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1、人教版初三英语教案人教版初三英语教案-宾语从句的用法宾语从句的用法责编:刘燕责编:刘燕【概念引入】【概念引入】1.1.宾语从句名言:宾语从句名言:(1)that 引导的宾语从句Sometimes we need to remind ourselvesthat thankfulness is indeed a virtuethat thankfulness is indeed a virtue.有时我们需要提醒自己,感激是真正的美德。Health is the thing that makes you feelthat now is the best time of the yearthat n
2、ow is the best time of the year.健康使你感到现在是一年中最好的时光。(2)what 引导的宾语从句If you cant have the best,make the best ofwhat you havewhat you have.没有最好的,就充分利用现有的。If you dont have what you like what you like,you must like what you havewhat you have.没有你喜欢的东西,就喜欢你现有的东西。2.2.宾语从句定义:宾语从句定义:在主从复合句子中,充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语
3、之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语可分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句、形容词的宾语从句。【用法讲解】【用法讲解】1.1.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词在复合句子中,作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。例如:I want to know whose book this is.我想知道这是谁的书。宾语从句的引导词有三种:1)that;2)whether/if;3)特殊疑问词 what/when/where/who等。例如:He said thatthat he could help me.他说他能够帮助我。Your mother asked if if you could finish your work
4、 this week.你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。Can you tell me whenwhen the sports meeting will begin?你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗?(1)以 that 引导的宾语从句:that 引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that 没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that 可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。Do you think(that)it will rain?你认为天会下雨吗?He said(that)he could come on time.他说他会准时来的。(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句
5、:从属连词 if,whether 引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether 和 if 意为“是否”。Let us know whether/if you can finish the work before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。I dont care whether you like the story or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。注意:注意:以下情况一般只用 whether 不用 if。1)接带 to 的动词不定式。She doesnt know whether to
6、go to the zoo.她不知道是不是去动物园。2)与 or not 连用时。Im not sure whether or not he will come on time.他能否准时来,我说不准。(3)特殊疑问词 what/when/where/who等引导的宾语从句:此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序,由 wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括 who,whom,whose,what,which等连接代词和 where,when,how,why等连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。例如:Could you tell me which gate
7、 we have to go to?请问我们得走哪个门?He didnt tell me how long he would stay here.他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。2.2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序由 whether/if 和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序,原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。Where does your father work?Can you tell us?Can you tell us where your father works?你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗?Did you get home very late?He
8、 asked me.He asked me if I got home very late.他问我是否到家很晚。3.3.宾语从句的时态对应宾语从句的时态对应(1)如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。例如:My teacher says he will be back in a week.(一般将来时)我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。My teacher says he is watching TV.(现在进行时)我的老师说他正在看电视。My teacher says he has seen the movie.(现在完成时)我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。(2)如果主句是一般
9、过去时,宾语从句用相应的过去时态。例如:My father said he was watching TV at that time.(过去进行时)我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。My father said the he had already seen the movie.(过去完成时)我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。注意:注意:如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时,用一般现在时。例如:Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth.(一般现在时)我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。4.4.宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是 I think/believe/imagine/suppose/guess/expect等,从句的否定一般要转移到主句中,其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如:I dont think theyll wait to the last minute,will they?我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟,他们会吗?I dont believe he did this,did he?我相信他不会做这样的事,他会吗?