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1、Adam Grant|The Surprising Habits of Original Thinkers Unit 3 Focus learning Decide your main points carefully Use connectives to achieve coherence Outline your speechBefore you write the script:Research on the“Originals”1.originals procrastinate2.feel the same doubt and fear3.have bad ideas just as
2、most of us doWhy do they procrastinate?1.originals procrastinateneed to spend some time thinking and preparinghave creative ideas and produce something different and betterlower productivity,but higher creativityTo be original,you dont have to be the first,you just have to be different and better.Wh
3、y do originals doubt?2.feel the same doubt and fearself-doubtidea-doubt freeze us from actionto energize themselves,to test,to experiment and to refinelook at familiar things with fresh eyes guide users to doubt the default look for a different option be more resourcefulWhy do originals fear?2.feel
4、the same doubt and fear Fear of failing to try Regret of inactionsSpur originals into actionHave a better chance to succeedThe greatest originals are the ones who fail the most,because theyre the ones who try the most.Originals have bad ideas.3.have bad ideas just as most of us doIn order to have a
5、few good onesDo not follow the routine.1Have new ideas and put them into practice.2Stand out and speak up.3Drive creativity and change in the world.4Features for Originals Tips from Grant Be quick to start but slow to finish;Motivate yourself by doubting your ideas and embracing the fear of failing
6、to try;Need a lot of bad ideas in order to get a few good ones.I.Questions and Answers1.How do originals think and act according to Grant?（Paras.13,15,16,22,24）According to Grant,originals are quick to start but slow to finish.In other words,they procrastinate like ordinary people.And they feel fear
7、 and doubt as well.However,they feel fear,not of failing,but of failing to try,and regret not of actions but of inactions.Besides,they deal with doubt positively.When they feel doubt,instead of letting it go,they are motivated by doubt to test,to experiment and to refine.2.Are originals like most of
8、 us?Yes.Like most of us,originals procrastinate,feel the same fear and doubt and have bad ideas as most of us do.However,there are some critical points that distinguish them from us.For instance,originals are even more afraid of failing to try and therefore stand a better chance of success.They also
9、 generate a lot of bad ideas like us,yet they are not defeated by the bad ideas and translate them into something original.3.What are the three personality traits that an original may possess,as expected by Grant?(para.3)According to Grants expectations,originals do not follow the routine.They not o
10、nly have new ideas,but also put them into practice.They are reliable people who stand out and speak up.On the whole,they drive creativity and change in the world.4.Why do originals procrastinate?(para.13)They procrastinate because they spend some time thinking and preparing,so that they have creativ
11、e ideas.They might miss first-mover advantage if they procrastinate,but they will have the opportunity to improve on somebody elses idea and produce something different and better.5.What are the benefits of procrastination for originals?Give one example.(Paras.12)Procrastination can boost creativity
12、 although it leads to lower productivity.Moderate procrastination allows originals to consider different ideas,to think outside the box,so as to make unexpected breakthroughs.One example is Leonardo da Vinci.He worked on and off for 16 years on the Mona Lisa.He procrastinated and acquired new painti
13、ng techniques,which were used in his masterpiece.6.What effects does doubt have on originals?(para.16)Like most of us,originals have self-doubt and idea doubt.The former freezes us from action,while the latter plays an energizing and motivating role.7.What are the benefits of doubting for originals?
14、Give at least one example.(para.17-19)Driven by doubt,originals will take the initiative to rethink about the default and look for a better option.And if they do that well,they will be able to look at familiar things with fresh eyes.One example given in the talk is that,Firefox and Chrome users sign
15、ificantly outperform Internet Explorer and Safari users.This is because Firefox and Chrome will guide users to doubt the default and look for a different option and then be more resourceful.8.What do originals fear?(para.21)Originals feel fear more of failing to try than of failing,and regret not of
16、 actions but of inactions.9.What are the benefits of fear for originals?Give at least one example.(para.21-23)The fear of failing to try will spur originals into action,and so they will have a better chance to succeed.The greatest originals try the most and fail the most,and therefore are more likel
17、y to succeed.One example is Elon Musk who feared that the first few SpaceX launches would fail.Despite the fear,he didnt fail to try it out and now we all know that Tesla is a success story.10.Why do bad ideas matter for originals?(para.25)The third reason for being original is that original thinker
18、s have enough bad ideas.Originals generate a lot of ideas,many of them bad,in order to have a few good ones.Examples include Elon Mask,who founded the SpaceX,Thomas Edison,and musicians like Bach,Beethoven,Mozart.11.What does the speaker want his audience to take away from his speech?(para.25)He wan
19、ts his audience to bear in mind the following tips:(1)be quick to start but slow to finish so as to get more inspirations and boost your creativity;(2)you can motivate yourself by doubting your ideas and embracing the fear of failing to try;(3)a lot of bad ideas will pave the way for a few good ones
20、.II.Skills and practices:How to outline your speechTopic:original thinkersSpecific purpose:To inform the audience about the three surprising habits of the original thinkers.Central idea:Originals procrastinate,feel doubt and fear,have bad ideas,yet its not in spite of those qualities but because of
21、them that they succeed.Main point-1:I.Originals procrastinate.Supporting materials:1.A survey done by his student.2.More experiments carried out by the speaker himself.3.Testimony from Aaron Sorkin.4.Example of Leonardo da Vinci.5.Example of Martin Luther King.Main point-2:II.Originals doubt and fea
22、r.Supporting materials:1.Example of Firefox and Chrome users.2.Example of Jennifer Lee,the screenwriter of Frozen.Main point-3:III.Originals have bad ideas.Supporting materials:1.Example of Elon Musk,who founded the SpaceX.2.Example of Thomas Edison.3.Examples of Bach,Beethoven,Mozart.Here is a form
23、at for you to write an outline of a speech,_ is my top concern.Topic:_ is my top concernSpecific purpose:_Central idea:_Main ideas:I._ Supporting materials:1.2.II._ Supporting materials:1.2.III._ Supporting materials:1.2.III.Useful Expressions1.我们都找了备选的工作。Weve all lined up backup jobs.2.这几乎就是全部了。Tha
24、ts literally all it is.3.我拒绝Warby Parker的首要原因是他们启动得实在太慢了。The first reason that I passed on Warby Parker was they were really slow getting off the ground.4.最后我彻底失控，以至于当地的一家报纸找到我，然后写了篇报道，讲述任天堂的阴暗面，主角就是我。Eventually it got so out of hand that a local newspaper came and did a story on the dark side of Ni
25、ntendo,starring me.5.另一方面，那些匆忙把事情做完的人一直处在狂躁的焦虑状态，他们也没法产生新想法。And on the flip side,the people who race in are in such a frenzy of anxiety that they dont have original thoughts either.6.拖延行为让你有时间发散性思考，以非线性的方式思考，然后获得意想不到的突破。Procrastination gives you time to consider divergent ideas,to think in nonlinear
26、 ways,to make unexpected leaps.7.我想尽办法，努力达到我“不取得任何进展”的目标。I worked diligently toward my goal of not making progress toward my goal.8.拖延症会导致生产力下降，但也可能对创造力有助益。Procrastinating is a vice when it comes to productivity,but it can be a virtue for creativity.9.先动者优势 the first-mover advantage10.改进其他人的想法比从零开始创
27、造想法要更简单。Its much easier to improve on somebody elses idea than it is to create something new from scratch.11.从表面上看，很多的原创者看上去很自信，但是在背后，他们也像我们一样，感到恐惧和疑虑。On the surface,a lot of original people look confident,but behind the scenes,they feel the same fear and doubt that the rest of us do.12.但想法疑虑是激励性的。B
28、ut idea doubt is energizing.13.这与你是否主动地去质疑默认选项，并寻找一个更好的选择有关。Its about being the kind of person who takes the initiative to doubt the default and look for a better option.14.他们害怕失败，但是他们与众不同的是，他们更害怕不去尝试。Theyre afraid of failing,but what sets them apart from the rest of us is that theyre even more afra
29、id of failing to try.15.他们知道，从长远来看，我们最遗憾的不是自己做了什么，而是没做什么。They know that in the long run,our biggest regrets are not our actions but our inactions.16.纵观各个领域会发现，伟大的原创者是那些失败最多的人，因为他们是尝试得最多的人。If you look across fields,the greatest originals are the ones who fail the most,because theyre the ones who try
30、the most.17.你的产出越大，作品种类越多，你就越有可能做出一些真正原创的东西。The more output you churn out,the more variety you get and the better your chances of stumbling on something truly original.18.当他们打算为公司命名时，他们想要找相对复杂、特别的词，而且没有负面的联想义，以此打造一个零售品牌。When they were trying to name their company,they needed something sophisticated,
31、unique,with no negative associations to build a retail brand.19.这些品质并不妨碍他们，相反正是因为有了这些品质，他们才能成功。Its not in spite of those qualities but because of them that they succeed.20.记住，迅速地开始、缓慢地结束，可以提升你的创造力；你可以通过质疑自己的想法来激励自己，勇敢地面对放弃尝试的恐惧感；要知道你需要经过很多坏主意的铺垫之后，才能获得几个好主意。Know that being quick to start but slow to finish can boost your creativity,that you can motivate yourself by doubting your ideas and embracing the fear of failing to try,and that you need a lot of bad ideas in order to get a few good ones.Thank you!