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1、2016 医学考博英语写作常用词汇精选一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类( 一) 医疗、医院、医生1 、医生 doctor ， medical worker physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 doctor in charge 主治医生 intern 实习医生 resident doctor 住院医生2 、医院 hospitalThe specialized hospital 专科医院The general hospital 普通医院The community hospital 社区医院The public hospital 公立医院The private hospital
2、私立医院 clinc 门诊Conventional clinic treatment 普通门诊 ward 病房 medical team 医疗队3、 医疗手段(1) drug therapy 药物治疗(2) medical treatment 医疗(3) medical instruments 医疗器械(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis(5) prevent (v) 预防(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 |(7) administrate a drug 给药(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病(9) TCM
3、中医 r (10) chemotherapy 化疗(11) medical service 医疗服务(12) complain of (v) 主述(13) health checkup 健康普查(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ;4 、医疗体制(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷(3 )medical accident 医疗事故(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系(
4、5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金5 、医德(1 )medical ethics 医德(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心(3 )humanistic 人道主义的(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的(5 )considerate 体贴周到的(6 )resolute 果断的(7 )service quality 服务质量(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people6 、病人(1 )patient(2 )the
5、 sick(3 )the invalid(4) sufferer(二) 疾病1 、 患病的表达方式 suffer from (v )(2) contract (v )(3) people with some disease 患病人群(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人2 、必知疾病名称heart disease 心脏病hypertension 高血压kidney problem 肾病stroke 中风shock 休克the blood pressure 血压diabetes 糖尿病obesity 肥胖terminal illne
6、ss 绝症incurable illness 不治之症cancer 癌症tumor 肿瘤cancer of early stage 癌症晚期emergency case 急症serious illness 重症the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病short breath 短气syndrome 综合症complications 并发症process 病程bone loss 骨质疏松short-sighted (adj) 近视3、传染病(1) 感染源virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介
7、(2 ) 传染疾病some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫influenza ( 简)flu 流感infection contagion 传染病infectious diseases 传染病AIDS 艾滋病SARS(3) 传染epidemic (a) 流行的，传染的block the channel (v)disseminate 传播cross infection 交叉感染5 、疾病、病痛illnesssicknessdiseaseailmentsuffering6 、疾病的转归(1 ) 疾病的恢复recover recoveryrecuperateresum
8、erecruitreinstate(2) 疾病的恶化deteriorateaggravateexasperatemake worseworsen7、其他相关词汇outbreak and spendingbreak out (v) 疾病的爆发spread (v) 疾病的扩散the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率taboo 禁忌speed up blood circulation (v)improve the cardiac functions (v)side effects 副反应complain of 主述(三) 药物1 、药物名称medicinedru
9、gremedymedicinal herbspowertabletpill2 、药物用法开药 ：prescribe some medicine for some diseaseswrite out a proscription服药take a medicine治的疾病a remedy for some diseases3 、其他相关词汇drug therapy 药物治疗side effects 副反应drug abuse 药物滥用drugstore 药房over the counter 非处方药drug allergy 药物过敏drug poisoning 药物中毒prescription 处
10、方expenses for medicine 药费charges for medicinedrug rebate 药品回扣(四) 心理疾病1 、心理学专业词汇subhealth 亚健康psychological benefits 心理健康psychological problem 心理问题psychological consultation 心理咨询psychological obstacles 心理障碍mental obstacles 心理障碍psychological massage 心理按摩psychology 心理学 / 心理psychotherapy 心理治疗psychologica
11、l expert 心理专家2 、情绪词汇overcomedisappointdisappointedshy ，flushfrustrationfailurewillpoweroptimismoptimisticbe sensitive tonervoustensionalsad agony pessimism pessimisticconfident confidencestress pressuredepress depresseddepression depressive3 、疲劳相关词汇fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a
12、) fatigued(a) weary(五) 肥胖与营养1 、营养物质nutrient 营养素protein 蛋白质fat 脂肪glucose 葡萄糖vitamin 维生素sugar 糖类heat calories quantity of heat 热量carbohydrate 碳水化合物soft drink beverage 软饮料cholesterol 胆固醇2 、营养与饮食a well-balanced dietnutrition 营养nutritional 营养的二、医学写作其他常用词汇1. 下降、减少 reduction ，decrease ，decline ，diminution,
13、 drop，descend，go / come down ，fall2. 上升、增加 rise; go up; ascend;increase3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu;4. 食品安全 food safety5. 公共卫生突发事件 public health emergencies6. 应急反应 immediate response to7. . 关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people slivelihood/well-being &6IU8. 城乡卫生体系 urban-rural med
14、ical andhealth system9. 预防保健 disease prevention and health care10. 服务体系 service system A11. 讲究卫生 pay attention to hygiene12. 个人和环境卫生 personal and environmental hygiene 9i.13. 清淡的 lite14. 蛋白添加饮食 protein-complemented diet15. 预防的措施 preventive initiatives=preventive measures AN16. 人畜共患病 zoonosis=anthrop
15、ozoonosis. 人兽共患病17. 虫媒 insect pollination;18. 虫媒传染病 insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectiousdisease19. 肾病综合征 nephritic/renal syndrome;20. 爆发流行 break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak ofexplosion21. 传染( 及相关词 ) ：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious,transmission/
16、transmittable;!22. 传播途径 route of transmission, bird flu transmits byair/wind;person to person transmission23. 传播, 散布： diffuse ，prevalence ，spread ，transmit ，disseminate ，propagate/ propagationD24. 污染 pollution/ pollute ，contamination/contaminate25. 福祉 well-being, happiness26. 衰老 grow old;aging;senil
17、ity;senile s27. 每况愈下 from bad to worse28. 相似的 akin to=similar to29. 脓的, 化脓的 purulent 30. 脂肪肝 fatty liver31. 血压 hypertension32. 肠癌 Cancer of Rectum and Colon33. 亚健康 sub-health 834. 过劳死 death from overwork 35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 036. 养生 preserve ones health; nourishing of life; keep
18、 in goodhealth37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be groupedaccording to their origin, into three classes.=be categorizedaccording to/be roughly classified into three kinds38. 基本职责 =basic/ fundamental/essential/elementaryduties/responsibilities/obligations39. 基本原则 fundamental principle
19、/ rule, basic rule orprinciple40. 道德 morals, morality, ethics 均含“ 道德” 之意。 morals 多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality 指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。 ethics 多用于伦理方面， 指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。41. 民众 the (general) public ，the masses of the people ，thecommon people42. 合作者 co-worker; co
20、llaborator; copartner; co-agent43. 死亡人数 death toll ，deaths ，the number of people killedin/dying from44. . 归结为 boil down to;come down to45. 归因为 / 归功于 be attributable to ，be attributed to ，ascribeor attribute to ， oweto46. 归咎于 lay or put the blame on sb ，blameon，ascribe orattribute to ，impute to47. 大规
21、模 on a large scale ，extensive ，large-scale ，massive48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission ，become a pandemic ，massive attack/outbreak49. 表面上 on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial,seemingly50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causalrelationship/relations51. 孤立现象 an isolated phenomenon52.
22、 复杂的 complicated ，complex，sophisticated ，intricate53. 极端复杂性 extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy54. 低保 basic living allowances/subsistence allowances55. 养老保险 endowment insurance56. 退休养老金 retirement n57. 医疗改革 health care reform58. 激烈运动 strenuous exercise;vigorous activity59. 月经期 menstrual period
23、S60. 生活的节奏 the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace61. 婴幼儿保健 the infant health care62. 安乐死 euthanasia63. 得绝症的 terminally ill64. 临终关怀 =hospice care=end-of-life care !65. 濒临死亡的病人： dying patients ，terminally ill patients ，incurable patient吸二手烟 secondhand smoking ，also called “ involuntary smoking”or “ passive smoking ” .