位置上。However,in some applications,forcing the part to the centre-line may damage either the part or equipment.然而在某些应用场合,强制
8、使零件移动到夹具的中然而在某些应用场合,强制使零件移动到夹具的中心线上时,可能导致零件或设备的破坏。心线上时,可能导致零件或设备的破坏。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design7机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语When the part is delicate and a small collision can result in scrap,when its location is fixed by a machine spindle or mould,or when tolerance are tight,it is preferable to make a g
9、ripper comply with the position of the part,rather than the other way around.课文分析课文分析当该零件易损而且小小碰撞可能导致报废时,或当当该零件易损而且小小碰撞可能导致报废时,或当其位置是由机床主轴或模具来确定时,再或者当公其位置是由机床主轴或模具来确定时,再或者当公差要求很精密时,那宁可让夹具去适应零件位置,差要求很精密时,那宁可让夹具去适应零件位置,而不是相反而不是相反 Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design8机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语For this tasks,Zaytra
10、n Inc.Of Elyria,Ohio,has created the GPN series of non-synchronous,compliant grippers.课文分析课文分析为实现这些工作任务,美国俄亥俄州伊利里亚市的为实现这些工作任务,美国俄亥俄州伊利里亚市的zaytran公司已经开发了公司已经开发了GPN系列的非同步系列柔顺系列的非同步系列柔顺性夹具性夹具 Because the force and synchronization systems of the grippers are independent,the synchronization system can be
11、 replaced by a precision slide system without affecting gripper sizes range from 5lb grippingforce and 0.2 in.stroke to 400lb gripping force and 6 in.stroke.因为夹具的夹紧力和同步装置是各自独立的,用精密因为夹具的夹紧力和同步装置是各自独立的,用精密的滑移装置来替换同步装置而不影响夹具的作用力。的滑移装置来替换同步装置而不影响夹具的作用力。夹具规格范围是从英寸行程、夹具规格范围是从英寸行程、5磅夹紧力到磅夹紧力到6英寸行程、英寸行程、400
12、磅夹紧力。磅夹紧力。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design9机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Production is characterized by batch-sizes becoming smaller and smaller and greater variety of products.课文分析课文分析现代生产的特征是批量变得越来越小而产品的品种现代生产的特征是批量变得越来越小而产品的品种规格越来越多。规格越来越多。Assembly,being the last production step,is particularly vulnerable to
13、 changes in schedules,batch-sizes,and product design.因此,生产的最后阶段因此,生产的最后阶段-装配因生产计划、批量装配因生产计划、批量和产品设计的变更而显得特别脆弱。和产品设计的变更而显得特别脆弱。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design10机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语This situation is forcing many companies to put more effort into extensive rationalization and automation of assemble that
14、 was previously the case.课文分析课文分析这种情形正迫使许多公司更多地致力于广泛的合理这种情形正迫使许多公司更多地致力于广泛的合理化改革和前面提到过的那样装配自动化。化改革和前面提到过的那样装配自动化。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design11机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语课文分析课文分析Although the development of flexble fixtures fell quichky behind the development of flexible handling systems such as industria
15、l robots,there are,nonetheless,promising attemptsto increase the flexibility of fixtures.尽管柔性夹具的发展很快落后于柔性输送处理装置尽管柔性夹具的发展很快落后于柔性输送处理装置的发展,如落后于工业机器人的发展,但仍然试图的发展,如落后于工业机器人的发展,但仍然试图增加夹具的柔顺性。增加夹具的柔顺性。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design12机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语The fact that fixtures are the essential product spec
16、ific investment of a prouction system intensifies the economic necessity to make the fixture system more flexible.课文分析课文分析事实上,夹具是重要的装备事实上,夹具是重要的装备生产装置的专项投生产装置的专项投资就加强了使夹具更加柔性化在经济上的支持。资就加强了使夹具更加柔性化在经济上的支持。Fixture can be divided according to their flexibility into special fixtures,group fixtures,modul
17、ar fixtures and highly flexible fixtures.根据夹具的柔性,可以分为:专用夹具、组合夹具、根据夹具的柔性,可以分为:专用夹具、组合夹具、标准夹具和高柔性夹具标准夹具和高柔性夹具Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design13机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Flexible fixtures are characterized by their high adaptability to different workpieces,and by low change-over time and expenditure.课文分析课文分析柔性
18、夹具是具有对不同工件的高适应性、和装卸工件时间短、低成本的特点 Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design14机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语课文分析课文分析Flexible fixtures with form variability are equipped with variable form elements(e.g.,needle-cheek,multileaf,lamella-cheek),modular workpiece nonspecific holding or clamping-.,pneumatic modular holding-fixtur
19、es and fixtures kits with noveable elements.)or with fictile and hardening.,particulate-fuidized-bed-fixtures and themal clamping-fixtures).结构形式可变的柔性夹具可装备不同结构的零件(例结构形式可变的柔性夹具可装备不同结构的零件(例如:定位销如:定位销-支承板,多片式可调零件和厚支承板,多片式可调零件和厚-薄支承板薄支承板),成组工件的非专用夹持或夹紧元件,成组工件的非专用夹持或夹紧元件(例:气动组合夹例:气动组合夹具和带有可调元件的夹具配套件具和带有可调
20、元件的夹具配套件),或者装备有陶瓷或,或者装备有陶瓷或淬硬的中介物质淬硬的中介物质(例如粒子流化床夹具和热夹紧夹具例如粒子流化床夹具和热夹紧夹具)。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design15机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Independent of the flexibility of a fixture,there are several steps required to generate a fixture,in which a workpiece is fixed foe aproduction task.课文分析课文分析为完成某生产任务零件要在夹具中装
21、夹,有几个与为完成某生产任务零件要在夹具中装夹,有几个与夹具柔顺性无关的生产夹具的步骤。夹具柔顺性无关的生产夹具的步骤。The first step is to define the necessary position of the workpiece in the fixture,based on the unmachined or base part,and the working features.首先根据不加工表面或基面和加工表面,确定工件首先根据不加工表面或基面和加工表面,确定工件在夹具中所需的位置,在夹具中所需的位置,Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Des
22、ign16机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Following this,a combination of stability planes must be selected.These stability planes constitute the fixture configuration in which the workpiece is fixed in the defined position,all the forces or torques are compensated,and the necessary access to the working features is ens
23、ured.课文分析课文分析接着,必须选择若干稳定平面的组合,这些稳定平面就构成了工件被固定在夹具中确定位置上轮廓结构,均衡所有各力和力矩,而且必须保证能接近加工表面。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design17机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Finally,the necessary positions of moveable or modular fixture elements must be calculated,adjusted,or assembled,so that the workpiece is firmly fixed in the fixture
24、.课文分析课文分析最后,必须计算、调整、装配可移动的或组合夹具最后,必须计算、调整、装配可移动的或组合夹具元件的所需的位置,以便使工件牢牢地被夹紧在夹元件的所需的位置,以便使工件牢牢地被夹紧在夹具中。具中。Through such a procedure,the planning and documentation of the configuration and assembly of fixture can be automated.依据这样的程序,夹具的组装和装配可实现自动化。依据这样的程序,夹具的组装和装配可实现自动化。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Desig
25、n18机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语The configuration task is to generate a combination of stability planes,such that fixture forces in these planes will result in workpiece and fixture stability.课文分析课文分析组合的任务就是要产生若于稳定平面的组合,这样组合的任务就是要产生若于稳定平面的组合,这样在这些平面上的各夹紧力将使工件和夹具稳定。在这些平面上的各夹紧力将使工件和夹具稳定。This task can be accomplish
26、ed conventionally,interactively or in a nearly fully automated manner.这个任务可按常规、用人这个任务可按常规、用人机对话或几乎完全自动机对话或几乎完全自动化的方式来完成化的方式来完成 Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design19机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语The advantages of an interactive or automated configuation determination are systematic fixture design process,a reductio
27、n of necessary designers,a shortening of lead time and tetter match to the working condition.课文分析课文分析以人以人机对话即以自动化方式确定夹具结构造型的机对话即以自动化方式确定夹具结构造型的优点是可有组织有规划进行夹具设计,减少所需的优点是可有组织有规划进行夹具设计,减少所需的设计人员,缩短研制周期和能更好地与加工条件相设计人员,缩短研制周期和能更好地与加工条件相匹配。匹配。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design20机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语In short,a
28、significant enhancement of fixture productivity and economy can be achieved.课文分析课文分析简言之,可显著提高夹具生产率和经济效益。简言之,可显著提高夹具生产率和经济效益。With the full preparation of construction plans and a bill of materials,a time saving of up to 60%in achieving the first assembly can be reaized.在充分准备了构造方案和物料清单的情况下,在完在充分准备了构造方
29、案和物料清单的情况下,在完成首次组装可以成功实现节约时间达成首次组装可以成功实现节约时间达60。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design21机械工程专业英语机械工程专业英语Hence,an aim of the fixture configuration process is the generation of apropriate documents.课文分析课文分析因此夹具结构造型过程的目的是产生合理的工艺因此夹具结构造型过程的目的是产生合理的工艺文件。文件。The following sections will describe a program procedure for automated fixture desgn and an application example.下面的部分将阐述自动化夹具设计的程序编制步骤下面的部分将阐述自动化夹具设计的程序编制步骤和应用实例。和应用实例。Lesson 34 Automatic Fixture Design22