《备战2022英语中考专题复习 情态动词【教案】.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《备战2022英语中考专题复习 情态动词【教案】.doc（6页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、情态动词教案【教学目标】1. 要求学生能说出情态动词的分类及用法，掌握情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答，会熟练做题。2. 要求学生能进行情态动词的辨析，掌握情态动词表示猜测的用法，并熟练做题。【教学重点难点】情态动词can, may, must, ought to , will, shall, should, would , need, dare的用法【知识梳理】考点一：情态动词的分类及用法1. can/could的基本用法： 表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”，可与be able to转换,过去时是could。例：He can speak English. = He is able to
2、speak English. Can you play basketball? No, I cant. 如果表示将来具备的能力，要用will be able to。例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem. 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。例：Can we go home now, please? No, you cant. 2. may/might的基本用法: 表示“许可”，用can比较口语化,过去时是might。例：You may
3、/ can come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来。You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。（may not表示按规定不许可，如果用mustnt则表示说话人不许可。）May I smoke here? 我可以在这里抽烟吗？No, you mustnt. 不行。（mustnt表示明确的禁止。） 肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。例：It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。The news may not be true. 这个消息可能不会是真
4、的。注意：如果在疑问句中表示“可能”，通常用can。例：Can it be true? 那会是真的吗？Who can he be? 他究竟是谁呢？ 【注意】：May I/we？Yes, you may./No, you mustnt. 3. must的基本用法: 表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。例：I must go now, or Ill be late. You must be here by ten oclock. 【注意】：表示“必须“时，must的否定式为neednt，或dont have to, 而不是mustnt。也就是：
5、Must I/we do it now？Yes, you must . No, you neednt /dont have to . 例：Must I go with them? No, you neednt. 表示推测，一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。例：She didnt look at me. She must be angry. 她不朝我看，一定是生气了。4. have to的基本用法： have to可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而have to却有人称和数的变化，要视主语不同而变化
6、。例：I / You / We / They have to. He / She / It has to. You dont have to.Does she have to?have to =have got to，意思是“必须，不得不”。和must不同之处：must强调主观需要have to强调客观需要。例：Sorry, I have to leave now. 对不起，现在我得走了。Ive got to go to a meeting. 我得去参加一个会议。Will he have to work deep into the night? 他将不得不工
7、作到深夜吗？5. need的基本用法：need的基本词义是“需要”，它既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。 need用作情态动词时，只用于否定句和疑问句。它只有一种形式，后接动词原形。例：I dont believe you need worry. 我相信你没有必要焦急。Need we go so soon? 我们需要这么早就去吗？ Yes, we must. / No, we neednt. 是的，必须。不，不必。So I neednt tell him, need I? 所以我不需要告诉他，对吧？请比较以下两句话的不同意思：You nee
8、dnt buy the coat. 你没有必要买那件外衣。（你还没买）You neednt have bought the coat. 你没有必要买这件外衣的。（而你却买了）【注意】：Need I/we？Yes，you must ./No, you neednt / dont have to. need用作实义动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化。如果人作主语，一般后接带to的动词不定式。即need to do sth；如果物作主语，一般后用need to be done 或need doing sth。例如：I need to look up this word in th
9、e dictionary. My watch needs mending/to be mended. 我的手表需要修理了。We dont need to work today. (= We neednt work today.) Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?) 6. shall的基本用法：1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。Shall I get some tea? 我给你点茶好吗？2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，
10、用于第二、第三人称陈述句。You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。（命令）7. will/would的基本用法：will1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。2）表请求，用于疑问句。Will you close the window? Its a bit cold. 请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fish will die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。would1）表意I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事
11、。2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。Would you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗？3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。他告诉我盒子打不开了。8.ought to/used to的基本用法：ought to:1）表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父亲，应当管他
12、。2）表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。考点二：情态动词的辨析1must和have to两者都表示“必须”的意思，但must含有说话人主观上的看法、态度；have to则表示客观上的需要。【考例1】Must we finish giving out the posters today?Yes, we _. It cant be put off any longer. 太原A. can B. may C. must 答案C【考例2】I didnt pass the math test.
13、 I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.I agree. You_ play like that any more. 河南A. neednt B. mustnt C. may not D. wouldnt 答案B【考例3】When traffic lights are red. We _stop and wait. 南京A. may B. can C. must D. might. 答案C【考例4】I really like playing computer games! Im afraid you
14、 _stop，for your study and your health. 宜昌 A. am B. will Cmay Dmust 答案D2can和could两者都可用来表能力，意为“能够，会”；可用来表示许可(常用在口语中)或表示怀疑、惊异、不相信等态度(常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。【考例1】Could I borrow your dictionary?Of course you _.陕西A. can B. must C. should D. will 答案A【考例2】Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom?No. It _be Tom. He
15、 has gone to Paris. 长沙市A. may not B. neednt C. cant 答案C【考例3】Mary, _ you speak Chinese? Yes, only a little. 北京A. must B. need C. may D. can 答案D3shall和should shall用于第一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于第二、三人称肯定句或否定句表示说话人给予对方的“禁止、命令、警告、允诺或威胁等”。 should用来表示建议、责任、义务时，可译为“应该，应当”，此时可用ought to替换；可用来表示惊讶、忧虑、赞叹等不满情绪(用在疑问句中)；还可
16、用来委婉地陈述自己的意见。【考例】Schools _allow students at least one hour a day for sports. 安徽A. would B. might C. should D. could 答案C 4had better和would rather “had better+动词原形”意为“最好做”，否定句式为had better not。“would rather+动词原形”意为“宁可，宁愿”，否定句式为would rather not。【考例1】Bob，may I _your MP4?SureBut youd better not _it to oth
17、ers福州A. end；lend B lend；borrow C. borrow；borrow D. borrow；lend答案D【考例2】What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?I would rather _ at home than football. Its too hot outside. 南京A. stay; playing B. stay; playC. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing答案：B 考点三：考查情态动词表推测的用法对现在或将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”。肯定的推测一般
18、用must，should，may (might)或can(could)，其中，must的语气最强。意为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，意为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may (might)，can(could)的语气最弱，意为“有时会”、“也许”、“可能”。否定推测分为两种情况：语气不很肯定时，常用maymightcould not，意为“可能不”、“也许不”；否定语气较强时，则用cant，意为“根本不可能”、“一定不能”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。【考例1】You _be tired after working for eight hours without
19、a rest. 广东A. can B. may C. must D. need 答案C【考例2】Look at the boy running on the groundIs it Davis? It _be himI saw him go to the teachers office just now黄冈A. must B. cant C. could D. might 答案 B【板书设计】 can/couldmay/mightmusthave to分类及用法 needshall/shouldwill/wouldought to/used to情态 must和have to动词 can和could辨析 shall和should had better和would rather 肯定：must>should>may/might/can/could表示猜测用法 否定：语气不很肯定时，常用maymightcould not 语气较强时，则用cant。【教后反思】