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1、高考阅读七选五做题技巧本讲稿第一页，共四十一页一）一）题题型解型解读读：试题模式试题模式：给出一篇缺少给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）（考试说明）选项特点：选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释
2、性句子（上下文逻辑意义）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）本讲稿第二页，共四十一页速读全文，关注速读全文，关注每段首尾句每段首尾句，了解大意知主了解大意知主题题浏览选项浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，理解全篇逻辑关系,找出关键词找出关键词运用运用上下文所上下文所重复的关键词重复的关键词推断推断 利用利用同义词和近义词同义词和近义词关系关系 利用利用词的上下义词的上下义关系关系 利用利用反义词反义词、过渡词过渡词关系关系 理清结构理清结构，检验检验答案答案七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:本讲稿第三页，共四十一页根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)
3、如果如果问题在段首问题在段首 通常是段落主题句通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题了解大意知主题 2）如果空格出现在）如果空格出现在段中段中，这时要根据空格，这时要根据空格前后前后的句子意思、的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系逻辑关系来确定答案来确定答案3)如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 通常是通常是结论、概括性语句结论、概括性语句。注意在。注意在选项中查找表示结果
4、、结选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词论、总结等的信号词，如，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。本讲稿第四页，共四十一页短小精悍短小精悍（多为（多为名词性短语、祈名词性短语、祈使句使句）Key words动词动词名词名词代词代词时间时间序数词序数词连词连词副词副词also标题：标题：大写，较短，结合全文大写，较短，结合全文段首：段首：根括文段根括文段段尾：段尾：总结，承上启下总结，承上启下structur
5、es段中：段中：承上启下承上启下小标题小标题本讲稿第五页，共四十一页本讲稿第六页，共四十一页根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果如果问题在段首问题在段首 通常是段落主题句通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题2)如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 通常是通常是结论、概括性语句结论、概括性语句。注意在。注意在选项中查找表示结选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词果、
6、结论、总结等的信号词，如，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语等词语，选项中也可发现前文的选项中也可发现前文的同义词句同义词句。本讲稿第七页，共四十一页主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容）1.标题型标题型 短小精悍短小精悍（多为（多为名词性短语、祈使句名词性短语、祈使句）2.首句型首句型1)首段首段首句首句2)中间段中间段首句首句3)末段末段首句首句文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应靠上下文承接做题靠上下文承接做题总结下文总结下文 本段主题本段主题文章主题，首
7、尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应本讲稿第八页，共四十一页 Ex.10 _ Every day,when she comes back home from work,she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture,and putting everything in order.She seems to be busy all the time.Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often
8、 buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us.A.she enjoys listening to class music.B.She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.C.My mother is hardworking and never wastes money.D.As a mother,she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.本讲稿第九页，共四十一页本讲稿第十页，共四十一页Part IIPa
9、ssage 1 _ Universities in Britain are a magnet for overseas students.There are currently over 200 000 from outside Britain studying at British universities.The largest single group is Chinese students.There are currently 50 000 in the UK.A.Universities in the UKB.It is very simple to become an inter
10、national student in the UKC.Scholarships in Universities 标题标题本讲稿第十一页，共四十一页Part IIPassage 2 _ When a person does a certain thing again,he is impelled(迫使迫使)by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly;thus a habit is formed.Once a habit is formed,it is difficult,and sometimes impossible,to get
11、 rid of.A.It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.B.Habits,whether good or bad,are gradually formed.C.Whether good or not habits are,they are easy to get rid of.段首段首本讲稿第十二页，共四十一页Part IIPassage 3 Nowadays in China,parents care about their childrens education more tha
12、n anything else.They spend a lot coaching(训练训练)their children in their studies.Some even hire teachers for their children.Many have their children sent to after-class schools._.A.It seems as if a better education is all that parents expect for their children.B.Skills and knowledge means competition.
13、C.Skills and knowledge doesnt mean all.段尾段尾本讲稿第十三页，共四十一页Part IIPassage 4 Not all past predictions have been proved wrong._ Some great thinkers predicted the arriveal of the credit card,the fax machine and even the internet-years before they happened.A.Predictions of the FutureB.A few of them have be
14、en surprisingly accurate.C.It hasnt appear yet.段中段中本讲稿第十四页，共四十一页Part IIPassage 6 Learning another language isnt easy,_ Language learning is cumulative(积累):you cannot put it off until weekend.Distribute your study time Study a different task each time:vocabulary now,grammar next.etc.A.Study every day
15、.B.If youre asked to listen,practice listening.C.So youll at least have looked at it all.小标题小标题本讲稿第十五页，共四十一页 1._ Today,there are hundreds of different types of rock music,and almost every country has its own form of rock music.There is“heavy metal”which is very loud with hard rhythms,“rap”that devel
16、oped on the streets of New York,“disco”,a type of soft rock music for dancing.and many more.A.Rock and roll B.What todays rock music is like C.What popular music is D.The changes of country music E.Traditional folk music F.What country music isB本讲稿第十六页，共四十一页2._ Rock and roll came from jazz and blues
17、 during the 1950s.One of the first very famous rock and roll singers was Elvis Presley.Now,almost every country has many rock and roll bands and singers.Some performers call their music by different names,like rap or punk.A.Rock and roll B.What todays rock music is like C.What popular music is D.The
18、 changes of country music E.Traditional folk music F.What country music isA本讲稿第十七页，共四十一页 3._ The music that most people like to sing and play today is called popular music.This includes the songs that you hear on the radio,in movies,and on TV.Some of the most popular kinds of music now are rock and
19、roll and the country western music.A.Rock and roll B.What todays rock music is like C.What popular music is D.The changes of country music E.Traditional folk music F.What country music isc本讲稿第十八页，共四十一页4._ Country music known as country western music has a long history.It comes from the folk songs of
20、 immigrants(移民移民)from Britain.Country music uses simple music and words to express everyday feelings such as loneliness,love and sadness.A.Rock and roll B.What todays rock music is like C.What popular music is D.The changes of country music E.Traditional folk music F.What country music isF本讲稿第十九页，共四
21、十一页5._ Country music became popular first among cowboys in the American western countryside.Cowboys used to sing peaceful and beautiful songs to calm animals and get over their own fear.In recent years,many musicians have made country western music a little different from the music in the past.These
22、 changes make the songs sound even better.Choose the right topic for each paragraph according to the passage.One of them is not useful.A.Rock and roll B.What todays rock music is like C.What popular music is D.The changes of country music E.Traditional folk music F.What country music isD本讲稿第二十页，共四十一
23、页本讲稿第二十一页，共四十一页1)词汇复现法词汇复现法复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对下文不同的位置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重重复复描述。复现关系，主要是指描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复同义词复现现、近义词复现、反义词复现近义词复现、反义词复现等。等。双保险：上下文再核实一下双保险：上下文再核实一下本讲稿第二十二页，共四十一页Part IPassage 2 _ The image includes the way you look,the way you act,the wa
24、y you talk and the way you think.Interestingly,our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.A.Always love yourself.B.Self-image is your own minds picture of yourself.C.Dont allow doubts to occur in it.self-imagesSelf-imageimage本讲稿第二十三页，共四十一页Ex1 By 2020,Dr.David Davi
25、s believes,car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road,whatever the weather conditions,by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen._Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar(牵引杠）牵引杠）to the car in front to form“roadtrains”.A.Every driver will use less fuel
26、 in the car he owns.B.The car will automatically speed up,or slow down,to match the speed of the car in front.C.And it will not be owned by one individual.D.And by 2030,cars will travel in line,linked to each other electronically.本讲稿第二十四页，共四十一页2)词汇同现法词汇同现法词汇同现是指属于词汇同现是指属于同一词汇同一词汇或者或者跟此词汇相跟此词汇相关同一领域的
27、词汇关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的语义衔接的目的。你可以。你可以在选项中找到与此词在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密越紧密.本讲稿第二十五页，共四十一页Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that wa
28、y._A.There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.B.Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.C.On the contrary,if you are around people who are happy,their emotional state will be infectious.are aroundSurround本讲稿第二十六页，共四十一页Ex2On the other hand,the
29、 advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,A.The following are its ad
30、vantages.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.本讲稿第二十七页，共四十一页3)代词线索代词线索指代指代前面提及的名词或形容词前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利概念，巧妙利用差异可以准确而快速地解题。用差异可以准确而快速地解题。(it,they)本讲稿第二十八页，共四十一页 _ Improved thinking abilities will help them to u
31、nderstand more both in academic sense and in as an individual.Always love yourself.A.Thinking is a skill.B.Creative thinking techniques can develop childrens mind.C.Thinking is a tool,and it is something that can be sharpened.themchildren本讲稿第二十九页，共四十一页 _ They give more background and details.They al
32、so let you read parts that are important to you and skip the rest.A.Both television and the Internet have many disadvantages.B.Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.C.Newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.TheyNewspapers and magazinesread本讲稿第三十页，共四十一页Ex3That happens
33、in the 1980s.And,most recently,she says many kinds of people have joined the movement._They represent many races,regions and political beliefs.A.They are mainly rich peopleB.Parents choose homeschooling for several reasons.C.Most often,their parents are their teachers.D.She says these include rich p
34、eople and poor people.本讲稿第三十一页，共四十一页(a)并列与递进关系：因果关系并列与递进关系：因果关系4)逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索本讲稿第三十二页，共四十一页Ex.1_ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs.Others say it provides more time for the family to be together.They say home offers a better place for learning.Some parents.A.So a number of parents beg
35、an home-schooling B.Home schooling is not accepted by all the people C.Parents choose home schooling for several reasons D.Most often,their parents are their teachers本讲稿第三十三页，共四十一页(b)转折让步关系：转折让步关系：but,however,yet,on the contrary,on the other hand,unfortunately,despite,in spite of等等本讲稿第三十四页，共四十一页Ex.2
36、This could be watching TV or listening to music.Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired._However,coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.A.So,whats a good sleep?B.A bedtime drink can also help C.Having
37、 a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.本讲稿第三十五页，共四十一页(c)时间关系：时间关系：at first,at last,finally,first,firstly,in the first place,to start with，second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,to begin with以及一些具体的时间。以及一些具体的时间。本讲稿第三十六页，共四十一页(Ex.3 Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to b
38、ecome a better student in several ways._ Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.Third,note-taking offers.A.Use words,not complete sentences.B.You must write your notes on separate paper.C.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier f
39、or you to understand and remember.D.There are three practical note-taking methods.Second本讲稿第三十七页，共四十一页Part IPassage 6 Psychologists think there may be many reasons why violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies.Firstly,players are actively involved in violence,and may begin to us
40、e weapons as second nature._ A.Children are most likely to become addicted to violent videogames.B.At least 12 murders since 1997 have been linked to an addiction with violent video games.C.Secondly,violent games provide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by more killing.FirstlySeco
41、ndly本讲稿第三十八页，共四十一页Part IPassage 7 _ However,the real movie capital is Mumbai,in India.Mumbai used to be known as Bombay,and so the film industry there is called“Bollywood”A.Sometimes they even write the script by hand.B.Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood,in the United
42、 States.C.They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same clothes.However本讲稿第三十九页，共四十一页Part IPassage 8 It seems urgent,that communications in transport should be improved._ All over cities,it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.A.Communication between human beingsB.should also be kept smooth and polite.C.B.Yet this is all too often seen.C.The public should obey the rules.also本讲稿第四十页，共四十一页More Practice本讲稿第四十一页，共四十一页