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1、绝密启用前绝密启用前20182018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语英语（考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分：150 分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第
2、一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give atalk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.Shes generous
3、.B.Shes curious.C.Shes helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.4.How does the womango to work?A.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段
4、对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changingher major.7.What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Che
5、mistry.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.C.A taxidriver.9.What is the man doing for the woman?A.Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10.Where does the conversation probably take p
6、lace?A.Inan office.B.AthomeC.Ata restaurant.11.What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A.Goto a concert.B.Visita friend.C.Workextra hours.12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13.Why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an apartment.B.To deliver some f
7、urniture.C.To have a meal together.14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design.C.Its quality.15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.Its a good size.B.Its newly painted.C.Its adequately equipped.16.What will the woman probably do next?A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her frie
8、nd.C.Make payment.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is the speakerprobably talking to?A.Moviefans.B.News reporters.C.College students.18.When did the speaker take Englishclasses?A.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he was 15 years old.19.How does the speaker feel about his te
9、acher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic.C.Hes grateful.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.第二部分阅读理解第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A
10、AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers ofWashington,D.C.Your guide will provide
11、 a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where theyblossom.Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington CapWashington Cap ital Monuments Bicycle Tourital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the mos
12、t popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explore themonuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares uniquefacts and history at each stop.Guidedtour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration
13、:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers and localslooking to experienceWashington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guideswill entertain you with themost,interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and parks.Comfortable bikes
14、 and a smooth tourroute(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.zxxkWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.Get up close to
15、 themonuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill andthe National Mall.Frequent stops are made forphoto taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.All ridersare equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Whichtour do you
16、need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.
17、C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safety lights.B BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa everymorning,but she is cookingup a storm in her latest r
18、ole showing families how to preparedelicious and nutritious meals on a tight budgetInSave Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help ofchef Matt Tebbutt offerstop tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes forunder 5 per family a day.And the Good MorningBri
19、tain presenter says shes been able toput a lot of what shes leant into practice in her own home,preparing mealsfor sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,sheexplains.I pay 5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for
20、 26p a portion,because they are flour,water,sugarand oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this foodourselves.The eight-part series(系列节目),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money:GoodHealth,which gave viewers advice on how to
21、 get value from thevast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with adifferent family eachweek.In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in needof some delicious inspiration on abudget.The team transforms th
22、e familys long weekend ofcelebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early inthemorning.D.She has had a tight budget for her family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt
23、 help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some backgroun
24、d information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietC.Making yourself a PerfectChefD.Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times therehas bee
25、n less comingand a lot more going.When the world was still populated byhunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系)groupsdeveloped their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 yearsago,when theworld had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps
26、 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,andtheir languages toobecame more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries,trade,industrialization,the development of thenation-state and the spread of universal compulsoryeducation,esp
27、ecially globalisation and better communications inthe past few decades,allhave caused many languages todisappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.zxxkAt present,the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages ishugely une
28、ven.Thegeneral rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,oftenspoken by many people,while hot,wet zoneshave lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europehas only around 200 languages;the Americas about1,000;Africa2 400;and Asia andthe Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone acc
29、ounts for well over 800.Themedian number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the worldslanguages are spoken byfewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of,6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderlyspeakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Camero
30、on(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150),LipanApache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seemsto have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They we
31、re large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were closely connected.29.Which of the following best explainsdominant underlined in paragraph 2？A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800B.About 3,400C.About 2,40
32、0D.About 1,20031.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first s
33、ight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style.Thats bad news forthe environment and our walletsas theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones thatdo the same things.To figure out how much power these
34、 devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleaguesat the RochesterInstitute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for eachproduct throughoutits lifefromwhen its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how homeenergyuse has evolved
35、since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobilephones,and box-setTVsdefined 1992.Digital cameras arrivedonthescene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCDTVs entered homesin 2002,beforetablets ande-readers showed upin 2007.As we accumulated more devices,h
36、owever,we didnt throw out our old ones.The living-room television isreplaced andge ts planted in the kids ro om,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,saidone researcher.The average number ofelectronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Werenot just kee
37、pingthese old deviceswe continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitts team,olddesktopmonitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the w orst devices with their energy consumption andcontribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats
38、 the solution（解决方案）?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchers also exploredwhat would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,suchas a tablet for word processing and TVviewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing
39、on tabletsinstead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the resear
40、ch?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle ofa product.C.To update consumers onnew technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-setTV.B.The tablet.C.The LCDTV.D.Thedesktop computer.35.What does the text su
41、ggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recycle them.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room.A grasp of how tomanage color in your spaces
42、is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a roomthats full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36,color is thekey to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.zxxkOver the years,there have been a number of differ
43、ent techniques to help designers approach this importantpoint.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions youneed to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.38.Theyre the little spots of color like th row
44、 pillows,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to addvisual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorfulsofa,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture p
45、ieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effect on thefeeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether youre looking atwallpaper or paint,the time,effort
46、 and relative expense put into it are significant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever youre looking forC.If youre experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE.Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because
47、 you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分)第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college，I was told that th
48、e education department wasoffering a freecourse,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I41the idea of taking the class because,after all,who doesnt want to42a few dollars?More than that,Id always wanted to learn chess.And,evenif I werent43enough about freecredits,news about our44was appealing enoug
49、h to me.He was an international grandmaster,which 45I would belearning from one of the games 46.I could hardly wait to 47him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this48was no game for him:he meant business.In his introduction,he made it49that our credits would b
50、e hard-earned.In order to50the class,among other criteria,wehad to write a paper on how we plan to51 what we would learn in class to ourfutureprofessions and,52,to our lives.I managed to get an A in that53and learned lifelessons that have served mewell beyond the54.Ten years after my chess class wit