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1、酒店管理系统需求分析说明书The Requirements Analysis ofHotel Management System二零一零年十月二十九日目目 录录1 1引言(引言(INTRODUCTIONS)INTRODUCTIONS).1 11。1 编写目的(PURPOSES).11.2定义(DEFINITIONS).11。3 参考资料(REFERENCES).22 2系统的综合要求系统的综合要求.2 22.1系统功能分析(RESEARCHSYSTEMFUNCTIONS).32。2.1系统操作的灵活性(The flexibility of system operation).32.2。2系统的
2、可扩展性(System scalability).42.2。3系统的安全性(System security).42.3。1硬件要求(Hardware Requirement):.42。3。2软件要求(Software Requirements):.43 3系统数据要求分析(系统数据要求分析(DATA REQUIREMENTS ANALYSISDATA REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS).5 53.1餐饮管理子系统(RESTAURANTSMANAGEMENTSUBSYSTEM).53。1。1功能需求(The Requirement of Function).53.1。2数据字典(The
3、 data dictionary).73.1.3E-R图(ER Diagram).93.1.4数据流图(Data Flow).103.2客房管理子系统(ROOMSMANAGEMENTSUBSYSTEM).103.2。1功能需求(The Requirement of Function).103.2。2数据字典(The data dictionary).133.2。3ER图(E-R Diagram).153.2.4数据流图(Data Flow).163。3 人事管理子系统(PERSONNELMANAGEMENTSUBSYSTEM).173。3。1功能需求(The Requirement of Fu
4、nction).173.3.2数据字典(The data dictionary).193.3.3E-R图(E-R Diagram).193.3.4数据流图(Data Flow).223.4财务管理子系统.223。4。1功能需求(The Requirement of Function).223。4.2数据字典(The data dictionary).243。4。3E-R图(ER Diagram).263。4.4数据流图(Data Flow).273.5查询管理子系统(INQUIRES THEMANAGEMENTSUBSYSTEM).273。5。1功能需求(The Requirement of
5、Function).273.5。2数据字典(The data dictionary).283。5。3ER图(ER Diagram).323.5.4数据流图(Data Flow).343。6 网上预订子系统(INTERNETBOOKINGSUBSYSTEM).343。6.1功能需求(The Requirement of Function).343.6.2数据字典(The data dictionary).353。6。3ER图(ER Diagram).363。6.4数据流图(Data Flow).36酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Mana
6、gement System1 1引言引言(Introductions(Introductions)随着计算机技术的日益成熟、普及,现代的企业管理的实际运作在很多方面,很大程度上都必须借助于计算机来完成,相应软件的开发也就显得尤为重要。管理信息系统是一门新兴的科学,能够进行信息的收集、传送、储存、维护和加工。管理信息系统能反映企业的各种运行情况,利用历史数据预测未来,从全局出发辅助进行决策,利用信息控制行为,帮助实现规划目标,进行高效的管理。Along with the computer technology matures,modern enterprise management,the ac
7、tual operation in many ways,to a large extent must with computer to complete,the corresponding software development is particularly important.Managementinformation system is a new branch of science,can undertake informationcollection,transfer,storage,maintenance and processing。Management information
8、system can reflect the various operation conditions,using the historical data topredict the future,from the overall situation decision-making information,auxiliarycontrol behavior,helping to achieve objectives,efficient management.1 1。1 1编写目的(编写目的(Purposes)Purposes)需求分析报告经过项目小组分析、讨论以及对用户需求的调查,结合相关资料
9、后得出的对于酒店管理系统的需求和功能的分析。主要目的是为拟开发系统的设计与开发作好前期的准备工作。Demand analysis report after project team analysis,discussion and to the needsof the user survey,in conjunction with the relevant material reached after for hotelmanagement system requirements and functional analysis。Main purpose is for yourproposed d
10、evelopment system design and development of prepared the preparationwork。1.21.2定义定义(Definitions)(Definitions)实体:表示数据库中描述的现实世界中的对象或概念。实体是客观世界中存在的且可互相区分的事物实体可以是人也可以是物体实物,也可以是抽象概念。ER(Entity Relationship)图:)用来建立数据模型,在数据库系统概论中属于概念设计阶段,形成一个独立于机器,独立于 DBMS 的 ER 图模型。通常将它1酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis o
11、f Hotel Management System简称为 ER 图,相应地可把用 ER 图描绘的数据模型称为 ER 模型.ER 图提供了表示实体(即数据对象)、属性和联系的方法,用来描述现实世界的概念模型。Physical Description:indicates the database of realworld objects or concept.Entity is the objective world exists in each other and can distinguish things entity canbe the person also can be physica
12、l objects,also can be abstract concepts.ER:To establish the data model,in the introduction to database systems withinthe concept design phase,forming a machine independent,independent of DBMS ERgraph model.Usually it referred to as ER diagrams,accordingly can put ER diagramdepicts the data model cal
13、led ER modeling。ER graph provides said entities,attribute and contact method used to describe the conceptual model of the real world.1.31.3参考资料(参考资料(References)References)1 Pfleeger,S。L。&J.M。Atlee.Software Engineering(Third Edition)M.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.92 张海藩。软件工程导论(第5 版)M。北京:清华大学出版社,2008。73 刘金岭,冯万利,张有
14、东。数据库原理及应用 M。北京:清华大学出版社,2009。74 Leszek A。Maciaszek.需求分析与系统设计M。北京:机械工业出版社,2003.95 David C.Hay(著),孙学涛,赵凯,朱卫东(译).需求分析M。北京:清华大学出版社,2004.52 2系统的综合要求系统的综合要求2酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System2.12.1系统功能分析系统功能分析(Research System Functions(Research System Functions)姓名Name工作号Work No
15、.权限用户User操作Operation预定Book餐饮Dining客房Rooms包间号Room No.预定Book房间号Room No.其他服务Services财务管理Permissions姓名Name级别Level客户消费OperationCustomersFinance收入Incom支出证件号ID日期Date种类Type金额Amount清单ListExpenditure图 21 系统总体 ER 图餐饮管理餐饮服务消费清单前台客户管理客房服务结账信息查询预 订 清 单显示终端财务管理财务报表图 2-2 系统数据流图当日消费清单2 2。2 2系统性能要求系统性能要求(Performance
16、Requirement)(Performance Requirement)2。2.1系统操作的灵活性(The flexibility of system operation)3酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System系统应该在用户应有的权限下,尽量提供操作的灵活性,应该让录入/修改人员方便地对整个酒店员工的数据库信息进行管理,让领导层能完成员工的考勤审批操作。System should be under the authority of the user should try to provideoperati
17、onal flexibility should be allowed to input/modify the staff of the hotel staff toeasily manage the information database to allow the leadership to complete the staffattendance approval operation。2.2。2系统的可扩展性(System scalability)系统具有可扩展性,当有新的人事管理子系统条件添加时,能够很方便的对系统进行扩展.System should be scalable,as new
18、 personnel management subsystem conditionsto be added,the system can easily be extended。2。2.3系统的安全性(System security)由于系统是基于网络的操作,安全性显的很重要。具体要求如下:Because the system is web-based operations,security was very important.操作本系统有一套权限访问控制,只有具有相应权限的人才可以完成其权限内的操作。无权限的人员无法通过任何途径查看或者修改数据;Authority to operate th
19、is system has a set of access control,and only people withthe appropriate permissions to complete the operation within its competence.能修改系统参数的人必须比一般用户具有更高的权限。Who can modify system parameters must be higher than the average user haspermissions。2.32.3运行要求(运行要求(Service RequirementService Requirement)2。
20、3。1硬件要求(Hardware Requirement):(1)CPU:Inter Pentium II 266 MX 或更高(2)内存:256MB 以上.2.3.2软件要求(Software Requirements):(1)服务器端操作系统为 Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server及以上,数据库管理系统为 Microsoft SQL Server 2005。4酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System(2)客户端操作系统为 Windows 2000/Windows XP
21、及以上.3 3系统数据要求分析系统数据要求分析(Data Requirements Analysis(Data Requirements Analysis)3.13.1餐饮管理子系统(餐饮管理子系统(Restaurants Management Subsystem)Restaurants Management Subsystem)3。1。1功能需求(The Requirement of Function)餐饮管理子系统管理对餐饮的操作,主要包括预定管理、点菜管理、采购管理、结账管理四个子模块。预定管理可以实现预定时间、预定餐桌号(包括大厅餐桌、包间房号)、交付押金。点菜管理包括菜名、菜的价格以
22、及送往厨房。采购管理包括种类、菜价、数量以及通往商贩。结账管理主要是通过收银员来进行结账,包括普通用户结账和会员结账。相应功能实现如下图:Dining restaurant management subsystem manages the operation,includingreservation management,order management,purchasing management,billingmanagement of four modules。Booking management can achieve the scheduledtime,booked a table n
23、umber(including the hall table,including room number),delivery of the deposit。Order management,including name of the dish,foodprices,and sent to the kitchen。Procurement management including types,vegetable,and the number of leading vendors.Management mainly through thecheckout cashier for checkout,i
24、ncluding ordinary users and members checkout.Corresponding function to achieve the following figure。餐饮管理子系统Restaurants Management Subsystem预定管理BookingManagement点菜管理MenuChoosingManagement采购管理PurchasingManagement结账管理ClearingManagement图 3-1 餐饮管理子系统功能图(1)预定管理(Booking Management)预定管理包括三小块,预定时间、预定餐桌号(包括大厅
25、餐桌、包间房号)、交付押金.Booking management includes three pieces,the scheduled time,booked a table5酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management Systemnumber(including the hall table,including room number),delivery of the deposit.预订时间:只要顾客预定时间都是在营业期间内即可。Booking Time:as long as customers are in the b
26、usiness during the scheduledtime can be。预定餐桌号:只要顾客所定的餐桌号是属于未预定过的即可,其中包括厅内的桌号及包间的号数或厅名。No reservation of tables:the table as long as the customer number is set off is notscheduled to,including the Chamber between the table number and the packetnumber or room name.交付押金:统一押金为 200 元。A deposit:a unified
27、security deposit of 200 yuan.相应功能实现如图Corresponding function implementation in Figure预定管理Order Management预订时间Booking Time预定餐桌号Booking the Table图 32 预定管理功能图交付押金Costing Deposit(2)点菜管理(Order management)点菜管理包括菜名、菜的价格(送往厨房)。Order management,including name of the dish,food prices(sent to thekitchen)。菜名:从菜单
28、上选择即可.Name of the dish:you can choose from the menu.菜价:从菜单上选择即可.Vegetables:you can choose from the menu.相应功能实现如图Corresponding function implementation in Figure6酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System点菜管理Menu ChoosingManagement菜名Vegetables Name菜价Vegetables Price图 3-3 点菜管理功能图(3)
29、采购管理Procurement Management采购管理包括种类、菜价、数量(送往商贩).Procurement management including types,vegetable,number(sent tovendors。)种类:由厨房内的人员根据菜单来确定,厨房事先都准备好的。Category:officers from the kitchen menu to determine the kitchen are preparedin advance。菜价:此项是厨房与商贩之间的沟通.Vegetables:This is the communication between the
30、 kitchen and vendors。数量:此项是厨房与商贩之间的沟通。Quantity:This is the communication between the kitchen and traders相应的功能实现如图Corresponding function implementation in Figure采购管理PurchasingManagement种类Types菜价VegetablesPrice图 3-4 采购管理功能图数量The Amount3.1。2数据字典(The data dictionary)根据本系统的用户需求,可以将系统划分为预定管理、点菜管理、采购管理、结账管
31、理四个子模块。其中,预定管理可以实现预定时间、预定餐桌号(包括大厅餐桌、包间房号)、交付押金.点菜管理包括菜名、菜的价格以及送往厨房。采7酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System购管理包括种类、菜价、数量以及通往商贩。结账管理主要是通过收银员来进行结账,包括普通用户结账和会员结账。以下是按照上述共六个子功能模块划分得数据字典.According to the system user needs,the system can be divided into premanagement,order manageme
32、nt,purchasing management,billing management offour modules。Among them,management can schedule scheduled,booked a tablenumber(including the hall table,including room number),delivery of the deposit.Order management,including name of the dish,food prices,and sent to the kitchen。Procurement management
33、including types,vegetable,and the number of leadingvendors。Management mainly through the checkout cashier for checkout,includingordinary users and members checkout.The following is based on the total of sixsubfunction modules have the data dictionary。表 3-1 顾客基本信息表名字:顾客基本信息Name:Basic information the
34、customer别名:客户资料表Alias:Client Information Form描述:存储顾客的基本信息Description:Basic information stored in the customer定义:顾客基本信息=姓名+性别+证件号+消费金额+房号+会员情况+折扣优惠Definition:Basic information the customer name+gender+=ID+number+room number,theamount of consumption situation+member discounts位置:Position:数据约束:姓名,性别,证件号
35、,房号,会员情况,折扣优惠为字符型数据,消费金额为数值型数据。Data Constraints:name,sex,identification number,room number,membership conditions,discounts for the character data,the amount of consumption for the numerical data。长度要求:姓名(10),性别(2),证件号(32),房号(5)Data Constraint:name(10),sex(2),Document number(32),room number(5)表 32 预定信
36、息表名字:预定信息Name:Booking Information描述:存储客户预定相关信息Description:Book store customer information定义:预定信息=顾客姓名+顾客证件号+房号+房价+预付款金额+菜单+账单Definition:Booking Information=Customer identification number+name+room number+8酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management Systemprice+amount+menu+bill advances位置
37、:Position:数据约束:顾客姓名,顾客证件号,房号都为字符型数据,预付款金额为数值型数据。Data Constraint:Customer name,customer ID number,room number are all character data,theamount of numerical data advances。表 3-3 库存信息表名字:库存信息Name:Stock Information别名:库存数量表Alias:Inventory Quantity Table描述:统计当天消耗的数量及剩下的数量,并生成需购信息表Description:Statistical qu
38、antities consumed and the rest of the day number,and the need toshare information table generated定义:库存信息=库存数量+消耗数量+需购信息表Definition:Inventory=inventory quantity+consumption need to share information on thenumber of+table位置:Position:数据约束:所有字段均为字符型数据.Data Constraint:All fields are character data。3.1.3E
39、R 图(ER Diagram)性别姓名预定顾客菜名点菜价格服务员证件号时间餐桌号姓名性别代号种类姓名结账商贩普通结账收银员会员结账菜价姓名工作证号图 3-5 餐饮管理子系统 E-R 图9住址采购厨师姓名数量级别菜种酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System3.1。4数据流图(Data Flow)系统原始数据录入系统输出数据顾客基本信息预订信息库存信息餐饮管理系统顾客基本作息表房间信息表菜单账单需购信息表图 3-6 餐饮管理子系统数据流图3 3。2 2客房管理子系统(客房管理子系统(Rooms Management
40、 Subsystem)Rooms Management Subsystem)3。2。1功能需求(The Requirement of Function)(1)客房管理(Room Management)客房管理包括五小块,预订房间,开/退房间,调房,消费记账和续收/退还预付款。预订房间:服务员填入顾客信息,选择房间,显示房间相关信息,改房间状态改为已预订。Room management including five small pieces,reservations,check in/out,adjustable room,consumption charge and renewal charg
41、e/return the deposit。Reservation:waiter fill in customers information,choose information of rooms,show relevant information of room,the state has to change room reservation.开/退房间:服务员填入顾客信息,选择房间,显示房间相关信息,改房间状态改为已开或空闲.调房:服务员输入顾客原来客房号,欲入住新客房号,显示房间相关信息,计算相应消费。10酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hot
42、el Management System消费记账:顾客在退房时,自动计算顾客消费.续收/退还预付款:计算预付款差额,并保存。相应功能实现如图Check in/out:Waiter fill in customers information,choose room,showinformation of rooms,change the room status information to already opened orleisure.Adjustable room:Waiter input customers original room number,new guestroom number
43、,show relevant information of rooms,calculating the correspondingconsumption.Consumption charge:When the customer check-out,calculation of consumerspending automatic。Renewal charge/return advance payment:Calculating the advance paymentbalance,and preserve。Corresponding function realization as shown
44、in the diagram客房管理Rooms Management预订房间开/退房间BookingCheck InRoomsCheck Out消费记账调房续收/退还预付款ConsumptionAdjustableRenewal ChargeChargeRooms/Return the Deposit图 36 客房管理功能图(2)信息查询信息查询包括住房信息查询和顾客信息查询两部分。住房信息查询:查询每个房间的状态,价格,类型,换房明细.顾客信息查询:查询每个顾客的会员情况,享受折扣情况,住房历史记录和累计消费。相应功能实现如图:Information query including hous
45、ing information query and customerinformation query two parts.Housing information query:To inquire each room state,price,type,moverooms details。11酒店管理系统需求分析The Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management SystemCustomer information query:Inquires the member condition,each and everycustomer enjoy discou
46、nt,housing history records and cumulative.Corresponding function realization as shown in the diagram信息查询Information Search住房信息查询HousingInformationQuery顾客信息查询CustomerInformationQuery图 37 信息查询功能图(3)报表统计报表统计主要统计客房明细,预付款明细,客房开房明细和当前在住客房报表信息。客房明细总表:统计客房的所有信息。预付款表:统计预付款的所有记录,并计算预付款差额.客房开房明细总表:统计酒店当天客房开房的数
47、量。当前在住客房报表:统计酒店当前在住的客房数量。相应的功能实现如图Statement statistics major statistical rooms,advance payment details,details indetail and the current room check in living rooms statements information。Guest room detail overall table:Statistics of guest rooms all information。Advance tables:Statistical advance all r
48、ecords is calculated,and the advancepayment balance.Guest check in detail overall table:Statistical hotel guest check in on thequantity.Currently in the living room statements:Statistical hotel rooms in the livingquantity.The corresponding function realization as shown in the diagram12酒店管理系统需求分析The
49、Requirements Analysis of Hotel Management System报表统计StatementStatistics客房明细总表Rooms DetailOverall Table预付款明细表AdvancePaymentSchedule客房开房明细表当前在住客房Guest Check InThe LivingRoomCurrentlySchedule图 38 报表统计功能图3.2.2数据字典(The data dictionary)表 34 客房基本信息表名字:客房基本信息Name:Room Basic Information别名:房间信息表Alias:Room Inf
50、ormation Table描述:存储客房的基本信息Description:The basic information of the storage room定义:客房基本信息=房间号码+房间状态+房间类型+房间价格Definition:Room Basic Information=Room Number+Status of Room+Type of Room+Price ofRoom数据约束:房间号码,房间状态,房间类型均为字符型数据,房间价格为数值型数据。长度要求:房间号码(5),房间状态(6),房间类型(10)Data constraint:The room number,the roo