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1、2022-2023年高中英语基础知识题库单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、Last week, we visited the Three Gorges Dam,is one of the world, s largest power.A . whichB . thatC . whereD . what答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：上周，我们参观了三峡大坝，它是世界上最大的发电厂之一。分析句子结构可知，空处 需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Three Gorges Dam,指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以 空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。应选A。2、de
2、cision he made, I would support it.A . HoweverB . No matter whatC . WheneverD . Wherever答案：B解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：不管他做什么决定，我都会支持。A. However无论如何；B. No matter what无论什 么；C. Whenever无论何时；D. Wherever无论什么地方。分析句子可知，句子为让步状语从句，根据句意“不 管他做什么决定”可知，空格处应用“No matter what”引导从句，意为“无论什么”。应选B项。3、I will publish my results onl
3、y when I have my research.A . beganB . concludedC . reportedD . read答案：B解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只有在研究结束后才会发表我的研究结果。A. began开始；B. concluded结束,27、 Lihua is such a great student that he only spent one day a himself to the study in his new schooland now he gets along with with his classmates.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：adap
4、ting#dapting解析：考查动词。句意：李华是一个非常好的学生，他只花了一天时间适应新学校的学习，现在他和同学们相处得很 好。根据句意和首字母提示,动词adapt “使适应”符合题意，好apt oneself to“使自己适应”；根据 spend.（in） doing sth, “花做某事”可知，此处应用adapt的动名词形式作宾语。故填adapting。28、The poor man was t into sending money to an unknown man, who claimed to be a bank clerk.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:tricked#ricke
5、d解析：考查动词。句意：这个可怜的人被骗把钱寄给了一个自称是银行职员的陌生人。根据句意和首字母提示可知， 动词trick “欺骗”符合题意，主语man和trick之间是被动关系，空处应填过去分词和上文was构成一般过去 时的被动语态。故填tricked。小提示：29、Tom was e chairman, for he is hard-working and responsible.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:elected#lected解析：考查动词时态语态。句意：汤姆被选为了主席，因为他努力且负责。结合句意和首字母提示可知，动词elect “选举，推选”符合题意，它和主语Tom之间为被动关
6、系，故空处应用其过去分词形式和was构成被动 语态。故填elected。小提示：1030、 The equipment can be p from your local supplier. But the prices are higher than average.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：purchased#urchased解析：考查动词。句意：设备可以从当地供应商处购买。但价格高于平均水平。根据句型结构和句意可知，这里可以 填动词，且应用过去分词结构，与前面助动词be构成被动形式，再根据首字母可知，应填purchased,表“购 买”，为动词。故填purchased。31、The wa
7、r between Ukraine and Russia got the old couple worried and they waited a for the phonecall from their son every day.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:anxiously#nxiously解析：考查副词。句意：乌克兰和俄罗斯的战争让这对老夫妇很担忧，他们每天都焦急地等待儿子的 。该空修饰 动词wait,应该用副词。因为战争，所以这对老夫妇焦急地等待儿子的 。表示“焦急地，焦虑地”，应该 用 anxiously。故填 anxiouslyo32、Education should be a
8、universal right and not a p.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：privilege#rivilege解析：考查名词。句意：教育应该是普遍的权利，而不是特权。此处缺少单数名词作表语，根据首字母和句意“特权” 可知是 privilege,故填 privilege。33、 Many species are in danger of e because of our destruction of their natural habitat.（根据首字母单词拼写） 答案：extinction#xtinction11解析: 考查名词。句意：许多物种因为我们破坏了它们的自然栖息地而处于灭
9、绝的危险之中。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“灭绝”的意思的名词，做介词Of的宾语，是不可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填 extinctiorio34、The stadium is large enough to a 100,000 viewers.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：accommodate#ccommodate解析：考查动词。句意：这个体育场足够容纳10万名观众。结合句意及首字母提示可知，动词accommodate “容纳” 符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，故空处用动词原形。故填accommodate。35、There are many people who are tryin
10、g to raise a of kindness.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:awareness#wareness解析：考查名词。句意：有许多人正在努力提高人们对善的意识。分析句子结构可知，此处位于及物动词“raise”（提高）后，所以要填名词，在句中作宾语；根据句意及首字母提示，可知此处涉及短语“raise awareness of” （提高对的意识）。故填awareness。36、People usually measure d in miles or kilometers.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：distance#istance解析：考查名词。句意：人们通常用英里或公里来衡量距离。空
11、处应填名词作宾语，结合句意及首字母提示可知， distance距离，是不可数名词。故填distance。37、When you study abroad, it is likely that you will come across the language b.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:barrier#arrier12解析: 考查名词。句意：当你在国外读书时，你可能会遇到语言障碍。空格处是宾语，要用名词，根据首字母提示及 句意填 barrier。故填 barrier。38、When you are in Australia, you can easily find k with their
12、 babies in their pockets.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：kangaroos#angaroos解析：考查名词。句意：在澳大利亚，你可以轻易地发现口袋里装着宝宝的袋鼠。根据单词首字母以及their babies in their pockets可知,应填名词kangaroo （袋鼠）。又根据下文their判断此处应该用名词复数。故填kangaroos。39、To be a well-rounded i, you should always look on the bright side and never lose hope even in tough situations.
13、（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：individual解析：考查名词。句意：为了成为一个全面开展的人，你应该总是看到光明的一面，即使在艰难的情况下也不要失去 希望。根据单词首字母以及句意“个人”，以及上文的形容词well-rounded,可知此处应填名词individual ； 又根据前文的定冠词a,可知应填可数名词的单数形式。故填individual。40、We must protect these endangered animals before they become e.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：extinct#xtinct解析：考查形容词。句意：我们必须在这些濒危动物灭绝之前保护它们。
14、由“protect these endangered animals”可 知，句子表示“我们必须在这些濒危动物灭绝之前保护它们”，空格处意为“灭绝，become后跟形容词作 表语，由首字母提示e可知，“灭绝”的形容词是extinct,故填extinct。1341、Firstly, exploring space has already made a d in the fight against world hunger.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：difference#ifference解析：考查名词。句意：首先，探索太空已经在战胜世界饥饿方面产生影响。根据make a difference（
15、产生影响）可知 空格处是宾语，要用名词，结合首字母和句意填difference。42、 Galton would arrive on the s with a large wooden brick, lower it to the ground and stand on it.答案：scene#cene#spot#pot解析：考查名词。句意：高尔顿会带着一块大木砖到达现场，把它放在地上，站在上面。根据句子结构分析可知，这 里应填名词，再根据句意和首字母提示可知，可填scene/spot, on the scene/spot表示“现场”，为固定搭配。 故填 scene/spoto43、Any f
16、irm is willing to hire those who are knowledgeable and have professional c.（根据首字母单词 拼写）答案:competence#ompetence解析：考查名词。句意：任何公司都愿意雇佣那些有知识和专业能力的人。形容词professional后接名词形式作宾语。 competence能力，为不可数名词。结合首字母提示及句意，故填competence。44、I gave it a last check, and sat myself in the I seat.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:leather#eather解析：
17、考查名词。句意：我最后检查了一下，然后坐在皮椅上。根据首字母提示和句意“皮椅”可知是名词leather,14名词作定语，表示材质，故填leather。45、Another problem is that the victim often denies being an alcohol a and social drinker.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：addict#ddict解析：考查名词。句意：另一个问题是，受害者经常否认自己是一个酒精成瘾者和社交饮酒者。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词addict,意为“成瘾者”，an alcohol addict意为“酒精成瘾者，酗酒者”；此处deny
18、后接动名词短语 being an alcohol addict and social drinkero 故填 addicto书信写作（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）46、假定你是李华，你校文化俱乐部即将举办唐诗鉴赏会。请你给交换生朋友Fred写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：时间、地点；（2）内容：唐诗诵读与鉴赏、诗歌创作经验交流等；（3）意义。注意：写作词数应为80左右。答案:One possible version:Dear Fred,r m writing to invite you to take part in a Tang poetry appreciation activit
19、y in the school culture club next Friday.During the activity, we II first enjoy the recitation of some classic Tang poems. Second, a literary expert will be invited to lead us in appreciating some Tang poems. More importantly, we* II share experience in composing15poems. This activity will help the
20、poem lovers have a better understanding of Tang poems and Chinese culture. I know you, re fond of Chinese poems, so this will be a good opportunity for you to further your appreciation of them.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友Fred写封邮件，邀请他参加你校文化俱乐部即将举办的唐 诗鉴赏会。词汇积累专家:expertspecialist欣赏：appreci
21、ate-admire机会：opportunity-chance参力口 : take part inparticipate in(2)句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：r m writing to invite you to take part in a Tang poetry appreciation activity in the school culture club next Friday.拓展句：I m writing to invite you to take part in a Tang poetry appreciation activity which will be held in
22、 the school culture club next Friday.小提示：16高分句型 1T m writing to invite you to take part in a Tang poetry appreciation activity in the school cultureclub next Friday1运用了不定式作目的状语）高分句型 2l know you re fond of Chinese poems, so this will be a good opportunity for you to further your appreciation of them.
23、（运用了 that引导的宾语从句，省略了 that）47、假设你是李津，你的英国的笔友Peter想了解你最近生活和学习的情况，请给他写一封电子邮件，介绍你 们学校寒假期间开展的“品读经典，提升素养”读书月活动的情况。要点如下：介绍活动的目的、形式、参加对象；介绍你在活动中读过的一本经典书籍：表达你的感受。注意：（I）词数不少于100词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。必须包含提示内容：可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。Dear Peter,How are you?Best wishes.Yours,Li Jin答案:Dear Peter,Last month was my school1
24、 s Reading Month , which required every student at my school to read at least on classic book during the month.17At the end of the month, students would gather in groups and discuss the books they read. It was a great time to learn more knowledge, cultivate our reading interest, and exchange differe
25、nt opinions with each other. I finally had the time to finish The Little Prince, written by the French author Antoine de Saint-Exupery. It tells the story of a boy from space who travels around the universe to meet people of every background. He views each world through his innocent eyes. The words
26、of wisdom in the book, such as One sees clearly only with the heart” , touched me deeply.Looking back, I really enjoyed the adventure with the little prince, all thanks to this Reading Month.Yours,Li Jin解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Peter写一封电子邮件，介绍学校寒假期间开展的“品读经典, 提升素养”读书月活动的情况。词汇积累要求:require request培养
27、：cultivate develop交流：share exchange打动：touch move欣赏:enjoy appreciate句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Last month was my schooL s Reading Month . It required every student at my school to read at least18on classic book during the month.拓展句：Last month was my schooL s Reading Month , which required every student at my scho
28、ol to read at least on classic book during the month.小提示：高分句型 lLast month was my school1 s Reading Month , which required every student at my school to read at least on classic book during the month.（运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2l finally had the time to finish The Little Prince, written by the Frenc
29、h author Antoine de Saint- Exupery .（运用了过去分词作后置定语）高分句型 3Looking back, I really enjoyed the adventure with the little prince, all thanks to this Reading Month” .（运用了现在分词作状语）48、假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信说他的父母打算搬家到纽约，他感到很苦恼，因为他更喜欢目前 的小镇生活。请给他写封回信。内容包括：表示理解；你的看法及建议；表达祝愿。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案：Dear
30、Tom,I really understand your situation. If s never easy to leave a familiar neighborhood for an unfamiliar one.In my opinion, urban life also has its advantages. For instance, cities have a better learning environment. Also, more job opportunities are available there. Maybe thaf s why your parents h
31、ave planned to move. So you19 得出结论；C. reported报告；D. read阅读。根据前文“I will publish my results可知，在研究结束后才发表 研究结果。应选B项。4、I hope the car won, t while we re driving in the countryside.A . break inB . break downC . break upD . break through答案：B解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望我们在乡下开车时车子不会发生故障。A. break in破门而入；B. break down
32、抛锚，发生故障；C. break up分手；D. break through取得突破。由前文car可知，表示车发生故障，需 用动词短语break downo应选B。5、 I at this time last year, and now I ve been a teacher for a whole year.A . was interviewingB . was being interviewedC . had been interviewedD . interviewed答案：B解析：考查时态和语态。句意：去年的这个时候我正在接受面试，现在我已经当了一年的老师了。根据时间状语at this
33、 time last year可知，用过去进行时。主语I与interview之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。应选B。6、Victor Hugo once said, Laughter is the sun drives winter from the human face.”A . thatB . whoC .不填 D . where答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：维克多雨果曾经说过：“笑声是太阳，它把冬天从人类的脸上赶走。”分析句子可知，should communicate with your parents about the move and express yourself. If
34、if s settled, you* d better adapt yourself and get ready for the new life.Please don1 t hesitate to tell me if there s anything I can do. May you get rid of your trouble soon.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给即将搬家到纽约美国朋友Tom写一封回信，在信中给他一些建议，他 为搬家的事而苦恼，因为他更喜欢目前的小镇生活。词汇积累理角星：understand一comprehend可利用的，
35、可得到的：availableobtainable准备：get ready for-prepare for犹豫：hesitatestand at句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：So you should communicate with your parents about the move and express yourself.拓展句：So you should communicate with your parents about the move so that you can express yourself.小提示：【高分句型1】Maybe thaf s why your parent
36、s have planned to move.（运用了 why 引导的表语从句）20【高分句型2】Please don1 t hesitate to tell me if there s anything I can do.（运用了 if 引导的条件状语从句）49、假设你是学校英语俱乐部部长李华。2022年寒假期间你密切关注在中国北京举行的冬季奥运会，开学后你代表俱乐部在全校的学生大会上围绕“体育精神做了一个演讲，主要内容包括：谈谈何为体育精神（至少两点）；鼓励积极参与锻炼。注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：体育精神sportsmanship,对手opponent
37、Good morning, everyone!Thanks for your listening!答案：Good morning, everyone! T m Li Hua. It is such a great honor to be on behalf of the English Club and give a speech to you today. The topic of my speech is sportsmanship.Sportsmanship means that a competitor works hard to improve and achieve sportin
38、g excellence. Moreover, sportsmanship calls for cooperation with teammates and respect for opponents, which will double a competitor1 s happiness. Sportsmanship also lies in fair play and it will undoubtedly contribute to the richness and charm of sporting life.Sportsmanship is highly thought of in
39、every field and let s enjoy sports! It can not only build up our body and keep us healthy, but also refresh our mind after studying for a long time. Sports surely make our studies more21effective.Thanks for your listening!解析：【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章要求李华代表俱乐部在全校的学生大会上围绕“体育精神”做了一个演讲。词汇积累代表：on behalf of represen
40、t提升：improve-promote此夕卜：moreover besides（2）句式拓展简单句变复合句简单句：Sportsmanship is highly thought of in every field and let s enjoy sports! It can not only build up our body and keep us healthy, but also refresh our mind after studying for a long time.复合句：Sportsmanship is highly thought of in every field and
41、 let1 s enjoy sports, because it can not only build up our body and keep us healthy, but also refresh our mind after studying for a long time.小提示：【高分句型 1 Moreover, sportsmanship calls for cooperation with teammates and respect for opponents, which will double a competitor, s happiness.（运用了 which 引导的
42、非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 1 Sportsmanship means that a competitor works hard to improve and achieve sporting excellence.（运用了 that引导的宾语从句）50、目前，我们国家的野生动物正面临着巨大的挑战。为了让更多人去帮助他们，世界自然保护基金组织22WWRWorld Wildlife Fund）正在举行一场名为“Speak For Animals”的征文比赛。假如你是重庆七中学生李华, 请写一篇稿件。内容如下：描述野生动物的变化趋势；分析其变化原因；提出建议和期待。Dear everyone,Y
43、ours sincerely,Li Hua答案：Dear everyone,r m Li Hua, a student from Chongqing N.O 7 High School, China. Learning that the wild animals are struggling day and night, T m so honored to speak for wildlife and also eager to draw your attention to the emergent situation of the endangered species.Owing to th
44、e human beings destructive influence, not only is their homeland getting smaller but also the wild animals are being hunted illegally for their high value. As a result, the number of these precious species has been decreasing sharply at an alarming rate, which leaves them at the edge of extinction.
45、As far as I am aware, we are supposed to do whatever we can to give a hand to those species in danger. Therefore, what I want to suggest is that we should start more natural reserves. And I m sincerely appealing to everyone of you to be a volunteer. If if s convenient, would you please have a close
46、observation of the poor animals and offer your assistance as well as measures to prevent them dying out completely?I will appreciate it if you can do something to our animal friends! Looking forward to your efforts.23Yours Sincerely,Lihua解析：【导语】这是一篇发言稿。要求考生写一篇文章参加名为“Speak For Animals”的征文比赛，文章需要描述野生动
47、物的 变化趋势、分析原因并提出建议和期待。词汇积累紧急的：urgent-emergent由于:due to-owing to珍贵的：valuableprecious阻止做某事：keep.from doingprevent.(from) doing句型拓展简单句变复合句原句：I* m so honored to speak for wildlife and also eager to draw your attention to the emergent situation of the endangered species.拓展句：T m so honored to speak for wil
48、dlife and also eager to draw your attention to the emergent situation of the species which are in danger of extinction.小提示：高分句型 lLearning that the wild animals are struggling day and night, T m so honored to speak for wildlife and also eager to draw your attention to the emergent situation of the endangered species.(运用了现在分词作 状语和that引导的宾语从句)24高分句型 20wing to the human beings destruc