《语法复习八动词时态和语态.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语法复习八动词时态和语态.doc（8页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、动词时态一、动词的分类和形式：动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化。1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为：“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种2、动词的4种基本形式：动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。1.sit_ _ _ _2.write_ _ _ _3.teach_ _ _ _4.swim_ _ _ _5.play_ _ _ _6.study_ _ _ _3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。1）实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词； He has to stay at home,_? 汤姆死了10年。_. Y
2、ou must hand in your exercises. He must be in the library,_?You can_ the book for a week.(借书)2）连系动词有两种：一种表特征或状态，另一种表状态变化过程。be grow become turn go look seem appear keep stay remain 二、动词的时态：1.一般现在时结构_2.用法：1）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力。3）表示客观事实或真理。4）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是go,come, leave, start,
3、stop, be等开始或移动意义的词。）The sun_每天从东方升起。The train to Beijing_明天七点出发。2、一般过去时结构_用法：1）表示过去的动作或状态。2）叙述过去连续发生的事情。3）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。Last year she_教我们的物理。He has lived in Yueyang since_他出生。3、一般将来时的结构_用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态。2）表示将来的经常动作。他一到美国就会给你写信的。_4、现在进行时的结构_用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定进行。）This year_他在
4、写一本书。5、过去进行进的结构_用法：1）过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2）表示移动的动词：come, start, stay, leave, go等词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作。3）was going to do可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作。When I got to his home he_在上网玩游戏。6、现在完成时的结构_用法：1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用。2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, for连用， 3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Mary _弹钢琴5年了8、过去完成的结构_用法：1
5、）表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, before等介词短语或一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2）表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for（有时可省去）或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。By the end of last term,_我们学了10本书。The film_上演了half an hour before we arrived.9、过去将来时的结构_用法：表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态He told us_明天和我们一起爬山。1. When I saw Mary, she _ on the piano.A. is
6、 playingB. playsC. was playing D. played2. She _ the door before she goes away.A. had lockedB. is locking C. has locked. D. was locking.3. A hunter is a man who _ animals.A. catch B. catches C. will catch D. was catching4. What _ if I drink this?A. happens B. is happening C. will happen D. is happen
7、ed5. I will visit you if Father _ me.A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let6. Look out! That tree _ fall down.A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would7. My uncle _ to see me. Hell be here soon.A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came8. They cant leave until they _ their work.A. did B. are doin
8、g C. have done D. has done9. Has he seen this film? Yes. He _ it several days ago. A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing10. Now Mike isnt here. He _ Mr Greens. Perhaps he _ back in a few minutes.A. went to; is coming B. has gone to; will comeC. has been to; will be D. is going to; has come11.
9、 That day he ._ his clothes before he came to see me.A. has washedB. washedC. had been washing D. was washed12. I havent finished my composition.I _ for two hours and a half.A. have written it B. have been writing itC. wrote it D. am writting it13. I will take my daughter with me when I _ ShangHai,A
10、. go to B. will go to C. have been to D. have gone to14. This bright girl _ the truth in front of the enemy.A. didnt sayB. couldnt speak toC. said D. didnt tell15. The bridge which _ last year looks really beautiful.A. was built B. built C. was set up D. had been built16. When _ school begin? Next M
11、onday. A. has B. does C. did D. is going to17. I will _ here till you give me some money.A. leave B. not leave C. come D. return18. I _ here since I moved here.A. will work B. worked C. work D. have been working19. Every time I _ there, I will buy him something nice.A. went B. will go C. go D. have
12、gone20. It was said that his father _.A. has died B. died. C. has been dead D. had died21. We wont go unless you _ soon.A. had come B. came C. will come D. come22._six years since I began studying English.A. They have been B. it is C. It was D. There are23. They _ the Summer Palace three times.A. ha
13、ve gone toB. have been toC. have been inD. have gone into24. How long havent we seen each other? Well, it _ nearly two years since we _ last. A. is/have met B. was/had met C. is/met D. has been/had met25. Have you seen the art exhibition? No, _ there. A. it was not being held B. they didnt holdC. it
14、 had not held D. they were holding it26. Dont get off the bus until it _.A. stop B. will stop C. stopped D. has stopped27. Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here. But now its gone. A. did you put/have put B. have you put/putC. had you put/was putting D. were you putting/have
15、 put28. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was 10 years since I _ a good drink.A. had enjoyed B. was enjoyingC. enjoyed D. had been enjoying29. Dont come tonight. I would rather you _ tomorrow.A. come B. came C. will come D. coming30. _ you _?A. Do/marry B. Have/marriedC. Have/b
16、een marriedD. Are/married31. When he _ all the newspapers, hell go home.A. sells B. has sold C. will have sold D. will be sold32. This cloth _well and _ long. Ok. Ill take it. A. washes/lasts B. is washed/lastedC. washes/is lasted D. is washing/lasting33. Hurry up, you _ on the phone. Oh, Im coming.
17、 Thank you. A. are wanted B. are being wanted C. want D. are wanting34. I _ see you, but I didnt, for I had no time.A. had wanted toB. has wanted toC. wantedD. was wanted35. I _ in Guang Zhou for six years by this October.A. have lived B. was living C. will be living D. shall have lived36. By this t
18、ime next year he _ from the college.A. will be graduating B. should be graduatingC. will have graduated D. is graduating37. Our teacher told us that the earth _ from west to east.A. turns B. turn C. has turned D. had turned38. My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell/was ridingB.
19、 fell/were ridingC. had fallen/rodeD. had fallen/was riding39. Bill said he _ twenty-one the next year.A. was going to beB. was about to beC. could beD. was to be40. It is high time you _ in bed now.A. are B. were C. will be D. would be41. After a while an agreement _.A. was arrived atB. was arrived
20、 in C. was arrivedD. has been arrived42. The air liner from Beijing _ at 3:00 p.m.A. is about to arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is going to arrive43._,that step is not safe!A. Look around B. Look upC. Look out D. Look down44. Have you _ him to give up smoking? No. I _, but he wouldnt listen.A.
21、persuaded/triedB. tried/persuadedC. tried/triedD. persuaded/persuaded45. The research laboratory is going to _ the new type of computer to use.A. take B. make C. put D. send46. I dont know when he _, but when he _, Ill let you know.A. will come/comesB. comes/will comeC. comes/comes D. will come/will
22、 come47. How much do you think that vase _?A. is cost B. used C. was paid for D. cost48. I _ that he would be able to leave tomorrow, but its beginning to look diffcult.A. hopeB. had hopedC. hopedD. am hoping49. “Come on, Peter, I want to show you something.”“Oh, how nice of you, I _ you _ to bring
23、me a gift.”A. never think/are goingB. never thought/ were goingC. didnt think/ are goingD. hadnt thought/ were going50. Its a nice flat, but it _ a proper bathroom.A. havent gotB. hasnt gotC. wouldnt getD. doesnt have got51. She had a shock when she heard the news, _?A. hadnt sheB. didnt sheC. would
24、nt sheD. wont she52. This liquid _ the salt at room temperature.A. became mixed withB. was mixed byC. mixes withD. has been mixing by动词语态被动语态：英语动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，在被动语态的句子中，动作的执行者，一般由介词by引起的短语来表示，如:We often help them. They are often helped by us.4、由主动语态转换为被动语态的几种句型：（1
25、）将一个句子由主动语态转换为被动语态时，先将主动结构的宾语改为被动结构的主语；再将主动语态动词改为被动语态动词；最后在被动语态之后加介词by，（经常被省略）要注意be的各种形式变化，Trees are planted every spring. 宾补为动词不定式，如：They asked her to sing a song. She was asked to sing a song. 在动词make, see, hear, watch, notice等之后，不定式的to在主动语态里可要省略，而被动语态里不能省，如：Tom was seen to come out of the lab.宾补为
26、分词，如：They heard them singing at the time.They were heard singing at that time. 1、被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。2、(1)一般现在时：Now English _ 教in all middle schools in our country. (2)一般过去时：The Great hall of the People _修建in 1959.(3)一般将来时: When _the work_完成? (4)过去将来时：He told us that the work _完成the
27、 next day.(5)现在进行时：Your car_修理 now.(6)过去进行时：The child _检查by the doctor when they came in. (7)现在完成时：The work_还没完成 yet. (8)过去完成:The new plan _已经制定before the second experiment began.3、在下列情况下，一般使用被动语态：（1）当不知道动作执行者是谁或没有必要提到动作执行者时，如：Paper was first made in China. （2）当强调或突出动作承受者的作用时，如：The new machine was i
28、nvented by a 20-year-old young worker.54. Im sorry, sir. Your recorder isnt ready yet. It _ in the factory. A. is being repaired B. is repaired C. has been repaired D. hasnt repaired 55. Every possible means , but none is successful. A. has tried B. has been tried C. is being tried D. tried 56. _ th
29、at they can pass the written exam this time. A. That is hoped B. It is hoped C. That hopes D. It hopes 57. My little sister has broken my watch.- My watch _ by my little sister. A. is broken B. has broken C. have been brokenD. has been broken58. He was cleaning his room when I entered the house. - H
30、is room _ by him when I entered the room. A. was being cleaned B. was cleaned C. was being cleaning D. has been cleaned60. You should keep these three rooms clean. -These three rooms _ (by you). A. are should keep clean B. should kept clean C.should be kept clean D. should have been kept clean63. He
31、 doesnt do his homework every day. - His homework _ by him every day. A. doesnt be doneB. arent done C. dont be done D. isnt done64. We must take care of our parents when they are old. - Our parents _ when they are old. A. must be taken care B. must be took cars C. must take care of D. must be taken
32、 care of65. People look down upon him because he is a liar. - He _ because he is a liar. A. is looked down B. is looked down upon C. looks down upon D. looks down66. Father will give me a dictionary on my birthday. - A dictionary _ me by Father on my birthday. A. shall be given to B. will give C. sh
33、all give to D. will be giving to67. We elected her leader.- She by us. A. is elected leader B. was leader elected C. was elected leader D. leader was elected69. I saw him enter the room.- He _ the room. A. is seen enter B. is seen to enter C. was seen to enter D. was seen enter 70. The question aske
34、d by him is hard _ . A. to answer B. to be answered C. to be answering D. for answer 71. How sweet the music _! A. sounds to be B. is sounded C. is sounded to be D. sounds 72. In warm weather fruit and meat _ long. A. dont keep B. cannot be kept C. are not kept D. are not keeping 75. Do you remember
35、 _ ? A. how it is done B. it how to be done C. How is it done by D. how to do 76. to have been rich. A. They say B. It is said C. He is said D. That was said 77. Mathematics is difficult _. A. to learn B. for learning C. to be learned D. of learning80. - I cant see the blackboard very well. - Perhap
36、s you need _. A. to examine your eyes B. to have your eyes examined C. to have examined your eyes D. to be examined your eyes81. - Where is the coffee table? - Tom just had it _ away. A. move B. moving C. moved D. moves82. Good medicine _ to the mouth. A. tastes bitter B. tastes bitterly C. is taste
37、d bitter D. is tasted bitterly84. - Where did you get that handsome picture? - It was _ by my father. A. given for us B. a gift to us C. given to us D. a gift for us85. A young hen is _ a chicken. A. named B. known C. spelled D. called86. - How does Alma like her new work? - She _ with the hour. A.
38、cant satisfy B. isnt satisfied C. doesnt satisfy D. hasnt satisfied87. - Why do you call your son Mouse? - He wants _ by the name. A. to call B. to be called C. to be calling D. being called88. His idea, though good, needs _ out. A. being tried B. to try C. tried D. to be tried89. The man living in
39、the next door is known _the police. A. with B. to C. by D. of90. Cotton is first made _ thread and then it was woven _ cloth. A. up of, up of B. into, into C. of, of D. from, from91. _ here last night. A. Something strange was happened B. Strange something was happened C. Something strange happened D. Strange something happened92. - Id like to buy that coat. - Im sorry, _. A. it was sold B. its selling C. its been sold D. it had been sold93. Gunpo