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1、Web Service王凯 杨健榆 乔磊磊 纪元2015-09-24About Web ServiceA Web service communication between two electronic devices over a network.It is a software function provided at a network address over the Web with the service always on as in the concept of utility computing.From WikipediaAbout Web ServiceThe W3C d
2、efines a Web service generally as:A software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network.ExplanationDifferent software may use different programming languages,and hence there is a need for a method of data exchange that doesnt depend upon a particular progr
3、amming language.Most types of software can,however,interpret XML tags.Thus,Web services can use XML files for data exchange.-From WikipediaExplanationRules for communication between different systems need to be defined,such as:How one system can request data from another system.Which specific parame
4、ters are needed in the data requestWhat would be the structure of the data produced.(Normally,data is exchanged in XML files,and the structure of the XML file is validated against an.xsd file.)What error messages to display when a certain rule for communication is not observed,to make troubleshootin
5、g easierWeb APIA Web API is a development in Web services where emphasis has been moving to simpler representational state transfer based communications.Web API百度Web services that use markup languagesThere are a number of Web services that use markup languages:JSON-RPCJSON-WSPWeb templateWeb Service
6、s Description Language(WSDL)from the W3CXML Interface for Network Services(XINS)provides a POX-style Web service specification formatWeb Services Conversation Language(WSCL)Web Services Flow Language(WSFL)(superseded by BPEL)WS-Metadata ExchangeRepresentational state transfer(REST)versus remote proc
7、edure call(RPC)XML-RPC-XML-Remote Procedure CallWeb services that use markup languagesThere are a number of Web services that use markup languages:JSON-RPCJSON-WSPWeb templateWeb Services Description Language(WSDL)from the W3CXML Interface for Network Services(XINS)provides a POX-style Web service s
8、pecification formatWeb Services Conversation Language(WSCL)Web Services Flow Language(WSFL)(superseded by BPEL)WS-Metadata ExchangeRepresentational state transfer(REST)versus remote procedure call(RPC)XML-RPC-XML-Remote Procedure CallWeb services and Cloud如果一个软件的主要部分采用了网络服务,即它把存储或计算环节外包给其他网站了,那么我们就说
9、这个软件属于Web Service架构。Web Service架构的基本思想,就是尽量把非核心功能交给其他人去做,自己全力开发核心功能。比如,如果你要开发一个相册软件,完全可以使用Flickr的网络服务,把相片都储存到它上面,你只要全力做好相册本身就可以了。总体上看,凡是不属于你核心竞争力的功能,都应该把它外包出去。最近很红的云计算(cloud computing)或者云服务(cloud services),实际上就是Web Service的同义词,不过更形象一些罢了。它们不说你把事情交给其他计算机去做,而说你把事情交给云去做。Disadvantages of Local Service网络服
10、务是未来软件开发和使用的趋势,本地服务将用得越来越少,主要因为以下三个原因:本地资源不足。很多数据和资料,本地得不到,只有向其他网站要。成本因素。本地提供服务,往往是不经济的,使用专业网站的服务更便宜。这里面涉及硬件和人员两 部分,即使你买得起硬件,专门找一个人管理系统,也是很麻烦的事。可移植性差。如果你想把本机的服务,移植到其他机器上,往往很困难,尤其是在跨平台的情况下。Advantages of Web Service平台无关。不管你使用什么平台,都可以使用Web service。编程语言无关。只要遵守相关协议,就可以使用任意编程语言,向其他网站要求Web service。这大大增加了we
11、b service的适用性,降低了对程序员的要求。对于Web service提供者来说,部署、升级和维护Web service都非常单纯,不需要考虑客户端兼容问题,而且一次性就能完成。对于Web service使用者来说,可以轻易实现多种数据、多种服务的聚合(mashup),因此能够做出一些以前根本无法想像的事情。Development Tendency of Web Service在使用方式上,RPC和soap的使用在减少,Restful架构占到了主导地位。在数据格式上,XML格式的使用在减少,json等轻量级格式的使用在增多。在设计架构上,越来越多的第三方软件让用户在客户端(即浏览器),直接与云端对话,不再使用第三方的服务器进行中转或处理数据。在此输入标题输入文字在此录入上述图表的综合分析结论在此录入上述图表的综合分析结论在此录入上述图表的综合分析结论在此录入上述图表的综合分析结论“谢谢!