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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。医学英语汇总-心脏外科常见疾病中英文对照摘要：心脏外科常见疾病中英文名称对照表。英文缩写英文全称中文名称AFIATRIALFIBRILLATION心房纤维颤动AFLATRIALFLUTTER心房扑动APCATRIALPREMATURECONTRACTIONS心房早期收缩APVABSENCEOFPULMONARYVALVE肺动脉瓣缺失APVCANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION肺静脉连接异常APVRANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN肺静脉回流异常A
2、RAORTICREGURGITATION主动脉瓣关闭不全ASAORTICSTENOSIS主动脉瓣狭窄ASDATRIALSEPTALDEFECT房间隔缺损AVBAVBLOCK,ATRIO-VENTRICULARBLOCK房室传导阻滞AVSDATRIOVENTRICULARSEPTALDEFECT房室中膈缺损BAVBICUSPIDAORTICVALVE双叶性动脉瓣BTBLALOCK-TAUSSIGSHUNTBT分流术CADCORONARYARTERIALDISEASE冠状动脉疾病COACOARCTATIONOFTHEAORTA主动脉窄缩DAADOUBLEAORTICARCH双主动脉弓DILVDOU
3、BLEINLETLEFTVENTRICLE左心室双入口DIRVDOUBLEINLETRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室双入口DCMDILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY扩张性心肌病变DOLVDOUBLEOUTLETLEFTVENTRICLE左心室双出口DORVDOUBLEOUTLETRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室双出口DYSDYSRHYTHMIA节律异常、心律不整EBSEBSTEINSANOMALYEBSTEIN氏畸形ECDENDOCARDIALCUSHIONDEFECT心内膜垫缺损HCMHYPERTROPHICCARDIOMYOPATHY肥厚型心肌病变HLHSHYPOPLASTICL
4、EFTHEARTSYNDROME左心发育不良综合征HLVHYPOPLASTICLEFTVENTRICLE左心室发育不全HRVHYPOPLASTICRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室发育不全IAAINTERRUPTIONOFAORTICARCH主动脉弓中断IEINFECTIVEENDOCARDITIS感染性心内膜炎IHSSIDIOPATHICHYPERTROPHICSUBAORTICSTENOSIS特发性肥厚性主动脉瓣下狭窄JPCJUNCTIONALPREMATURECONTRACTION房室节早期收缩KDKAWASAKISDISEASE川崎病LAALEFTAORTICARCH左主动脉弓LAIL
5、EFTATRIALISOMERISM两侧左心房LARLEFTATRIALRHYTHM左心房节律LCALEFTCORONARYARTERYDISEASE左冠状动脉疾病LSVCLEFTSUPERIORVENACAVA左上腔静脉MAMITRALATRESIA,MITRALVALVEATRESIA二尖瓣闭锁MAPCAMAINAORTO-PULMONARYCOLLATERALARTERIES联接主动脉与肺间的侧枝血管MRMITRALREGURGITATION二尖瓣关闭不全MSMITRALSTENOSIS二尖瓣狭窄MVPMITRALVALVEPROLAPSE二尖瓣脱垂PAPULMONARYATRESIA肺
6、动脉瓣闭锁PABPULMONARYARTERYBANDING(PABANDING)肺动脉绷扎PAPVCPARTIALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION部份肺静脉连接异常PAPVRPARTIALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN部份肺静脉回流异常PDAPATENTDUCTUSARTERIOSUS动脉导管未闭PEPERICARDIALEFFUSION心包膜积水PFOPATENTFORAMENOVALE开放性卵圆孔PHTPULMONARYARTERYHYPERTENSION肺动脉高压PRPULMONICREGURGITATION肺动脉瓣关闭
7、不全PSVTPAROXYMALSUPRAVENTRICULARTACHYCARDIA阵发性室上性心搏过速PSPULMONICSTENOSIS肺动脉瓣狭窄PVOPULMONARYVENOUSOBSTRUCTION肺静脉阻塞RAARIGHTAORTICARCH右主动脉弓RAIRIGHTATRIALISOMERISM两侧右心房RCARIGHTCORONARYARTERYDISEASE右冠状动脉疾病RCCRIGHTCORONARYCUSPPROLAPSE,RCCPROLAPS右冠状动脉瓣脱垂RDSRESPIRATORTDISTRESSDISEASESYNDROME呼吸窘迫症候群RFRHEUMATICF
8、EVER风湿热RHDRHEUMATICHEARTDISEASE风湿性心脏病SASINGLEATRIUM单心房SBESUBACUTEBACTERIALENDOCARDITIS亚急性细菌性心内膜炎SSSSICKSINUSSYNDROME病窦症候群SVSINGLEVENTRICLE单心室TATRICUSPIDATRESIA,TRICUSPIDVALVEATRESIA三尖瓣闭锁TAPVCTOTALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION全部肺静脉连接异常TAPVRTOTALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN全部肺静脉回流异常TGATRANSPOSI
9、TIONOFTHEGREATARTERIES大动脉转位TOFTETRALOGYOFFALLOT法洛氏四联症TRTRICUSPIDREGURGITATION三尖瓣关闭不全TSTRICUSPIDSTENOSIS三尖瓣狭窄VPCVENTRICULARPREMATURECONTRACTION心室早期收缩VSDVENTRICULARSEPTALDEFECT室间隔缺损WPWWOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITESYNDROMEWPW症候群CARDIACHIBERNATION心脏冬眠CARDIACSTUNNING心脏顿抑-MedicalEquipment（医疗器械）ambulance救护车ampoule
10、安瓿bandage绷带cannula套管，插管defibrillator除颤器dressing敷料forceps钳子gauze纱布mask口罩needle针scissors剪刀syringe注射器thermometer体温计wipes棉球besiderails床栏hemostaticforceps止血钳icebag冰袋laryngoscope喉镜sandbag沙袋sphygmomanometer血压计stethoscope听诊器pacemaker起搏器Medicine(常用药物)Departmentofahospital(医院科室)alcohol酒精ascorbicacid维生素caspiri
11、n阿司匹林capsule胶囊dextrose右旋糖，葡萄糖diazepam安定dopamine多巴胺fursemide呋塞米penicillin青霉素bloodbank血库cardiology心内科cardiovascularsurgery心血管外科in-patientdepartment住院部laboratorydepartment化验科nursingdepartment护理部out-patientdepartment(OPD)门诊registration挂号处operating-room手术室waiting-room候诊室testtube试管NURSING护理first/second/th
12、irdclassattendance一级/二级/三级护理continualoxygenuptake持续吸氧interruptedoxygenuptake间断吸氧take/check/testbloodpressure测血压taketemperature测体温hypoglycemia低血糖症hyperglycemia高血糖hyperlipemia高血脂heartrate心率pulse脉搏temperature体温respiration呼吸dryrale干啰音moistrale湿啰音heartbeat心跳heartsound心音heartmurmur心脏杂音coma昏迷shock休克vitalsi
13、gns生命体征stateofhealth健康状况artery动脉wrist手腕brachial臀部的auscultation听诊percussion叩诊palpation触诊inquiry问诊inspection望诊generalchecking-up全身检查follow-upexamination随访检查consultation会诊diagnosis诊断recovery康复relapse复发focus(复foci)病灶X-rayexaminationX线检查Acidosis酸中毒Administrationn.给药Admissionn.入院Allergic过敏的，患过敏症的Anesthesi
14、an.麻醉Antibioticn.抗生素Anus肛门Asthma哮喘Bedpan便盆Bedsore压疮Bloodtransfusion输血Bowel肠Cuff袖带Diabetesmetabolism糖尿病Neurosis神经官能症Viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎闭式引流closeddrainage肥皂水灌肠soapsudsenema湿热敷applyinghotsocks冷敷applyingcoldcompresses酒精擦浴givinganalcoholspongebath皮内注射endermicinjection皮下注射hypertonicinjection肌内注射intramu
15、scularinjection输血bloodtransfusion输血浆plasmatransfusion禁食absolutediet(fasting)普食fulldiet流质饮食liquiddiet低蛋白饮食low-proteindiet备皮shavingthepatientsskin(shinprep)麻醉anesthesia术前准备preparingthepatientforthesurgery术后护理postoperativecare用弹性绷带applyelasticbandages心肺复苏cardiopulmonaryresuscitation实验室检查completebloodco
16、unt(CBC)全血细胞计数(血常规)Redbloodcellcount(RBC)红细胞计数Whitebloodcellcount(WBC)白细胞计数Hematocrit(HCT)红细胞压积/比容Bloodureanitrogen(BUN)血尿素氮liverfunctiontest(LFTs)肝功能测试livfkntestKidneyfunction肾功能kidniactivatedpartialthromboplastintime(APTT)部分活性凝血时间ktiveitp:lrmbplstinProthrombintime(PT)凝血酶原时间internationalnormalizedr
17、atio(INR)国际标准比率intnnln:mlaizeinreiuhighdensitylipoprotein(HDL)高密度脂蛋白lowdensitylipoproteine(LDL)低密度脂蛋白arterialbloodgas(ABG)动脉血气gsultrasound超声echocardiography心脏彩超ekuk:digrfiabdominalultrasound腹部超声holtermonitor(Holter)24小时动态心电图mnitcardiacstresstest心脏运动试验stresX-rayX线检查Chestx-ray(CXR)胸片magneticresonancei
18、maging(MRI)核磁共振影像mgnetikreznnsangiogram血管造影computedtomography(CT)计算机断层扫描术chestCT胸部CTheadCT脑部CThedIncreaseCTscan增强CT扫描micropump微量泵bloodgasanalysis血气分析openingsnap:开瓣音|二尖瓣开放拍击音|开放拍节音murmurm:m杂音CK-MB肌酸激酶同工酶（creatinekinase-MB）troponintrpnin,tru-n.肌钙蛋白bloodculture血培养radiographreidiur:f,-rfn.射线照片；X光照片chest
19、radiograph:胸片|线检查HolterECGmonitoring:动态心电图cardiaccatheterization:心导管检查coronaryangiography:冠状血管造影术percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty:经皮腔内冠脉成形术Radiofrequencycatheterablation:经导管射频消融Percutaneousintracoronarystentimplantation:经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术cardioversion:心脏电复律defibrillation:除颤ejectionfraction(EF
20、)射血分数科室心血管外科门诊CardiovascularSurgeryClinic门诊OutpatientDept.挂号处Registration门诊治疗室OutpatientTreatmentRoom诊室1ConsultationRoom1急诊科EmergencyDept.急诊抢救室EmergencyRoom药房Pharmacy灌肠室EnemaRoom换药室DressingRoom采血室Bloodcollectionroom客服中心CustomerService内科诊区InternalMedicineConsultingArea内科病房InternalMedicineWard内科Intern
21、alMedicineDept./InternalMedicine心脏内科cardiology心脏外科cardiacsurgery外科SurgeryDept./Surgery手术室operatingroom(OR)第一手术室OperatingRoom(1)麻醉恢复室AnesthesiaRecoveryRoom麻醉准备室AnesthesiaPreparationRoom外科病房SurgeryWard小儿心脏科PediatricCardiologyDept.放射科RadiologyDept./RadiologyCT室CTRoomCT检查室CTExaminationRoom数字减影DigitalSub
22、traction(DSA)磁共振室MagneticResonance(MR)RoomDR摄片室DigitalRadiography(DR)Room导管室CatheterRoom登记处Registration化验室Laboratory/Lab血液常规化验室RoutineTestLabofBloodSample血生化BiochemicalTestofBlood超声科UltrasonographyDept.心电图室ECGRoom病案科MedicalRecordsDept.供应室SupplyRoom病理Pathology病房Ward病区InpatientArea输血科BloodTransfusionD
23、ept.血库BloodBank护理部NursingDept./Nursing医务部(处)MedicalAdministrationDivision护理部NursingDept.计算机中心ComputerCenter信息科/信息办公室InformationCenter/InformationOffice病案室MedicalRecordsRoom图书馆Library心电图Electrocardiogram(ECG)心电图ilektruk:digrmNormalECG正常心电图n:mlAbnormalECG不正常心电图bn:mlSinusrhythm(SR)窦性心律sainsrimSinustach
24、ycardia窦性心动过速sainstkik:diSinusbradycardia窦性心动过缓sainsbrdik:diSinusarrhythmia窦性心律不齐sainsrimiSinusarrest窦性停搏sainsrestSinusrhythmwithshortPR窦性心律PR间期缩短sainsrimwi:tSicksinussyndrome(SSS)病态窦房结综合征siksainssindrumAtrialflutter(AF)心房扑动eitrilfltAtrialfibrillation(Af)心房颤动eitrilfaibrileinVentricularflutter心室扑动ven
25、trikjulfltVentricularfibrillation(VF)心室颤动ventrikjulfaibrileinRightbundlebranchblock(RBBB)右束支阻滞raitbndlbr:ntblkCompleterightbundlebranchblock(CRBBB)完全右束支阻滞kmpli:traitbndlbr:ntblkIncompleterightbundlebranchblock不完全右束支传导阻滞inkmpli:traitbndlbr:ntblkFirstdegreeatrioventricularblock(AVB)一度房室阻滞f:stdigri:eit
26、riuventrikjulblkSeconddegreeatrioventricularblock二度房室阻滞seknddigri:eitriuventrikjulblkThirddegreeatrioventricularblock三度房室阻滞:ddigri:eitriuventrikjulblkSeconddegreetype/atrioventricularblock二度/型房室阻滞seknddigri:taipeitriuventrikjlblkLeftventricularhypertrophy(LVH)左室肥厚leftventrikjulhaip:trfirightventricu
27、larhypertrophy(RVH)右室肥厚raitventrikjulhaip:trfiBiventricularhypertrophy双室肥厚baiventrikjulhaip:trfiWideQRSrhythmQRS波增宽waidrimProlongedQTQT间期延长prldInvertedTwavesT波倒置inv:tidweivPathologicalQwave病理性Q波pldiklweivAcutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)急性心肌梗死kju:tmaik:dilinf:knOldinferiormyocardialinfarction陈旧性下壁心梗uld
28、infirimaik:dilinf:knAcuteanteriormyocardialinfarction急性前壁心肌梗死kju:tntirimaik:dilinf:knAcuteinferiormyocardialinfarction急性下壁心肌梗死kju:tinfirimaik:dilinf:knAcuteposteriormyocardialinfarction急性后壁心肌梗死kju:tpstirimaik:dilinf:knSTelevationST段抬高eliveinAcuteSTelevationmyocardialinfarction(STEMI)急性ST段抬高型心梗kju:te
29、liveinmaik:dilinf:knAcuteNon-STelevationmyocardialinfarction(NSTEMI)急性非ST段抬高型心梗kju:tnneliveinmaik:dilinf:knST-TchangingST-T改变teindiEscapebeat逸搏iskeipbi:tEscaperhythm逸搏节律iskeiprimAtrialescapebeat房性逸搏eitriliskeipbi:tJunctionalescapebeat交界性逸搏dknliskeipbi:tVentricularescapebeat室性逸搏ventrikjuliskeipbi:tVe
30、ntricularTachycardia(VT)室性心动过速ventrikjultkik:diParoxysmalventriculartachycardia阵发性室性心动过速prksizmlventrikjultkik:diParoxysmalSupraVentricularTachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速prksizmlsu:prventrikjultkik:diLowvoltage低电压luvultidLeftaxisdeviation电轴左偏leftksisdi:vieinRightaxisdeviation电轴右偏raitksisdi:vieinPacemake
31、rsignal起搏脉冲信号peismeiksignlBorderlineECG边缘心电图(介于正常与不正常之间)b:dlainLastECG临终心电图l:stWolf-Parkinson-White(WPW)WPW(预激)综合症wulfp:kinsnwaitEarlyrepolarization(ER)过早复极:liri:pulraizeinPrematureatrialcontraction(PAC)房性期前收缩premtueitrilkntrk()nPrematureventricularcontraction(PVC)室性期前收缩premtuventrikjulkntrk()nJunct
32、ionalprematurecontraction交界性期前收缩dknlpremtukntrk()nBigeminy二联律baideminiTrigeminy三联律traidiminihighdegreeAVblock高度房室传导阻滞haidigri:eivi:blkAVdissociation房室分离eivi:disusiein常见临床表现1、pain疼痛pein2、chestpain胸痛testpein3、abdominalpain腹痛bdminl4、nausea恶心n:zi,n:si5、dryretching干呕draireti6、vomit呕吐vmit7、vomitus呕吐物vmits
33、8、tachypnea呼吸过速tkipni:9、dyspnea呼吸困难dispni:10、orthopnoea端坐呼吸,:upni:11、apnea呼吸暂停、窒息pni:12、shortnessofbreath呼吸短促:tnisbre13、cough咳嗽kf14、drycough干咳15、sputum痰spju:tm16、frothysputum泡沫样痰frispju:tm17、nosebleed鼻出血nuzbli:d18、headache头疼hedeik19、dizziness头晕dizini:s20、syncope晕厥sikpi21、coma昏迷kum22、hypertension高血压h
34、aiptenn23、highbloodpressure高血压24、hypotension低血压haiputenn25、lowbloodpressure低血压lu26、thirst口渴:st27、fever发烧fi:v28、palpitation心悸plpitein29、angina心绞痛ngain30、insomnia失眠insmni31、constipation便秘knstipein32、diarrhea腹泻dairi33、polyuria多尿plijri34、oliguria少尿ligjuri35、anuria无尿njuri36、edema浮肿、水肿i:di:m37、pittingedem
35、a凹陷性水肿pitii:di:m38、allergy过敏ldi39、cyanosis紫绀，发绀sainusis40、fatigued疲乏无力的fti:gdSurgicalcare外科护理Preoperativecare术前护理1.preoperativeguidance术前指导2.takebloodpressure测血压3.preoperativeskinpreparation术前备皮4.enema灌肠5.crossmatching交叉配血试验6.skinsensitivitytest皮试7.catheterization导尿8.administrationbeforesurgery手术前给药
36、9.echocardiography超声心动图10.ECG心电图11.chestX-ray胸片12.laboratorytests实验室检查Postoperativecare术后护理1.cheekvitalsigns测量生命体征Pulse脉搏Temperature体温Respiratory呼吸BP-bloodpressure血压2.administration/givedrugs给药3.giveIVfluids静脉补液4.ECGmonitoring心电监测5.nutrition/dietcare饮食护理6.personalandoralhygiene个人及口腔卫生7.oxygeninhalat
37、ion吸氧8.sputumaspirator吸痰9.atomization雾化10.cathetercare尿管护理11.skincarepreventbedsore皮肤护理预防褥疮12.preventionofDVT(deepveinthrombosis)预防深静脉血栓13.input-outputcharting计出入量14.documentation护理记录15.physicaltherapy体疗16.ventilatorcare呼吸机护理17.pacemakercare起搏器护理常用药肾上腺素adrenalinedrnlan去甲肾上腺素noradrenalinenrdrenln异丙肾上
38、腺素isoprenalineasprenln多巴胺dopaminedpmn阿托品atropinetrpn硝酸甘油nitroglycerinnatrglsrn罂粟碱papaverineppvrn,-rn/-pev-胃复安(甲氧氯普胺)metoclopramidedihydrochloride西地兰deslanoside胺碘酮(可达龙)amiodarone硝普钠sodiumnitroprussidesdm维拉帕米verapamil,vrpml地西泮diazepamdazipm吗啡morphinemrfn/m-哌替啶pethidinepedn芬太尼fentanyl异丙嗪promethazineprm
39、ezn尼可刹米nikethamide洛贝林lobelinelbln可待因kodeine/codeinekdn氨茶碱aminophylline,mnfln呋塞米furosemide甘露醇mannitolmntl肝素heparinheprn鱼精蛋白protamineprtmn,-mn氢化可的松hydrocortisonehadrktzn地塞米松dexamethasone,deksmesn强地松prednisoneprednsn甲强龙solu-medrol胰岛素insulinnsln/-sjl-西咪替丁cimetidinesametdn利多卡因lidocaineladken普鲁卡因procainep
40、rken氯胺酮ketaminektmn依托咪酯etomidate琥珀胆碱suxamethonium艾司洛尔esmolol佩尔地平Nicardipine碘帕醇Iopamidol葡萄糖glucosegluks5%糖盐水5%glucoseinnormalsaline(GNS)5%葡萄糖5%glucosesolution(GS)slun生理盐水normalsaline(NS)nmlselan5%碳酸氢钠5%sodiumbicarbonatesdmbakbnt氯化钾potassiumchlorideptsmklrad氯化钙calciumchlorideklsm葡萄糖酸钙calciumgluconateglukneit复方氯化钠(林格液)compoundsodiumchlorideinjectionkmpand乳酸林格液lactatedRingerssolution(LR)lktetr(r)slun碳酸氢钠sodiumbicarbon