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1、灌注泵与喷淋泵你现在浏览的是第一页，共24页本课主要内容content离心泵的工作原理离心泵的工作原理operating principle of centrifugal pump离心泵的分类离心泵的分类classification of centrifugal pump喷淋泵与灌注泵的结构特点和作用喷淋泵与灌注泵的结构特点和作用the structure feature and function of spray pump and charge pump喷淋泵的使用喷淋泵的使用 operation of spray pump 喷淋泵的日常维护和检查喷淋泵的日常维护和检查daily maint
2、enance of spray pump喷淋泵常见故障判断及排除方法喷淋泵常见故障判断及排除方法the failure and solution of spray pump你现在浏览的是第二页，共24页离心泵的工作原理operating principle of centrifugal pump叶轮与泵轴固装在一起，当动力机通过联轴器和泵轴带动叶轮旋转时，叶片就带动叶片间流道中的液体作圆周运动，在离心力的作用下，液体以较大的速度和较高的压力，沿着叶片形成的流道，自重心想外缘运动，并通过蜗壳和扩散管流向排出管。由于液体不断排出，在泵壳内叶轮中心和吸入管内形成真空，吸入池中的液体在大气压或液罐内压
3、力的作用下，源源不断地流进吸入管和叶轮。The impeller and pump shaft are fixed together.When the prime power machine drives the impeller to run through coupling and pump shaft,the leaf drives the liquid in the flow channel to do circular motion.With the effect of centrifugal force,the liquid forms a flow channel along t
4、he leaf to move from the barycenter to the rim with high speed and pressure.Then it flows to discharge(port)pipe through volute casing and diffusion bell.Because of discharge of liquid,the vacuum zone at impeller center and suction line(port)of pump shell shall present.With the effect of atmosphere
5、pressure and pressure of the fluid in tank(pit),the liquid in suction pit(tank)shall continuously go into the suction pipe and impeller.你现在浏览的是第三页，共24页离心泵的分类离心泵的分类classification of centrifugal pump 按泵轴布置方式分：卧式泵 立式泵Classification according to the layout of pump shaft:horizontal pump vertical pump 按泵吸
6、入方式分：单吸泵 双吸泵 Classification according to the suction system:single suction pump double suction pump按泵叶轮级数分：单级泵 多级泵Classification according to the stage of the impeller:single stage pump multistage pump按泵体形式分：蜗壳泵 透平泵Classification according to the shape of pump body:volute pump turbopump按壳体剖分方式分：分段式泵
7、 中剖式泵Classification according to the shape of pump body:sectional pump two-halves type pump还可以按照其用途、叶片安装方式、压力大小及比转数的大小等进行分类They can be classified according to its use,installation of impeller,the pressure and speed etc.你现在浏览的是第四页，共24页喷淋泵与灌注泵的结构特点 structure feature of spray pump and charge pump 你现在浏览
8、的是第五页，共24页喷淋泵与灌注泵的结构特点 structure feature of spray pump and charge pump你现在浏览的是第六页，共24页 喷淋泵和灌注泵同为单级单吸离心式砂泵，在结构上具有许多相同点，均采用轴向吸入结构，过流部件为抗磨铸铁，适用于输送腐蚀性带有悬浮颗粒的钻井液或其它类似工况的液体介质，其参数设计充分考虑了所配套的设备能在最佳工况下工作，主要特点是零件的通用性和互换性强，轴封泄漏少，工作可靠，使用寿命长，维护方便。但由于上述两种砂泵的使用场合不同，在外形结构尺寸、重量、功率等方面也存在着许多不同之处。The spray pump and char
9、ge pump is single stage and single suction centrifugal sand pump.They are similar on structure.They both adopt axial suction frame;their liquid transfer components are made of antiwear cast iron and available to transfer caustic drilling liquid with suspending particles or some other similar liquid
10、medium.The design considers fully the optimum working condition of mating equipment.The main feature is that the universal and interchangeability is strong,and the leakage of shaft seal is less,and work reliable with long service life and convenient to maintenance.But the two kinds of sand pump ment
11、ion before are used in different condition,so the overall dimensions,weight,power etc are different.你现在浏览的是第七页，共24页喷淋泵的作用function of spray pump 本公司钻井泵所配置的喷淋泵型号均为32SB180J-2.2kW（32PL），采用电机直联驱动和皮带轮传动两种方式，正反转均能使用。喷淋泵总成由喷淋泵、水箱、喷管等组成。其作用是在泵的运转过程中，由小齿轮轴通过皮带轮带动（或用电动机单独驱动），用水作为冷却润滑液，对缸套、活塞进行冲洗、润滑与冷却，以提高缸套活塞的
12、使用寿命。必须注意的是：在所有工作时间内，冷却液要充分供应到缸套及活塞上，不然冷却液的中断会立即导致活塞橡胶件及缸套的损坏。All the model of spray pump mated with the drilling pump made by our company is 32SB180J-2.2kW（32PL）.All are driven by motor directly or belt transmission.It can run normally clockwise or counterclockwise.The spray pump assembly is consis
13、ted with spray pump,water tank,jet tube,etc.The function of it is that during the running process of mud pump,it is driven by belt or motor;the water is used as coolant and lubricant to wash,lubricate and cool the cylinder liner and piston to enhance the service life of cylinder liner and piston.Not
14、ice:during the work time,the cooling liquid should be supplied to the cylinder and piston enough.Otherwise,the piston rubber and cylinder liner shall be damaged rapidly.你现在浏览的是第八页，共24页灌注泵的作用function of charge pump 灌注泵的作用是在钻井泵运转过程中出现吸入压头不足时，为其持续不断的输送泥浆，以保证泵的正常吸入性能减少水击现象，延长零部件的使用寿命。实践证明，即使钻井泵工作在有利于自然吸
15、入的工况下，如果改用灌注泵吸入，可使泵的噪声振动有所下降，其工作性能稳定。The function of charge pump is that during the running process of drilling pump,when the suction pressure is not enough,it supply mud continuously to drilling pump(suction port)and reduce water hammer;to ensure the suction performance of pump and extend the servi
16、ce life of components.The practice proven that even though the drilling pump can work normally under natural suction,but if charge it with charge pump,the noise and vibration shall reduce greatly,hence the performance is improved.你现在浏览的是第九页，共24页灌注泵可直接安装在泵大底座上，也可单独安装。为满足用户的不同要求，灌注泵有正反转之分，其余所有外形及安装尺寸都
17、是相同的，正转泵在左侧，反转泵在右侧（从吸入端看）。2500SB8x6 砂泵推荐用于3200m以上钻机配套使用，2500SB 6x5砂泵推荐用于2500m以下钻机配套使用，目前HHF-1600钻井泵选择配套的灌注泵型号为2500SB 8x6-13砂泵。The charge pump can be installed on the skid of pump,or be installed separately.To satisfy the requirement of customer,the charge pump can classify to be positive running typ
18、e and reverse running type.All figure and installation dimensions shall be the same.The positive running pump is at the left and the reverse one at the right(judge from the suction end).The 2500SB86 sand pump is commended to match with the drilling pump used for drilling rig of over 3200m,and the 25
19、00SB 65 sand pump for rig of under 2500m.By now,the 2500SB 86-13 sand pump is used as charge pump matched with HHF-1600 drilling pump.你现在浏览的是第十页，共24页喷淋泵及灌注泵的使用operation of spray pump and charge pump 由于灌注泵的结构、安装于维修维护与喷淋泵基本相同，在这里仅以喷淋泵为例进行介绍。Because the structure,installation and maintenance of charge
20、pump are similar to the spray pump,here we take the spray pump as example to introduce.喷淋泵的安装installation喷淋泵管路安装installation of pipelines喷淋泵的使用operation 你现在浏览的是第十一页，共24页喷淋泵的安装installation of spray pump泵安装：泵的安装位置应尽可能靠近抽送源，以缩短吸入段的长度，减少吸入损失。泵安装基础应水平、牢固可靠，以避免振动。联轴器安装（为电机直联驱动）：泵和电机的较长使用寿命取决于弹性联轴器的较好对正。皮带
21、轮的安装：两皮带轮轴线须平行，且端面误差不得超过2mm；皮带必须找正、松紧合适；电机安装须平稳、牢固。Installation:The installation position should try to be close to the suction source as possible to reduce the length of suction line and also reduce the suction loss.The base of pump should be level,firm and reliable to avoid vibration.The installat
22、ion of coupling(driven by motor):the service life of pump and motor depends greatly on the alignment of the elastic coupling.Installation of pulley:the two shaft of pulley should be parallel and the error of end face should not be more 2mm.the extension of V-belt should be suitable and the installat
23、ion of motor should be stable and fixed.你现在浏览的是第十二页，共24页喷淋泵管路安装installation of spray pump pipelineA.吸入管路截面积必须大于或等于泵流道断面积。The section area of suction line should be bigger or equal to the section area of pump passage.B.吸入管路中不允许安装节流阀，但可以安装常开阀以减少液流紊乱，该阀只能在拆泵进行检修时才能关闭。There shall not be choke valve inst
24、alled in the suction line.But it can install a normally opened valve to reduce the flow turbulence.This valve just can be closed when disassemble the pump for servicing.C.为避免吸入管路中产生汽泡，抽送源和泵之间应从高到低逐渐渡。To avoid air bubble in the suction line,the suction source and the pump should transmit gradually fr
25、om the high place to the low place.D泵入口处的管路必须平直，其长度至少为吸入管路直径的二倍。The line of the pump entrance should be flat and straight,and the length is twice of the suction lines diameter at least.E当临时使用软管作吸入管路时，必须保证软管不被压缩，这是因为吸入段管内压力一般都比大气压低，在大气压作用下，软管被压缩，从而导致流量降低甚至断流。When use hose as suction pipe temporarily,
26、make sure the hose should not be compressed.Because the internal pressure of suction pipe is often lower than the atmosphere pressure,with the effect of atmosphere pressure,the hose may be compressed to result the fluid flow be reduced and blocked.F为便于泵的检修，出口管路中应该安装常开阀。There should be a normally ope
27、ned valve installed in the discharge pipelines for convenience of pump servicing.G所有管路（包括入口管路）必须有自己的支撑，绝不允许由泵承受管路重量。All pipelines(including the entry pipelines)should have its own support.It is forbidden to make the pump to bear the weight of pipelines.H当工作条件不明或不稳定时，出口管路中必须安装节流阀，以保证泵在设计点运行。When the
28、working condition is unclear or unstable,there should be a choke valve installed in the discharge pipelines to make sure that the pump runs under the design condition你现在浏览的是第十三页，共24页喷淋泵的使用operation of spray pump准备：A.用手转动泵轴，必须保证运转灵活，各处不得有摩擦声。B.给泵体和入口段管路注满引水，以排出空气。C.该泵空转不能超过5秒,必须注满液体方可运转,否则会造成机封损坏。Pre
29、paration:A.rotate the pump shaft by hand,ensure that it can rotate freely without grating.B.charge the pump body and entry pipeline with water to discharge the air.C.the idling should not exceed 5 seconds It should run with liquid,or the mechanical seal may be damaged.起动和运转:A.当运转前的准备做好后,启动原动机,逐渐开启闸阀
30、至需要量。B.运转过程中,如发现噪音或其它异常现象应立即停机检查。Start and running:A.After the preparation,start the prime power machine and then open the valve to the requirement.B.During the running process,if there is noise or some other abnormal phenomenon,stop it at once and check out the reason.日常润滑保养：A轴承润滑轴承采用润滑脂润滑，每运转1500小
31、时更换脂润滑。B.冬季停止使用时应将泵内存水放干净,防止结冰冻裂泵壳。Daily lubrication and maintenance:A.the lubrication of bearings adopts grease.It needs to change the grease after running 1500 hours.B.when stop use in winter,it should drain the water in pump to protect the shell(casing)from freezing cracking.你现在浏览的是第十四页，共24页喷淋泵的维
32、修维护daily maintenance of spray pump 拆卸（见结构图）disassemble of spray pump 检查check 装配 assemble故障及排除 failure and solution你现在浏览的是第十五页，共24页喷淋泵的结构图structure of spray pump你现在浏览的是第十六页，共24页喷淋泵的拆卸dissemble of spray pump卸下泵座与泵体的联接螺栓拆下泵体。Remove all bolts connecting pump base and pump body to disassemble the pump bo
33、dy拆除叶轮：先用扳手拆掉叶轮螺母，拆掉止动垫圈，再退出叶轮。Disassemble the impeller:first,remove the nut of impeller by wrench and lock washer,then take off the impeller.松开填料压盖,拆下机封泵盖、机封及填料等,取下填料压盖。Loose the packing gland and disassemble the pump bonnet,mechanical seal,packing,and then packing cover 拆下两端轴承压盖。Disassemble the be
34、aring covers at both sides用铜棒或木块垫在轴端上，从左向右，从泵座拆出轴和轴承部件(注意不得损坏轴肩)。Underlay a copper rod or wood block at the end of shaft.Take out the shaft and bearing parts from the pump base from left to right(do not damage shaft shoulder)你现在浏览的是第十七页，共24页喷淋泵的爆炸图structure of spray pump你现在浏览的是第十八页，共24页喷淋泵的检查check o
35、f spray pump叶轮：严重汽蚀(特别是主叶片)、过渡腐蚀、磨蚀、破损时，要求更换叶轮。Impeller:replace it if there are serious cavitation(especially in main vane),extra corrosion,abrasion and damage.轴：径向跳动超过0.05mm，油封位置严重擦伤，轴上沟槽、台阶及其他表面有损伤时，要求修整轴，无法修整时，则更换轴。Shaft:replace it if the radial run-out is more than 0.05mm,and the oil seal positi
36、on is seriously abraded and scratched.When the shaft shoulder,groove and some other surface has been damaged,it is needed to repair,if it is impossible,replace it.油封：经过拆卸的油封必须更换。Oil seal:replace it every time when disassemble the oil seal滚珠轴承：对过度磨损，运转时过紧、过松或有噪声的轴承必须更换(新轴承只有在更换时才能开封,所换轴承必须和泵原用轴承型号、尺寸
37、一致)。Ball bearing:replace a new one when a bearing is excess abrasion,or it is too thigh/loosen,or there are some noise.(the new one should be opened when installing it and it should be the interchangeable one with the used one)你现在浏览的是第十九页，共24页喷淋泵的装配assemble of spray pump装配前所有零件必须清洗，特别是轴承、轴承润滑及机封部位，要
38、仔细清洗，对一些粗糙部位还应用细纱布打磨。Before re-assembly,all parts shall be cleaned,especially the bearing,bearing lubricating parts and mechanical seal parts.Burnish it with fine sandcloth if necessary.先装动力端轴承及轴承压盖，将装有轴承的轴从泵座左端装入。First install the bearing and bearing cover at power end,and install the shaft with be
39、aring from the left of pump base.再装上左端轴承压盖、挡水圈，在轴上涂上一薄层减磨剂。Second install the left bearing cover,water baffle and coat the shaft with a thin layer of anti-friction agent.装上机封泵盖及机封。Third,install the pump bonnet and mechanical seal装上叶轮，注意叶轮背面与机封泵盖之间的间隙，上紧锁紧螺母。Forth,install the impeller(notice the gap
40、between the back of impeller and the pump bonnet),then tight the locknut.装上泵体，上紧紧固螺栓。Fifth,install the pump body and tight the bolts.装配顺序按拆卸逆方向进行，装配好后，用手转动轴应灵活，各部位不得有卡阻现象。The assembly sequence is the reverse of disassembly.After installation,rotate the shaft by hand and it should run freely and each
41、 part should have no block.你现在浏览的是第二十页，共24页喷淋泵的故障及排除failure and solution of spray pump机械密封泄漏严重，机械密封严重磨损，轴表面磨损。拆下泵体，检查到过深的沟槽换轴，否则更换机械密封。If the mechanical seal leaks seriously,or abrades seriously,or the shaft surface abrades,disassemble the pump body and checkout,if there is deep groove in shaft,repl
42、ace the shaft,or replace the mechanical seal.轴承压盖处润滑脂泄漏严重，聚胺脂油封磨损。排除：更换聚胺脂油封。一般情况，当泵运转6个月后，应更换一次轴承压盖处的聚胺脂油封。If the grease for bearing leaks from cover seriously,the polyurethane oil seal must be worn out,replace the polyurethane oil seal.Generally,after the pump running 6 months,replace the polyuret
43、hane oil seal once.叶轮转动不正常。The impeller runs abnormally 原因：叶轮安装不到位。Reason:the installation of impeller is not at its position.排除：调整安装到位(用手转动轴，各部位不得有卡滞、摩擦现象，转动灵活)。Resolution:adjust the installing position of impeller(turn the shaft by hand,it should run freely and each part should have no block.)你现在浏
44、览的是第二十一页，共24页故 障原 因排 除 方 法轴功率过大1.叶轮与泵体端面或叶轮与机封泵盖发生摩擦。2.泵在比设计点扬程低得多的条件下运行。1.调整叶轮与泵体端面及叶轮与机封泵盖的间隙，消除摩擦。2.检查所配工作机是否符合要求，并关小排除阀门，使泵在设计点工作。扬程下降流量下降1.大块颗粒堵塞吸入管和叶轮流道。2.泵转速下降。3.叶轮磨损。4.叶轮与泵体口环间隙过大，泄漏增大5.进口阀门开度太小。1.清除堵塞物。2.使泵在额定转速下运行。3.更换叶轮。4.调整叶轮与泵体口环的间隙。5.开大进口阀门。轴承过热1.润滑油太多或太少。2.油中有杂质。3.轴承磨损。1.使油面保持在油标规定位置。
45、2.更换润滑油。3.更换轴承。泵运行产生振动和异常噪声1.叶轮磨损不平衡。2.轴承磨损。3.联接松动。4.泵产生汽蚀。1.更换叶轮。2.更换轴承。3.紧固各松动部位。4.改善吸入条件，防止空气进入泵内。停车密封泄漏严重1.轴磨损严重。2.杂质、异物进入机械密封组件。3.机械密封安装斜置。4.机械密封磨损失效。1.更换轴。2.清除杂质、异物、清洗密封件。3.重新安装机械密封组件。4.更换机械密封。你现在浏览的是第二十二页，共24页喷淋泵机组爆炸图喷淋泵机组爆炸图 Three-dimensional drawing of spray pump sets 你现在浏览的是第二十三页，共24页灌注管汇charge manifold 你现在浏览的是第二十四页，共24页