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1、2021/9/212021/9/211 1About Wine CultureChinaistheworldsancientChinaistheworldsancientcivilizationZhuo,ChinaiscivilizationZhuo,Chinaisthehometownofwine,fivethehometownofwine,fivethousandyearslonghistorythousandyearslonghistoryoftheChinesenation,wineoftheChinesenation,wineandwineculturehasandwinecultu
2、rehasoccupiedanimportantoccupiedanimportantplace,wineisaspecialkindplace,wineisaspecialkindoffood,arematerial,butoffood,arematerial,butwhenthewinehasandintowhenthewinehasandintothepeoplesspirituallifethepeoplesspirituallifeintointo.2021/9/212021/9/212 2WineTypesTheUnitedStatescanberoughlydividedinto
3、beer,wine,cocktails,whiskeyandwine.Beerwithlightbeerandaleoftheother;packedwithbottles,cansandpotsofequipment.Cocktailsandmixeddrinkscontainsaverystrongalcoholcontent,drinkingmethodsaregenerallytwokindsoficeandnotice,itsvarietyofpreparationmethods.Whiskeyisalsoapotentliquor,andwasoily,isdividedintor
4、yewhiskeyandScotchwhiskey.Wineisdividedintoredandwhitetwo,butitisworthnotingthat:FieldsmarkedwithChablisisnotaFrenchwinebrandproducedbythenon-sweetwhitewine,buttheU.S.stateofCaliforniaproductionofwhitewine,ThewineintheUnitedStatesreputation.2021/9/212021/9/213 3Beern nAmericanbeer,withveryfewexcepti
5、ons,Americanbeer,withveryfewexceptions,variesfromthemediocre(variesfromthemediocre(普通的普通的普通的普通的)tothe)totheterrible.Therearenotmanytypesofbeerterrible.TherearenotmanytypesofbeerintheUSlightanddarkaretwointheUSlightanddarkaretwotermscommonlyused.termscommonlyused.ItisthereforenormaltoorderbeersimplyI
6、tisthereforenormaltoorderbeersimplybybrandname.Inarestaurant,infact,itisbybrandname.Inarestaurant,infact,itisquiteallrighttoorderabeer,andtheyquiteallrighttoorderabeer,andtheywilltellyouwhattheyhave.willtellyouwhattheyhave.Itisnotnecessary,either,tospecifyItisnotnecessary,either,tospecifyquantitywhe
7、norderingbeer.Ifitcomesinquantitywhenorderingbeer.Ifitcomesinbottlesorcans,youwillgetabottleorcan,bottlesorcans,youwillgetabottleorcan,andifitsontap(andifitsontap(可以随时取用的可以随时取用的可以随时取用的可以随时取用的)you)youwillgetaglass,unlessyouorderawillgetaglass,unlessyouorderapitcher(pitcher(有嘴和柄的大酒罐有嘴和柄的大酒罐有嘴和柄的大酒罐有嘴和
8、柄的大酒罐i.e.ajug).i.e.ajug).2021/9/212021/9/214 4 The latter is very convenient thing to do,since you can then take the jug and glasses to your table and keep filling up without going back to the bar.(It is harder,however,to know how much you have drunk.)Somebeercomesinbottleswithtopsthatlookasiftheyne
9、edanopener,butyoucan,infact,screw(拧开拧开)themoffbyhandanditisgoodfuntoexperimentwiththese.2021/9/212021/9/215 5you have to be very careful not to hurt yourself.It is possible,in some stores and bars,to find a wide selection of beer from all over the world,especially Western Europe and Australia.2021/9
10、/212021/9/216 6Cocktailsn nCocktailsandmixeddrinksCocktailsandmixeddrinksaremuchmorepopularandaremuchmorepopularandratherstrongerintheUSAthanratherstrongerintheUSAthaninEurope,andvisitorsmaynotinEurope,andvisitorsmaynotbefamiliarwithsomeofthebefamiliarwithsomeoftheterminology(terminology(术语术语).Onthe
11、).Ontherocks,asyouprobablyknow,rocks,asyouprobablyknow,meanswithice,whilestraightmeanswithice,whilestraightuporupmeansneatanduporupmeansneatandwithoutice.withoutice.TherearehundredsofdifferentTherearehundredsofdifferentcocktails,andthereisnospacecocktails,andthereisnospaceheretolistallthedifferenthe
12、retolistallthedifferentnames.names.波尔金卡薄荷味鸡尾波尔金卡薄荷味鸡尾酒酒2021/9/212021/9/217 7Cocktails得其利（戴克利）得其利（戴克利）莫吉托莫吉托2021/9/212021/9/218 8WhiskyWhiskyorwhiskeyisatypeofWhiskyorwhiskeyisatypeofalcoholicbeveragealcoholicbeveragedistilledfromdistilledfromfermentedfermented graingrain mashmash.Differentgrainsareu
13、sedfordifferentvarieties,including.Differentgrainsareusedfordifferentvarieties,includingbarleybarley,maltedbarleymaltedbarley,ryerye,maltedrye,maltedrye,wheatwheat,and,andmaize(corn)maize(corn).Most.Mostwhiskiesareagedinwoodenwhiskiesareagedinwoodencaskscasks,madegenerallyof,madegenerallyofoakoak),t
14、heexception),theexceptionbeingsomebeingsomecornliquorscornliquors.WhiskyisastrictlyregulatedspiritworldwidewithmanycompetingWhiskyisastrictlyregulatedspiritworldwidewithmanycompetingdenominationsoforiginandmanyclassesandtypes.Theunifyingdenominationsoforiginandmanyclassesandtypes.Theunifyingcharacte
15、risticsofthedifferentclassesandtypesarethefermentationofcharacteristicsofthedifferentclassesandtypesarethefermentationofgrains,andthepracticeofdistillingthespiritdowntoamaximumof80%grains,andthepracticeofdistillingthespiritdowntoamaximumof80%alcoholforcornand90%alcoholforothergrains,priortoaddingwat
16、er,soalcoholforcornand90%alcoholforothergrains,priortoaddingwater,soastoretainsomeoftheflavorofthegrainusedtomakethespiritandastoretainsomeoftheflavorofthegrainusedtomakethespiritandpreventitfrombeingclassifiedaspreventitfrombeingclassifiedasgrainneutralspiritsgrainneutralspiritsororvodkavodka.11Whi
17、skyWhiskygainsasmuchas60%ofitsflavorfromthetypeofcaskusedinitsaginggainsasmuchas60%ofitsflavorfromthetypeofcaskusedinitsagingprocess.process.citation neededcitation neededThereforefurtherclassificationtakesplacebasedThereforefurtherclassificationtakesplacebaseduponthetypeofwoodusedandtheamountofchar
18、ringortoastingdonetouponthetypeofwoodusedandtheamountofcharringortoastingdonetothewood.thewood.22 BourbonwhiskeyBourbonwhiskeyforexampleislegallyrequiredtobeagedinforexampleislegallyrequiredtobeagedincharrednewoakbarrels,whereasqualityScotchwhiskiesoftenusedthecharrednewoakbarrels,whereasqualityScot
19、chwhiskiesoftenusedthepartiallyspentbarrelsfromBourbonproductiontoinduceaslowerpartiallyspentbarrelsfromBourbonproductiontoinduceaslowermaturationtime,addingadditionalsubtlenuance.maturationtime,addingadditionalsubtlenuance.33注释：1vodkan.(原产于俄罗斯的)伏特加酒2Bourbonwhiskey波旁威士忌3nuance1、微妙的色彩，微妙之处2、细微差别2021/
20、9/212021/9/219 9TheHardStuffIn America whiskey means bourbon(一种烈性一种烈性威士忌酒，最初为美国肯塔基州威士忌酒，最初为美国肯塔基州Bourbon地区所地区所产产)unless otherwise indicated.Bourbon is a rather oily spiritmade from maize(玉米玉米).Rye(黑麦威士忌酒黑麦威士忌酒)whiskey is called rye and Scotch whiskey Scotch.2021/9/212021/9/211010 Inbarswinecanoftenb
21、eboughtbytheglass.DontbemisledbynamessuchasChablisisusedtorefertowhitewine,andBurgundytoredAmericansseemnevertohaveheardofwhiteBurgundy.2021/9/212021/9/211111Wine culture as a special kind of cultural forms,in traditional Chinese culture has its own unique position.In the history of civilization for
22、 thousands of years,the wine into almost all areas of social life.2021/9/212021/9/211212n nFirstofall,Chinaisapredominantlyagriculturalcountry,therefore,allpoliticalandeconomicactivitiesareagricultureanddevelopmentasafoothold.Chinaswine,thevastmajorityoffoodisbrewedwinecloselyattachedtoagriculture,t
23、obecomeapartoftheagriculturaleconomy.2021/9/212021/9/211313Abundanceoffoodproductiontoapologizeisabarometeroftheriseandfallwine,thedynasticrulersofgrainharvestunderthecircumstances,throughtheissuanceofJiujinorliftingtheban,toregulatetheproductionofwineinordertoensurepeopleeat.鸡蛋薄荷鸡尾酒鸡蛋薄荷鸡尾酒2021/9/212021/9/2114142021/9/212021/9/211515