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1、山东省百所名校2021届高三英语下学期4月份第三次质量监测试题考生注意：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIf you re after cheap UK train tickets, che
2、ck the suggestions below and see how you could bag yourself a bargain. We 11 even highlight the cheapest prices!Booking in advanceTrain tickets in the UK usually go on sale 3 months before the date of travel. Look out for advance tickets, as these tend to be cheaper when they re first released. Be q
3、uick though, as they may sell out on busier routes.Find out more about our advance ticket alert tool.Traveling off-peakWhen travelling by train in the UK, you can benefit from reduced fares by choosing the time periods of day that are less busy. When searching for tickets with us, well display all a
4、vailable tickets and options, highlighting the cheapest ones.Learn more about off- peak train time from our website.Using the price prediction toolOur clever little price prediction tool will predict the future and let you know when ticket prices are about to go up, meaning you1l never miss out on t
5、he best value fares. Beat the rush and save on price too (Currently available in the UK app only). Discover the magic of price prediction.Choosing the season ticket calculatorIf you travel on the same route more than three times a week, then season tickets could help you to save both valuable time a
6、nd money. Besides that, theyre also available in a number of flexible options to suit different time frames.Check out our season ticket calculator today to get started.1. What is the feature of traveling off- peak by train in the UK?A. The trains are too crowded.B. Train tickets are often sold out.C
7、. There are more passengers at this time.D. The travel time periods are relatively unoccupied.2. What can visitors do if they want to know when train fares will rise?A. Call ahead and ask.B. Check the American app.C. Refer to the price prediction tool.D. Download the season ticket calculator.3. What
8、 is the author s main purpose in writing the text?A. To advertise train services.B. To encourage passengers to travel abroad.C. To help visitors spend less money on railway tickets.D. To offer services to the train passengers on the way.BThat youngsters were glued to online games on their smart phon
9、es was a great concern for Ngurang Meena, a school teacher in Nirjuli. The 30-year -old social science teacher, who ran the Ngurang Learning Institute, an adult literacy centre, said that she felt disheartened when she read student papers. “The graph of student performance is falling every year. It
10、breaks my heart whenever I see answer sheets - basic grammar skills are missing and theres an absence of any cohesive (连贯性的) expression. They lack guidance and reading culture is almost zero,” Meena said. When her school and the centre she ran had to close due to infectious diseases, she planned to
11、do something to address the problem.Inspired by a similar proposal in Mizoram, Meena set up a bookshelf with around 80 books as well as some benches on the side of the road in Nirjuli on August 30th, 2020, where passers- by could spend time reading. The selections included motivational books, biogra
12、phies and novels as well as comics for young children. “I have to please the minors with sweets to sit and read, but that is okay,” she laughed.Meenas bookshelf became a hit among youngsters who spent hours in the reading corner. Within two months, her effort became the talk of the town.Now, generou
13、s contributions of books come in from the public and she is even receiving requests to set up such libraries in other parts of the state, including one in the capital, Itana-gar. Since the tiny libraries are far from the main town, she also lends books out to those who want to read at home.“I never
14、thought that this would become such a big inspiration,” Meena said. “Since childhood, we have been told that books are our best friends. The next generation of kids is focused on games and other things. I dont want them to head on the wrong track,” she added.4. Whats the aim of Meenas reading progra
15、m?A. To care for youngsters lacking in reading.B. To help adults learn some cohesive expression.C. To keep Ngurang Learning Institute running well.D. To highlight the importance of reading for adults.5. What did Meena do to encourage young kids to read more?A. She offered some rewards to them.B. She
16、 provided them with transportation.C. She chose novels with beautiful covers.D. She selected books covering every category.6. Which words can best describe Meenas libraries?A. Small and useless.B. Influential and meaningful.C. Large but impractical.D. Widespread but unwelcome.7. What is the best tit
17、le for the text?A. Books: Sources of KnowledgeB. The Roadside Reading CornerC. The Library: a Paradise for the Young D. New Ideas about Setting a Reading PlanCWhile we know that language first appeared among Homo sapiens (智人) somewhere thousands of years ago, the secret to how language evolved is st
18、ill unknown, and mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps.One widely held theory is that language came about as an evolutionary adaptation. That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made t
19、hat population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle (海龟) and its shell. On one hand, humans needed to communicate with each other in order to hunt，farm and defend themselves successfully from the surrounding severe environment. Being able to communicate by using language gave the
20、human species a distinct survival advantage. On the other hand, language was needed for social interaction, according to those who subscribed to the adaptation theory.In their paper “Natural Language and Natural Selection,” researchers Steven Pinker and Paul Bloom theorized that a series of calls or
21、 gestures evolved over time into combinations, giving us complex communication, or language. As things became more complicated around them，humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another. Early man saw a group of deer he wanted to hunt. He made a sound to his hunting partner
22、 that means “deer are nearby.” One day,a storm came in and the hunter noticed that thunder scared the deer away. As a result, the hunter went hungry until the storm passed. Over time, the same hunter also learned to recognize the warning signs for bad weather- -dark skies and increased wind. Early m
23、an realized that when the sky darkened and the wind picked up, he needed to tell his hunting partner to speed up the pursuit of the deer. Therefore, he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather.That series of sounds was the beginning of an evolutionary adaptatio
24、n that eventually became language.As humans learned more about how to best survive, they developed a need to convey these survival methods to their population. To be brief, that s the adaptation theory.8. What is the text mainly about?A. The evolution of language.B. The paper on natural selection.C.
25、 The differences between theories.D. The introduction to human reproduction.9. Why are the turtle and its shell mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To show the mystery of nature.B. To support the evolutionary adaptation.C. To stress the advantage of the turtle s shell.D. To encourage people to study natura
26、l selection.10. How does the author explain the adaptation theory in paragraph 3?A. By comparing.B. By listing data.C. By carrying out a survey.D. By giving an example.11. What will the author most probably tell us next?A. The exact place where humans came from.B. The other theory of how language ev
27、olved.C. The reasons why animals cannot form language.D. The methods of humans shaping non- verbal thinking.DA cheap printed sensor could transmit wildfire warnings. Wildfires have recently destroyed regions across the world, and their gravity is increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchers led by
28、 Yapei Wang，a Chinese chemist of Renmin University, say they have developed an inexpensive sensor to detect such fires earlier with less effort.Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and
29、other alerts come from routine foot patrols and watchtower observers. Passing planes and satellites also occasionally spot something，but “the fire first appears on the ground,” Wang says. “When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late.” The team says its new sensor can be placed near tree trunk
30、s bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is a dramatic temperature increase. That heat also powers the sensor itself, without replacing batteries. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor for just $ 0.40.But improving coordination among the diffe
31、rent agencies involved in firefighting is even more crucial to address, says Graham Kent, an earthquake expert at the University of Nevada, Reno, who was not part of the study. Kent is director of ALERTWildfire, a network that uses cameras and crowd sourcing to watch for fires in California, Nevada
32、and Oregon. “The whole way that you respond to a fire until its put out is like a ballet,” he says. “Youd have to choreograph (设计) it just so, with resources precisely allocated at the right time and place from detection to confirmation to assignment to extinguishment (熄灭). Fire detection is just st
33、ep one.”Wang says his teams next steps are to extend the devices signal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective shield for it. The Transmitters effectiveness, he notes, will also need to be tested in the field ahead.12. What does the underlined
34、 word “gravity” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Pull.B. Extinction.C. Popularity. D. Seriousness.13. What do we know about the sensor?A. Its price remains high.B. Its batteries are replaceable.C. It can reduce firefighters pain.D. It can detect fires earlier and easier.14. What does Kent mean in par
35、agraph 4?A. Firefighting is easy but crucial.B. Technology is the key to extinguishing a fire.C. Putting out a fire is a cooperative and orderly activity.D. The resources of fire detection are precisely allocated.15. Whats the plan for the new sensor according to Wang?A. Limiting its use.B. Reducing
36、 its signal range.C. Improving and testing it.D. Getting it on the market ahead of time.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Traveling can do some harm to your health. 16 ,from losing sleep to running around all day and trying to keep up with the plans, it s easy to get
37、 carried away with things and for-get to take care of yourself. So, weve found some great tips to help you stay healthy while traveling.Get some sleepWhenever you happen to have some downtime, make sure to get some sleep. Whether its on a flight or in the car, sleeping enough is very important for y
38、our health. Physically traveling, crossing different time zones, carrying luggage around, and walking all day can be harsh on your body as well. 17 Drink a lot of waterMake sure to carry a water bottle with you at all times， no matter where youre headed to. New climates have more of an impact on you
39、r hydration levels than you might realize. 18 . Then youll be more likely to remember to drink throughout the day.StretchWhen you have a full day of activities ahead, its important to dedicate a little time in the morning to stretch a little. Take 5-10 minutes to stretch your whole body and prepare
40、you for the day. Aside from energizing you, stretching on a regular basis will help you release tension in your body and in turn get better sleep. 19 ! 20 Despite the fact that youre on vacation， dont let that prevent you from your workout routine. It might seem obvious, but if you arent doing thing
41、s that are active, make sure to get a workout into your day. Aside from keeping your body healthy, working out will help you feel better mentally as well.A. Its a win-winB. Get some exercise C. Keep mentally healthyD. While you re on the roadE. To put it simply, listen to your bodyF. If youre in poo
42、r health and intend to relaxG. Just be sure to start off the day with plenty of water第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Have you ever noticed the following thing? When two colleagues prepare for identical presentations, the 21 of the work is the same, bu
43、t one works better?Morten Hansen has such a(n) 22 personal experience. “When I was in a company in London, I worked really hard and tried to 23 ,” he says. “And I did. But I found my colleagues working more 24 than I was, and they also performed better though they did less. That made me confused.”Th
44、e 25 stayed with him and he 26 to find the answers. He carried out a study, surveying more than 5,000 27 over five years to figure out how they worked, and what 28 working pattern had on their performance.After the data was analyzed, some surprising conclusions appeared. “We always think that by doi
45、ng more, we will 29 more,” he says. “Actually, what weve found is that top performers do the 30 and they are very selective. They do less, and then they excel in those few things and thats how they 31 the rest. Its almost a contrary view on how you are supposed to 32 and behave.”Do less to perform b
46、etter- that indeed has its 33 . But what if your boss doesnt 34 it and keeps piling on the work? Just 35 it in an appropriate manner and youll find that youre more capable of doing your job.21. A. staffB. natureC. pattern .D. amount22. A. similar B. worthlessC. professionalD. opposite 23. A. underst
47、andB. succeedC. relaxD. cooperate24. A. positivelyB. carefullyC. efficientlyD. patiently25. A. secret .B. moral .C. doubtD. faith26. A. resolvedB. hesitatedC. seemedD. failed27. A. minorsB. interviewsC. employeesD. accidents28. A. impressionB. judgementC. commentD. impact29. A. achieve B. budgetC. apply .D. satisfy30. A. extraB. familiarC. roughD. opposite .31. A. adoreB. outperformC. interfereD. uncover32. A. correspondB. analyze C. explainD. work33. A. traditionB. appealC. conditionD. weakness .34. A. treatB. guaranteeC. buyD. manage35. A. turn downB. keep offC. put up wit