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1、必修五第四单元单词及语言点讲解第1页，本讲稿共63页11.不同寻常的，独特的不同寻常的，独特的12.帮助，协助，援助帮助，协助，援助13.助手，助理，售货员助手，助理，售货员14.递交，呈递递交，呈递15.职业，专业职业，专业16.专业的，职业的，专业人员专业的，职业的，专业人员17.同事同事18.渴望的，热切的渴望的，热切的19.集中，聚集集中，聚集20.集中，全神贯注于集中，全神贯注于unusualassistassistantsubmitprofessionprofessionalcolleagueeagerconcentrateconcentrate on第2页，本讲稿共63页21.业
2、余爱好者业余爱好者22.更新，使现代化更新，使现代化23.获得，取得，学到获得，取得，学到24.评估，评定评估，评定25.通知，告知通知，告知26.最后期限最后期限27.参加面试者，接受采访者参加面试者，接受采访者28.期间，同时期间，同时29.依赖，依靠依赖，依靠30.情况，病例，案例情况，病例，案例amateurupdateacquireassessinformdeadlineintervieweedepend onmeanwhilecase第3页，本讲稿共63页31.控告，谴责，指责控告，谴责，指责v32.因因-指责或控告指责或控告33.指责，谴责，控告指责，谴责，控告n34.故意地故意
3、地35.为了为了-36.否认，拒绝否认，拒绝37.怀疑的怀疑的38.犯罪的，有罪的，内疚的犯罪的，有罪的，内疚的39.（进退两难的）困境，窘境（进退两难的）困境，窘境40.需求，要求需求，要求accuseaccuse-ofaccusationdeliberatelyso as to dodenyskepticalguiltydilemmademand第4页，本讲稿共63页1.involve vt 包括；包含；牵涉；牵连（某人包括；包含；牵涉；牵连（某人/某物）某物）1)The strike involved many people.involve sb/sth in sth/doing sth
4、 使某人使某人/物参与某活动物参与某活动/陷入某种情况陷入某种情况 2)Dont involve me in solving your problem.3)He was involved in a heated discussion.4)The witnesss statement involves you in the robbery.许多工人参加了罢工。许多工人参加了罢工。你解决你的问题，不要把我拉进去。你解决你的问题，不要把我拉进去。他参与了一场热烈的讨论。他参与了一场热烈的讨论。证人的证词证明你与劫案有关。证人的证词证明你与劫案有关。第5页，本讲稿共63页2.assist help 帮
5、助；援助；协助帮助；援助；协助 1)Our monitor assists with many of our head teachers duties.2)Two men are assisting the police in the enquiries.3)你将协助史密斯先生准备一份报告。你将协助史密斯先生准备一份报告。总结：总结：班长帮我们班主任老师做了好多工作。班长帮我们班主任老师做了好多工作。有两个人协助警方进行对他们的询问。有两个人协助警方进行对他们的询问。You will be required to assist Mr.Smith in preparing a report.As
6、sist sb in/with sthAssist sb in doing sth第6页，本讲稿共63页 assistance assistant 4)Can I be of any _?3.Eager adj.full of interest or desire 热切的，热心热切的，热心的，渴望的的，渴望的 1)We are eager for success.2)全世界的人们都渴望和平。全世界的人们都渴望和平。3)Every child is eager to go to university.总结：总结：帮助，帮忙，帮助，帮忙，援助援助助手，助理，助手，助理，店员店员assistance
7、我们渴望成功。我们渴望成功。People all over the world are eager for peaceful life.Be eager for sthBe eager to do sth第7页，本讲稿共63页4.concentratefocus(ones attention,effort,etc.)on sth vt&vi 全神贯注；精神集中；专心致志于全神贯注；精神集中；专心致志于 1)I cant concentrate with all that noise going on.2)We must concentrate our efforts on improving
8、education.3)Having failed my English exams,I decided to concentrate on science subjects.4)The firm concentrates on the European markets吵闹声不绝于耳，我精神无法集中。吵闹声不绝于耳，我精神无法集中。我们必须致力于改革教育工作。我们必须致力于改革教育工作。我因英语考试不及格而决心专攻理科。我因英语考试不及格而决心专攻理科。这家公司把工作重点集中在欧洲市场。这家公司把工作重点集中在欧洲市场。第8页，本讲稿共63页5)You will find your colle
9、agues very eager to assist you,so you may be able to concentrate on your photography later if you are interested.concentrated adj.极度的；紧张的；加强的；浓缩的极度的；紧张的；加强的；浓缩的你将会发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。如果你对摄你将会发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。第9页，本讲稿共63页5.5.update update vt.vt.更新，使现代化更新，使现代化 n.n.最新信息
10、最新信息 1)1)然而，并非所有的网站每天更新。然而，并非所有的网站每天更新。2 2）贫困山村的生活很难跟上现代化社会。）贫困山村的生活很难跟上现代化社会。3 3）我回来时把比赛最新情况带给你。）我回来时把比赛最新情况带给你。However,not all websites are updated every day.Its hard for a poor village to update their lives in order to join a modern society.When I get back Ill bring you an update on the game.第10页
11、，本讲稿共63页6.aquire vt.获得，获得，取得，取得，学到学到 get vt.获得获得 obtain vt.获得获得 gain vt.获得获得 1）通过广泛的阅读，他获得了大量的信息。）通过广泛的阅读，他获得了大量的信息。2）他的财富是怎样得来的？）他的财富是怎样得来的？3）She _(获得得)a knowledge of the English by careful study.He acquired a lot of information through wide reading.How did he acquire his wealth?acquired第11页，本讲稿共63
12、页7.assess vt.评估，评定评估，评定 be assessed at.估价。钱估价。钱 assessment n.评价，看法评价，看法 1 1）这所房子估价）这所房子估价7575，000000元。元。）My income was_(_(估价估价)at 2 2 0,000 0,000 dollars.3 3）他看了看房子并且估算了其市场价值。）他看了看房子并且估算了其市场价值。The value of the house was assessed at 75,000元元assessedHe looked at the house and assessed its market value
13、.第12页，本讲稿共63页8.inform vt./vi告知，告知，通知通知 keep sb.informed of sth.告知，通知告知，通知 informed adj.有知识的，有知识的，获得信息的获得信息的 information n.消息，资料消息，资料 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事通知某人某事 accuse sb.of 控告某人某事控告某人某事 suspect sb.of 怀疑某人某事怀疑某人某事 remind sb.of 提醒某人某事提醒某人某事 rob sb.of 抢劫某人某事抢劫某人某事1)应该让他们知道那的形式。应该让他们知道那的形式。2)他向警方说有些钱
14、不见了他向警方说有些钱不见了.3)You will be informed when the book becomes available.They should be kept informed of the situation there.He informed the police that some money was missing.第13页，本讲稿共63页9.依赖，依靠依赖，依靠指望某人做某事指望某人做某事视情况而定吧。视情况而定吧。My wife and daughter depend on me for their living.Dont depend on me to hel
15、p you out.10.箱子，事例，情况，病例，案例箱子，事例，情况，病例，案例万一，免得万一，免得如果那样的话如果那样的话绝不绝不无论如何无论如何情况经常都是这样的情况经常都是这样的Depend on/uponRely onDepend on sb to doIt/that all depends.caseIn caseIn case ofIn that caseIn no caseIn any caseAs is often the case,第14页，本讲稿共63页The packed their own cases with toys.In case he comes,let me
16、know.In case of rain they cant go.In that case,wed better wait.In any case you must not tell a lie.11.指责，谴责，控告指责，谴责，控告控告某人某事控告某人某事The police accused him of murder.He was charged with stealing a car.accuseAccuse sb of sthCharge sb with sth第15页，本讲稿共63页12.so as to do 为了为了-(不用于句首不用于句首)近义近义 in order to d
17、o(可用于句首可用于句首)in order that 以便以便 so that 以便以便 他用功读书，以免数学考试不及格。他用功读书，以免数学考试不及格。理解自己以便更好地理解别人。理解自己以便更好地理解别人。_(为了为了)earn enough money,he worked late into the night.He worked hard so as not to fail the math exam.Understand yourself in order to understand others.In order to第16页，本讲稿共63页 我们很早出发，以便能赶上第一班火车。我
18、们很早出发，以便能赶上第一班火车。比较：比较：Its _ cold _ the pond frozen.到到-程度程度 她很善良，把那老妇人扶下了公共汽车。她很善良，把那老妇人扶下了公共汽车。13.guilty 犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的 adj.n.犯罪；罪行；内疚犯罪；罪行；内疚(u)We set out so that/in order that we could catch the early bus.sothat She was so kind as to help the old lady off the bus.guiltso(+adj.)as to do第17
19、页，本讲稿共63页.so as to do sth.(1)表示目的表示目的,“以便以便”其否定形式为其否定形式为so as not to.作目的状语时可以用作目的状语时可以用in order to 代替代替The test papers are kept secret so as to prevent cheating.(2)表示结果表示结果,“结果是结果是”He shot at the bird so as to shoot it.so adj./adv.+as to 如此如此以致于以致于,作结果状语作结果状语He was so angry as to be unable to speak.
20、Would you be so kind as to lend me your bike?such as to 如此如此以致于以致于,作结果状语作结果状语We are not such fools as to believe him.第18页，本讲稿共63页 他否认自己的罪行。他否认自己的罪行。我因没常去看望父母而感到内疚。我因没常去看望父母而感到内疚。这些少年犯了盗窃罪。这些少年犯了盗窃罪。他被判有罪。他被判有罪。Not guilty._(译译)He denied his guilt I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often
21、.The boys were guilty of theft.He was found/declared guilty.(被判被判)无罪无罪第19页，本讲稿共63页14.demand n.需求；要求需求；要求 vt.强烈要求强烈要求 _ adj.要求很高的；费力的要求很高的；费力的 强烈要求做某事强烈要求做某事 满足对水的需求满足对水的需求 满足顾客的要求满足顾客的要求 Phr.需求大需求大 优秀的秘书总是那里都需要。优秀的秘书总是那里都需要。demanding to meet/satisfy the demand for water to meet/satisfy the customers
22、 demands Good secretaries are always in demand.in(great)demand demand todo sth第20页，本讲稿共63页 她强烈要求立即做出解释。她强烈要求立即做出解释。我坚决要求见经理。我坚决要求见经理。这项运动既需要速度，又需要体力。这项运动既需要速度，又需要体力。a demanding boss/child _(翻译翻译)She demanded an immediate explanation.I demand to see the manager.She demanded that an immediate explanat
23、ion (should)be given.This sport demands both speed and strength.苛刻的老板苛刻的老板/难满足的孩子难满足的孩子第21页，本讲稿共63页15.process v.加工加工;处理处理;冲洗冲洗process a film/photos 冲洗胶卷冲洗胶卷/照片照片Pictures are being processed.图像正在处理中。图像正在处理中。process datas 处理数据处理数据process cakes 加工蛋糕加工蛋糕process n.步骤步骤;程序程序;过程过程;工作流程工作流程the process of 的步
24、骤或过程的步骤或过程in(the)process of 在在中中;在进行在进行中中Reforming the education system will be a difficult process.教育制度的改革将是一个艰苦的过程。教育制度的改革将是一个艰苦的过程。第22页，本讲稿共63页 16.appointment n.任命任命,委派委派,工作工作,职位职位,约会约会,预约预约 appoint v.任命任命,委派确定或决定某事物委派确定或决定某事物 appoint that sth.(shall be done)命令某事命令某事 take an appointment就职就职 by ap
25、pointment按照约定按照约定 keep/break ones appointment 守守/违约违约 make/fix an appointment with与某人约会与某人约会 They were appointed to be headmasters.他们被任命为校长。他们被任命为校长。I have an appointment for tea this afternoon.我今天下午有一个喝茶的约会。我今天下午有一个喝茶的约会。第23页，本讲稿共63页17.ahead of 有三个小伙子在我们面前。有三个小伙子在我们面前。我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作。我在最后期限的前几天完成了工
26、作。提前提前 拓展：前进；可以；往下说拓展：前进；可以；往下说18.department the Department of the Environment the English Department(时间、空间时间、空间)在在-前面前面Three boys were ahead of us.I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.ahead of time=in advancego ahead部门，部，处，系部门，部，处，系环境部环境部英语系英语系第24页，本讲稿共63页.accurate adj accurately
27、adv 准确的描述准确的描述/叙述叙述/计算计算 a highly accurate electronic compass19.senior adj n.a senior officer/manager/lecturer He is senior to me.精确的，正确的精确的，正确的 an accurate description/account/calculation 高度精确的电子罗盘仪高度精确的电子罗盘仪年长的，高年级的，高级的年长的，高年级的，高级的 高级军官高级军官/经理经理/讲师讲师他比我年长。他比我年长。年长者，前辈，上司，前任着，高年级生年长者，前辈，上司，前任着，高年级生
28、第25页，本讲稿共63页junior adj.较幼的较幼的,较小的较小的 superior adj.较高的较高的,优越的优越的,优良的优良的,不屈服的不屈服的注意注意:本身都是比较级形式本身都是比较级形式,无须再添加无须再添加more 或或-er;这三个词这三个词用于比较级中不与用于比较级中不与 than 连用连用,而与而与 to 连用。连用。他经不住诱惑。他经不住诱惑。2)This engine is superior in many aspects.这台发动机在很多方面性能都非常优越。这台发动机在很多方面性能都非常优越。1)He is not superior to temptation.
29、3)He is two years senior to me.他比我大两岁。他比我大两岁。4)I will have to ask my superior.N 上司上司 上级上级 那事我得先问一下我们公司老板。那事我得先问一下我们公司老板。5)He is wearing a superior smile.他脸上带有高傲的微笑。他脸上带有高傲的微笑。第26页，本讲稿共63页 I am referring to John Jones Senior not John Jones Junior.senior middle school junior middle school20.polish vt
30、Polish adj 用刷子把你的鞋子擦亮。用刷子把你的鞋子擦亮。我说的是老约翰我说的是老约翰琼斯，不是小约翰琼斯，不是小约翰琼斯。琼斯。高级中学高级中学初级中学初级中学擦亮，磨光，润色擦亮，磨光，润色波兰的波兰的Polish your shoes with a brush.第27页，本讲稿共63页 如果你把这篇文章润色一下，我们会把它打印在报纸上。如果你把这篇文章润色一下，我们会把它打印在报纸上。21.chief adj n.主要原因主要原因/问题问题/理由理由 chief executive officer(CEO)If you polish the article,we will pri
31、nt it in the newspaper.主要的，首席的主要的，首席的 首领，长官首领，长官the chief cause/problem/reason 首席执行官首席执行官 国家元首国家元首a chief of state第28页，本讲稿共63页 in chief 主编主编 主要地，尤其主要地，尤其 在首席地位，总在首席地位，总the editor in chief第29页，本讲稿共63页occupation,job,work,profession 辨析辨析:四个词都有四个词都有“工作工作”之意。之意。occupation 较为正式较为正式,经常用在填写表格上。经常用在填写表格上。job
32、 是可数名词是可数名词,可指一个单独任务可指一个单独任务,也可指工作职位。也可指工作职位。work 是不可数名词是不可数名词,泛指一切工作。泛指一切工作。profession 一般指需要专门技能一般指需要专门技能,尤指需要较尤指需要较 高教育水平的某一行业、职业高教育水平的某一行业、职业,如如 医生或律师。医生或律师。a.Please state your name,age and _ below.b.I have a few _ to do in the house this morning.c.Looking after children all day is hard _.d.Her h
33、usband is at the very top of medical _.occupationjobsworkproffprofession第30页，本讲稿共63页Language points第31页，本讲稿共63页1 His discussion with his new boss,Hu Xin,was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他与新上司胡昕的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。他与新上司胡昕的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。Be to do 表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性或注定要发表示职责、义务、意图、
34、约定、可能性或注定要发生的动作或事物。生的动作或事物。如：如：You are to report to the police.你应该报警。（义务）你应该报警。（义务）They are to be married.他们打算结婚。（意图）他们打算结婚。（意图）The book was not to be found.书找不到了。（可能性）书找不到了。（可能性）Every member of the party was to pay his own expense.参加晚会的所有人费用自理。（吩咐，命令）参加晚会的所有人费用自理。（吩咐，命令）第32页，本讲稿共63页2.His discussion
35、 with his new boss,Hu Xin,was to strongly influence his life.be to+动词原形动词原形,这里表示将来的时态这里表示将来的时态 (1)表示表示(命中命中)注定注定,结果是结果是 卓别林发展了他自己的表演方式卓别林发展了他自己的表演方式,结果是结果是 世界闻名。世界闻名。Chaplin developed his own manner of acting,which was to become world-famous.所有这些施与自然的错事都要遭报应的。所有这些施与自然的错事都要遭报应的。All these wrongs done
36、to nature are to be answered for.第33页，本讲稿共63页(2)表示按计划表示按计划,安排要发生的事情安排要发生的事情美国总统布什下周要来拜访中国。美国总统布什下周要来拜访中国。The American president Bush is to visit China next week.(3)表示义务表示义务,命令命令,应该做应该做你要在六点前完成这项工作。你要在六点前完成这项工作。You are to finish the work before six oclock.第34页，本讲稿共63页1)周杰伦十月六日将在上海演出。周杰伦十月六日将在上海演出。2)既
37、然他学习那么努力既然他学习那么努力,他一定会成功的。他一定会成功的。3)你应该遵守学校的规章制度。你应该遵守学校的规章制度。Jay Chou is to give a performance on Oct 6 in Shanghai.Since he studies very hard,he is to succeed.You are to obey the rules of our school.表示将来的六种句型表示将来的六种句型1.will/shall do 2.be going to do2.3.be doing 4.be to do3.5.do/does 6.be about to
38、do 第35页，本讲稿共63页3 cover vt.(1)盖盖,铺铺,覆盖覆盖(2)他用一块布盖上了这张桌子。他用一块布盖上了这张桌子。He covered the table with a piece of cloth.一辆路过的车溅了他一身泥。一辆路过的车溅了他一身泥。He was covered with mud by a passing car.(2)占有占有(时间时间,面积面积)这座城市占地这座城市占地10平方英里。平方英里。The city covers ten square miles.第36页，本讲稿共63页有记载的历史有有记载的历史有5000年了。年了。Recorded hi
39、story covers a period of five thousand years.(3)走完走完,走过走过他们一天走了他们一天走了20英里。英里。They covered 20 miles a day.(4)看完看完(多少页书多少页书)现在我已经读完现在我已经读完200页了。页了。I have covered 200 pages now.(5)支付支付(开支开支)这家公司几乎不能支付它的花费。这家公司几乎不能支付它的花费。The firm barely covers its costs.第37页，本讲稿共63页十美元将会支付我们这次旅行所用汽油的花费。十美元将会支付我们这次旅行所用汽油
40、的花费。Ten dollars will cover our petrol for the journey.(6)包括包括,涉及涉及,适用于适用于他的研究涉及范围很广。他的研究涉及范围很广。His research covered a wide field.(7)报道报道,采访采访记者们被派去采访这个事件。记者们被派去采访这个事件。Reporters were sent to cover the event.第38页，本讲稿共63页4 submit v.提交提交,呈递呈递submit(that)主张主张He submits only that it is not Washington that
41、 should do the helping.submit an application/claim/proposal All applications must be submitted by Monday.v.屈服屈服,顺从顺从They submitted an essay to the pressure.第39页，本讲稿共63页5 No need for a camera.此句是省略句此句是省略句,原句为原句为:There is no need for a camera.拓展拓展:There is no need(for sb.)to do sth.没有必要做某事情没有必要做某事情 Th
42、ere is no need to worry about money.There is no need to be in such a hurry.第40页，本讲稿共63页6 eager 与与 anxious be eager for sth.渴望渴望,期望期望 be anxious for/about sth.担心担心,忧虑忧虑be eager to do sth./be anxious to do sth.后面跟不定式时后面跟不定式时,意思一样意思一样,表示渴望做表示渴望做,急切地想急切地想.我们都为他的安全担忧。我们都为他的安全担忧。We were anxious for his sa
43、fety.这些疯狂的歌迷急切地想见这些疯狂的歌迷急切地想见Jay.These crazy fans are eager/anxious to see Jay.我们渴望周末休息一下。我们渴望周末休息一下。We are eager for a rest on weekend.第41页，本讲稿共63页7 Not only am I interested in photography,but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.1)Not onlybut also 引导的引导的并列句并列句,如如2)not only位于句
44、首位于句首,not only 所在句倒装所在句倒装。Not only will I go,but also I will take my parents there.第42页，本讲稿共63页8 skill n.技能技能,技巧技巧skilled adj.有能力的有能力的;有经验的有经验的;训练过的训练过的(反反)unskilledThe company is fortunate to have such highly skilled workers.Many Silicon Valley companies are growing so fast,they are eager to build
45、a skilled high-tech workforce.第43页，本讲稿共63页skillful adj.having or showing skill 有技巧的有技巧的;熟练的熟练的They were highly professional and very skillful.We give him instruction in safe and skillful driving.Biological evolution has made the human species more sensitive to its environment and more skillful in de
46、aling with it.第44页，本讲稿共63页9 have a nose for sth.对对很敏感很敏感;很善于发现很善于发现与与nose 有关的短语：有关的短语：as plain as the nose in our face 一清二楚一清二楚win by a nose 侥幸取胜侥幸取胜lead sb.by the nose 完全控制某人完全控制某人follow ones nose 笔直走笔直走;凭直觉行事凭直觉行事nose to nose 面对面地面对面地turn up ones nose at 对对.嗤之以鼻嗤之以鼻;瞧不起瞧不起under ones nose 当着某人的面当着某
47、人的面with ones nose in the air 非常傲慢非常傲慢,自高自大自高自大第45页，本讲稿共63页10.meanwhile:期间期间,同时同时The teacher was having his class.Meanwhile,that boy fell asleep.After graduation,he got a job.Meanwhile,his good friends went to college.in the meanwhile/meantime 与此同时与此同时,在此期间在此期间 The next programme starts in the minute
48、s;_,here is some music.Which is wrong?A.in the meantime B.in the meanwhileB.C.while D.meanwhileC 第46页，本讲稿共63页11 in that case 如果那样如果那样You say your father might object?In that case,I will not press the matter.in any case 不管怎样不管怎样 In any case,you must finish your homework.in no case 在任何情况下都不在任何情况下都不,放在
49、句首要倒装放在句首要倒装In no case are you to leave your post.in case 以防以防;如果如果,万一万一Take your umbrella in case it rains.I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some in case.in case of 万一万一,如果如果 In case of fire,ring 119.第47页，本讲稿共63页注意注意:case,situation,position,condition,stage,point等作先行词时等作先行词时,其后的定语从句用其后的定
50、语从句用where引导引导,相当于相当于in which。1)He will come,_ (那样的话那样的话)Ill ask him to help.2)She suffered from illness and _(在那种情况下在那种情况下)her husband had to stay home.in which casein that case第48页，本讲稿共63页3)Have you ever had a case _ your teacher had done you wrong?4)_(万一万一)he calls me,tell him that I will ring him