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1、湖北省新高考联考协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考 试英语试题（含听力）学校:姓名：班级：考号： 一、短对话How does the girl want to go to the museum?A. By subway.B. By bus.C. By car.【答案】c【解析】【原文】M: This month, our trip will be to the museum. We will take a school bus to the Colma station. Then well take the subway downtown. Yes, Tammy?W: Can our
2、 parents drive us instead?M: No, I want us to go as a group.1. What has the weather been like recently?A. Really dry.B. Really wet.C. Really cold.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: I heard on the news that were finally going to be getting some rain in the next few days.M: Thats good news. This has been one of the drie
3、st months on record, so Im sure the trees really need it.2. What does the wedding hall forbid doing?A. Throwing rice.B. Throwing the pieces of newspaper.C. Throwing colored paper.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: What a wonderful wedding that was! It will be a big task to sweep up all that litter.M: The rules of the
4、wedding hall say throwing colored paper is banned. Throwing rice is OK.And even bits of torn-up newspaper are allowed.W: Thats crazy!的视频。中国的网友们亲切的称呼他为“美国汉字大叔工.推理判断题。根据第一段中Im a physicist, so I dont like blind memorization. I knew that Chinese characters came from pictographs and I wanted to know the
5、stories behind the Chinese characters（我是物理学家，所以我不喜欢盲目记忆。我知道汉字来自象形文字， 我想知道汉字背后的故事）可知，作为物理学家，他不喜欢盲目记忆，他知道汉字来自于 象形文字，所以他想了解汉字背后的故事。因此，他是为了更容易地记忆汉字，专门去 了解它们背后的故事。应选D项。24 .词义猜测题。根据第二段首句As he studied, Sears found that many of the explanations were conflicting and even the experts were at odds.（在他的研究中，Sear
6、s 发现许多解释是 相互矛盾的，甚至专家也意见不一）中的“and”可知，“conflicting（冲突的，相矛盾的）与 “at odds”构成并列关系，由此推知，所猜词的意思是“持有不同的观点: 应选A项。25 .细节理解题。根据第三段首句In 2002 he got his website up and named it Chinese Etymology, where visitors can check for free the development of Chinese characters in various forms.”（2002年，他建立了自己的网站，并将其命名为“中国语源
7、学”。在这里，访问者 可以免费查看从原始象形文字到现代简体字的各种形式的汉字开展情况）可知，他创办 的Chinese Etymology网站可以供访客免费查阅汉字开展的各种不同形式，因此这个网 站是关于汉字的各种开展形式的。应选B项。26 .主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了一位致力于汉字研究的美国汉字大叔 的故事。所以C项“美国叔叔酷爱汉字”是本文主旨大意。应选C项。BEIJING Chinas education authority will tighten the widely criticized policy of extra credits“ for the national
8、 college entrance examination to ensure a fairer chance fbr all examtakers.Under the present policy, high school students who win awards in national Olympic competitions could get “extra credits”, up to 20 points fbr the national college entrance exam. Students with talent in sports and students who
9、 are from ethnic groups can also benefit from this policy. The extra credits have increased these students9 chances ofbeing admitted to famous universities. Some parents were found to have helped their children fabricate （伪造）award experiences or falsify qualifications to get extra credits.“It has ha
10、rmed education equality. the ministry said.Xiong Bingqi, vice-chief of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, said the policy is designed to help students who have special talents but may be weak in academic performance to have a chance to receive higher education. It will still be needed bu
11、t it is time to make the rules fairer,he said.The ministry said it would reduce the range of competitions whose winners could get extra credits, and limit the winners9 privileges.Chen Lei, a mother of a 15-year-old girl, said she welcomed the ministrys policy adjustment as she did not want her daugh
12、ter to be an Olympic competition geek.But not all the Chinese parents welcomed the new policy. It is like a thunderbolt for me. My 13-year-old son has spent so much time studying Olympic math, and participated in so many technological competitions during vacations. It is useless now,“ said Dong Wen,
13、 a 43- year-old mother.A student said, “Many students have changed the current study plan, and they can abandon the competition. I will be interested in learning the courses which can improve my abilities.Yuan Guiren, a member of CPPCC, told China Daily that the reform would be an attempt to conside
14、r the overall quality of an applicant. But the country will not stop the national college entrance examination as it is still the most objective way to evaluate talent in China,“ he said. 28. It can be inferred from the passage that.A. high school students with talent in sports are weak in academic
15、performancestudents who win awards in Olympic competitions cant get extra credits soonB. the number of competitions whose winners can be awarded extra credits will be smallerthe extra credits have reduced students9 chances of being admitted to famous colleges29. Why did Chinas education ministry dec
16、ide to tighten the policy of extra credits”?A. To highlight academic performance.B. To respond to the criticism from the public.C. To meet the need of national college entrance exam.D. To guarantee education equality for all exam-takers.30. What does the underlined word “geek” probably mean?A. An ad
17、dict.B. A smart learner. C. A winner.D. A slow walker.31. What might be the best title for the text?A. Extra Credits Policy in China to be AdjustedPromotion of National Olympic CompetitionsB. Advice on the National College Entrance ExamChinese Government to Push Education Reform【答案】28. CD29. AA【解析】【
18、导语】本文为新闻报道，主要内容为高考加分政策调整的目的和调整范围，以及局部家长和学 生的不同反响。28 .细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The ministry said it would reduce the range of competitions whose winners could get extra credits, and limit the winners privileges.（教育部 表示，将减少可以获得高考加分的竞赛工程，并限制获奖者的特权厂可知，根据新政策 的规定，获奖者可获得高考加分的竞赛工程数量将减少。应选C。29 .推理判断题。根据首句Chinas educati
19、on authority will tighten the widely criticized policy of extra credits for the national college entrance examination to ensure a fairer chance forallexam-takers.（中国教育部门将收紧广受批评的高考“加分”政策，以确保所有考生都 有更公平的机会）”以及第三段教育部长所说“It has harmed education equality.（它损害了教 育平等），可知，高考加分政策需要得到调整，这样对所有考生都更加公平，此举是为了 促进教育
20、平等。应选D。30 .词句猜测题。划线词所在句的前半句she welcomed the ministrys policy adjustment（她 对教育部这项政策的调整表示欢迎广说明她支持高考加分政策的调整，即减少通过竞赛 工程力口分， 后半句as she does not want her daughter to be an Olympic competition geek是 她支持调整的理由，她不想让孩子成为“an Olympic competition geek”，说明她不支持孩 子参加奥赛，不希望自己的女儿痴迷于奥赛，在这方面投入过多的时间和精力，由此推 知，划线词geek与addi
21、ct同义，表示“对 入迷的人”。应选A。31 .主旨大意题。这篇报道主要讲的是为了教育公平，高考加分政策需要进行调整，具 体提到了政策实施的时间和范围，以及局部人对这一政策调整的不同反响，结合第一段 的文章主旨句“Chinas education authority will tighten the widely criticized policy of extra credits9 for the national college entrance examination to ensure a fairer chance for all exam- takers.（中国教育部将收紧广受批评
22、的高考“加分”政策，以确保所有考生都有更加公平的 机会）”可知,A 项“Extra Credits Policy in China to be Adjusted（中国高考“加分”政策即 将调整厂适合作为文章标题。应选A。Flowering plants （angiosperms） make up about 90 percent of the Kingdom Plantae. The total number of described species is over 250,000, and many tropical species are as yet unnamed. During th
23、e past 130 million years, flowering plants have colonized every possible habitat on earth, from sun-baked deserts and windswept alpine （阿尔卑斯）summits to fertile grasslands and dense forests.However, hundreds of millions of years ago, the Earth was dominated by ferns and conifers （针叶植物和蕨类植物）.Then, how
24、 have flowers evolved and spread to all parts of the world, thus changing the landscape from green and brown to a variety of colours?Actually, why angiosperms are successful and diverse on Earth has been debated for centuries. Even Charles Darwin himself called it a “mystery”, fearing this apparent
25、sudden leap might challenge his theory of evolution.Now, to this puzzle, some scientists claim they have the answer.Kevin Simonin, from San Francisco State University in California, US and other researchers wondered if the size of the plants genetic material 一 or genome （基因组）一 might be important. Th
26、ey analyzed data held by the Royal Botanic Gardens, on the genome size of thousands of plants, including flowering plants, gymnosperms （a group of plants including conifers） and ferns. They then compared genome size with anatomical （结构上的） features.This provides “strong evidence，that the success and
27、rapid spread of flowering plants around the world is due to “genome downsizing.By shrinking the size of the genome, which is contained within the nucleus of the cell, plants can build smaller cells. In turn, this allows greater carbon dioxide uptake （摄入）and carbon gain from photosynthesis, the proce
28、ss by which plants use light energy to turn carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen.The researchers say genome downsizing happens only in the angiosperms, and this was “a necessary condition fbr rapid growth rates among land plants”.30. According to this passage, what do we know about angiosp
29、erms?A. They belong to gymnosperms.B. They add colors to the landscape of the earth.C. They ruled the earth hundreds of millions of years ago.D. They make up approximately 90% of the living species on earth.31. It can be inferred that.A. Charles Darwin was quite confident of his theory of evolutionK
30、evin Simonin is probably an American biologistB. Kevin Simonin works in the Royal Botanic GardensCharles Darwin succeeded in figuring out the flower evolution32. Which of the following contributes to the success and diversity of angiosperms?A. Phtotsynthesis.B. The larger nucleus.C. The smaller geno
31、me.D. The stronger cell.33. What kind of passage is it?A. a brochureC. a science fictionB. a biographyD. a popular science article【答案】32. BB33. CD【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开花植物或被子植物能够在地球上占有优势的原因。 32.细节理解题。根据第段的“Flowering plants （angiosperms） make up about 90 percent of the Kingdom Plantae .（开花植物（被子植物）
32、约占植物王国的90%。厂和第二段的“Then, how have flowers evolved and spread to all parts of the world, thus changing the landscape from green and brown to a variety of colours?（那么，鲜花是如何进化并传播到世界各地的， 从而使景观从绿色和棕色变成各种颜色的呢？厂可知，被子植物为地球的风景增添了色 彩。应选B。33 .推理判断题。根据第五段中的Kevin Simonin, from San Francisco State University in Ca
33、lifornia, US and other researchers wondered if the size of the plants genetic material or genome （基因组）一 might be important（美国加州旧金山州立大学的Kevin Simonin和其 他研究人员想知道是否这种植物的遗传物质或基因组的大小可能很重要。厂可推知， Kevin Simonin可能是一位美国生物学家。应选B。34 .细节理解题。根据第六段中的“This provides strong evidence”，that the success and rapid spread
34、 of flowering plants around the world is due to genome downsizing.（这提供了 “强有力的证据。证明开花植物在世界各地的成功和快速传播是由于“基因组缩小”。y 可知，更小的基因组有助于被子植物的成功和多样性。应选c。35 .推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Flowering plants （angiosperms） make up about 90 percent of the Kingdom Plantae. The total number of described species is over 250,000, an
35、d many tropical species are as yet unnamed.（开花植物（被子植物）约占植物王国的90%。 被描述的物种总数超过25万种，许多热带物种至今仍未命名。户和第二段的“Then,how have flowers evolved and spread to all parts of the world, thus changing the landscape from green and brown to a variety of colours?（那么，鲜花是如何进化并传播到世界各地的，从 而使景观从绿色和棕色变成各种颜色的呢？广可知，本文主要讲的是开花植物或
36、被子植 物能够在地球上占有优势的原因，是科学文章，应选D。五、七选五Which is lighter in colour: a grass lawn or a pine tree? The lawn, right? And how did you decide? Almost certainly by “seeing“ them both in your mind, and comparing the two shades of green.36 Recent research using this very question, along with other visualizationte
37、sts - has unearthed a small but significant set of people who dont seem to use mental images at all. The condition they have is thought to be shared by between two and five percent of the population: aphantasia （想象障碍症）While most people use mental imagery to help them remember, aphantasiacs have to u
38、se other techniques.37 They can use all these routes to learn, recall, explore and apply theinformation they need.Research suggests that the ability to visualize is a sliding scale.38 Explore favoritedestinations in your imagination, imagine the faces of loved ones, or recall precious objects with a
39、s much clarity as possible. Practice seeing the details as well as the “big picture”.But its also really valuable to explore some of the other strategies used by people with little or no visual imagination: Use other senses. Be observant about sounds, textures, tastes, and particularly smells. Pract
40、ice bringing these to mind, and use them whenever you can to connect with your memories. Think logically. Even without visual clues, you might be able to use logic to work out when something happened, where you left a possession, or how you and a friend first met. 39 Strong feelings help to store lo
41、ng-term memories, so use them to boost recall,too. How did you feel when you visited the place, watched the film, or read the book that you,re trying to recall?40 Actually, we can all learn something from them.A. Explore your emotions.B. Explore long-term memory.C. But not everyone can do that.D. Ho
42、wever, test is not always without wrong.E. And in doing so they highlight many different routes.F. You may be able to sharpen your minds eye through practice.G. These are strategies that many people with aphantasia rely on.【答案】36. CE37. FA38. G【解析】【导语】本文为说明文，主要讲述了一群看待事物不同于常人的人，即有想象障碍的人。并且介 绍了 一些他们大脑
43、识别事物的策略，这些策略有助于我们提高自己思维视力。36 .根据上文“Which is lighter in colour: a grass lawn or a pine tree? The lawn, right? And how did you decide? Almost certainly by seeing” them both in your mind, and comparing the two shades of green.（草地和松树，哪个颜色较浅？草坪，对吧？你是怎么决定的？几乎 可以肯定的是，你可以在脑海中“看到“它们，并比较这两种绿色）”以及后文“Recent res
44、earch - using this very question, along with other visualization tests 一 has unearthed a small but significant set of people who dont seem to use mental images at all.（最近的研究一 利用这个问题，以及其他可视化测试发现了一小群似乎根本不使用心理图像的人, 他们人数不多，但意义重大）“可知，空前是说大局部人用思维视力去判断一块草坪和一 棵松树哪个颜色浅，空后说最近有研究说明有的人不能使用该常人所用的判断方法。此 空前后所描述的人群
45、想象能力不一样，前后内容相反，应该选择带有转折意味的选项， 故C选项“不是每个人都能做到这样的符合语境。应选Co. 根据上文“While most people use mental imagery to help them remember, aphantasiacs have to use other techniques.（虽然大多数人使用心理意象来帮助他们记忆，但想象障碍症 患者必须使用其他技巧厂可知，根据上文可知，有想象障碍的人不能够运用常人所用的 方式，而是使用其他方式。而这些方式对他们有好处。E项的“in doing so”指的就是运用 其他方式，“different route
46、s”和后文“these routes”属于原词复现，故E选项“在这样做的过 程中，他们突出了许多不同的路线”符合语境。应选E。37 .根据上文“Research suggests that the ability to visualize is a sliding scale.（研究说明，可 视化的能力是一个浮动的尺度）”以及后文Explore favorite destinations in your imagination, imagine the faces of loved ones, or recall precious objects with as much clarity as
47、 possible. Practice seeing the details as well as the “big picture”.（在你的想象中探索你最喜欢的目的 地，想象亲人的面孔，或者尽可能清晰地回忆起珍贵的物品。练习看到细节和“大局”广 可知，根据空前一句可知，可视化能力是可以上下浮动的。而空后所讲细节“在想象中 探索最喜欢的目的，想象所爱之人的面孔，或尽可能清晰地回忆起珍贵的物品嘱于提 高思维视力的锻炼方式，F项中的“practice”和本段最后一句中的“practice”属于原词复现, 故F选项“你也许可以通过练习来磨砺你的能力”符合语境。应选Fo. 根据后文“Strong f
48、eelings help to store long-term memories, so use them to boost recall, too. How did you feel when you visited the place, watched the film, or read the book that youre trying to recall?（强烈的感觉有助于储存长期记忆，所以也可以用它们来促进回忆。当你 参观一个地方，看一部电影，或读一本你试图回忆的书时，你有什么感觉？广可知，该 空应填入一个小标题，该段所讲的策略是：强烈的感觉有助于储存长期记忆，因此也可 以使用它们来增强回忆。当你参观这个地方、看电影或读你想回忆的书时，你的感觉如 何。即感觉是此方法的关键。故A选项“探索你的情绪”符合语境。应选A。38 .根据后文“Actually, we can all learn something from them.（事实上，我们都可以从他们 中学到一些东西），可知，上文介绍了一些想象障碍者的记忆策略，给人们提供提高思维 视力的建议。这和G项中“These are strategies的“strategies”对应，也和空后的learn something from them”的“them”对应，且有总结上文之意，故G选项”这些都是许多想象 障碍症患