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1、3.1 Why Greek Theatre Mattersvigorously:adv.with vigour;in a vigorous manner 精神旺盛地，活泼地surpass:v.to be superior to in achievement or excellence 超越，胜过City Dionysia:ph.城市酒神节，城市狂欢节Great Dionysia:ph.狄俄尼索斯节，大酒神节be attributed to:ph.归因于gigantic:adj.very large;enormous 巨大的，庞大的Dmos:n.the common people;masses
2、人民Pisistratus:n.tyrant of Athens庇西斯特拉图archon:n.(in ancient Athens)one of the nine chief magistrates 执政官，统治者The Assembly:ph.(雅典)公民大会patron:n.someone who supports or champions something 赞助人ivy wreath:ph.常青藤花环aspiration:n.a cherished desire 渴望，愿望Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus:ph.狄奥尼索斯或酒神剧场shrine:n.a p
3、lace worshiping some sacred thing or person圣地，神殿，神龛remains:n.遗迹，残骸restored:adj.恢复的，修复的semi-circular:adj.半圆形的acoustics:n.the study of the physical properties of sound 声学，音响效果，音质supposedly:adv.believed or reputed to be the case 据说，按照推测ceremonial:n.a formal event performed on a special occasion仪式libati
4、on:n.a serving(of wine)poured out in honor of a deity 奠酒祭神仪式herald:n.(formal)a person who announces important news（古）传令官，报信者tribute:n.something given or done as an expression of esteem贡物，贡品ephebes:n.adolescent male男青年，（古希腊）十八岁至二十岁的青年panoply:n.全套甲胄，全副盔甲u）principal:adj.chief;most important 主要的，主要的Thes
5、pis:n.Greek poet,regarded as the founder of tragic drama 泰斯庇斯（古希腊诗人剧作家）transmit:v.传播，遗传antiquity:n.the quality of being ancient or very old 古代immeasurable:adj.incapable of being measured 不可估量的exert an influence on sth/sb:ph.对产生的影响tragedy:n.悲剧magnitude:n.relative importance 量级，重要embellished with:ph.用
6、装饰，点缀ornament:n.something used to beautify 装饰，装饰物effect:v.产生影响，达到效果purgation:n.清洗，净化catharsis:n.purging of emotional tensions 净化，精神宣泄repertoire:n.曲目，取材piety:n.dutiful devotion to God and observance of religious principles 虔诚civic identity:ph.公民身份entirety:n.the state of being total and complete 全部，完全
7、preceding:adj.existing or coming before 在前的，之前的existential:adj.of or as conceived by existentialism 存在主义的worldly:adj.characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world 世俗的cultic:adj.与宗教崇拜有关的，崇拜宗教的comedy:n.喜剧stand-up comics:ph.单口喜剧TV sitcoms:ph.电视情景喜剧satirical:adj.exposing human folly to ridicule 讽刺的
8、，讥讽的Old Comedy:ph.(古希腊)老式喜剧New Comedy:ph.(古希腊)新式喜剧distinction:n.a discrimination between things as different and distinct 区别，差别embedded in:ph.根植于，铭刻在mime:v.imitate 模仿vigorous:adj.endowed with bodily or mental strength or vitality;robust 有活力的assume:v.扮演，设想dedicated to:ph.致力于sanctuary:n.a consecrated
9、place where sacred objects are kept 圣所fundamental:adj.of,involving,or comprising a foundation;basic 基本的，根本的inclusive:adj.including much or everything 包容的participatory:adj.affording the opportunity for individual participation 吸引参与的radically:adv.in a radical manner根本上1Pericles:n.Athenian statesman and leader of the popular party（雅典政治家）伯里克利dominate:v.处于支配地位ludicrous:adj.absurd to provoke ridicule or laughter可笑的，荒谬的contemporary:n.当代2