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1、中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破90道精选试题练习 直接引语是直接引用别人所说的话,句子中需要用引号间接引语是转述别人所说的话,即将直接引语变成间接引语。间接引语多以宾语从句的形式表示。考点一 直接引语与间接引语的转换 转述一般疑问句时，引导词if/whether及语序的用法考查；转述祈使句时的用法考查1.转述陈述句时,由连词that引导,that在口语中常省略Tina said,“ I will go to the cinema tomorrow."Tina said( that) she would go to the cinema the next day.蒂娜说她第二天要去
2、看电影。2转述一般疑问句时,用f或 whether引导。He asked me, Have you read this book?”He asked me if/whether I had read that book.他问我是否读过那本书。3.转述祈使句时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上 tell, ask, order等动词。如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式的前面加not。She said to us,“ Please sit down:”She asked us to sit down.她请我们坐下。He said, "Don,t ma
3、ke so much noise, boys." He told the boys not to make so much noise.他告诉男孩子们不要制造这么多噪音。4.转述感叹句时,用wht或how引导。She said,“ What a lovely boy he is!"She said what a lovely boy he was.她说他是个多么聪明的男孩啊。考点二 转述时人称、时态、状语及动词的变化 直接引语变间接引语时，人称、时态、指示代词、地点状语、时间状语等的综合考查；直接引语变间接引语时，时态无需改变的情况。 1.人称的变化 直接引语在变为间接引语
4、时,代词要随句意进行改变。大致遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不变更”的规律。(1)“一随主”是指直接引语中的第一人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的主语在人称和数上保持一致。I said，“I won t give up。”I said that I would not give up.我说我不会放弃。(2)“二随宾”是指直接引语中的第二人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的宾语在人称和数上保持一致。He said to her，“Why are you late?” He asked her why she was late.他问她为什么迟到。(3)“第三人称不变更”是指直接引语中的第三人
5、称代词在变为间接引语时不发生变化。He said,“ She likes it.” He said that she liked it.他说她喜欢它2.时态的变化 如果直接引语为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态应和对应的时态向前推一个时态,如下表所示:直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时/过去完成时过去完成时Martin told me, "I rang Alice yesterday. ",Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.马丁告诉
6、我说他前一天已经给爱丽丝打电话了。Nell told me. "Mary is studying abroad"-Nell told me that Mary was studying abroad.内尔告诉我玛丽正在国外学习3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this这个that那个these这些those那些时间状语now现在then那时today今天that day那天this evening今晚that evening那晚yesterday昨天the day before前一天last night昨晚the night befo
7、re前一天晚上two days ago两天前two days before两天前next week下周the next week/the following week第二周tomorrow明天the next day/the following day第二天the day before yesterday前天two days before两天前the day after tomorrow后天In two day's time两天后地点状语here这里there那里方向性动词bring带来take带走come来go去He said,“ These books are mine.”He s
8、aid that those books were his.他说那些书是他的。She said."I will come this morning. She said that she would go that morning.她说那天早上她会去那里。She said, "I went there yesterday. "She said that she had gone there the day before.她说她前一天去过那里。She said, "I will come here this evening".She said th
9、at she would go there that evening她说她那天晚上会去那里。4.时态无需改变的情况(1)直接引语是客观真理时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。Mother said, "There are four seasons and twelve months in a year. " Mother said that there are four seasons and twelve months In a year.妈妈说一年有四季,12个月。(2)直接引语是过去进行时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变Jack said, "John, where
10、 were you going when I met you in the street?” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.杰克问约翰在街上碰见他时他正要去哪里。(3)直接引语中有具体的时间状语时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。He said,“ 'The story took place in the 1930s".He said that the story took place in the 1930s.他说那个故事发生在20世纪30年代。典例点拨1. He said, &
11、quot;I am living with a British family now."He said that was living with a British family .A. I: now B. you; theC. he. then D. he. now解题技巧:C 直接引语是陈述句且人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语在人称上保持一致,第一空需要和he保持一致;直接引语变成间接引语时,时间状语也要进行相应的变化,now变成then,故选C项。命题规律: 直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,需要记住以下几个方面:去掉引号加that,时态向前推一步,人称变化
12、要灵活,状语变化按规定。2. He asked the woman on the phone,"Can I call on you this afternoon?"He asked the woman on the phone call on her afternoonA. whether could he: this B. whether he could: thatC whether could he: that D. whether he could: this解题技巧:B 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,首先加上 whether或者if,然后句子需用陈述句语序
13、,如果直接引语的人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语保持相同的人称；时态、时间状语、地点状语也要进行相应的变化,故选B项。命题规律: 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,需记住以下几点：去掉引号加 whether或if，陈述语序要记住,时态、人称和状语都要进行变化。90道精选试题练习一、根据括号中的要求改写句子1 “Jack，can you help with the dinner？” Jack's mother asked.（改成间接引语）Jack was asked _he _help with the dinner.2Tony said，“I am singin
14、g when the telephone rings.”（将直接引语改为间接引语）Tony said that_ _singing when the telephone rang.3 Was the machine invented by David？She wasn't sure.（合并成一句话）She wasn't sure _ the machine was invented by David.4Are there any new markets in Asia？The sales manager wants to know.（合并为一句）The sales manage
15、r wants to know _ there _ any new markets in Asia.5Tim said to Kate，“How is your mother now？”（改为间接引语）Tim _ Kate how _ mother _ then.6He asked Mary，“Do you have anything to do this afternoon？”（改为间接引语）He asked Mary _ she _ anything to do _ afternoon.7Our teacher said to us，“Light travels faster than s
16、ound.”（改为间接引语）Our teacher _ us _ light _ faster than sound.8Mr Zhang said，“I was born in Beijing in October,1980.”（改为间接引语）Mr Zhang said that _ _ born in Beijing in October，1980.9Our teacher said to me，“Sit down，please.”（改为间接引语）Our teacher told _ _ sit down.10My mother said，“Don't make any noise.
17、”（改为间接引语）My mother told me _ _ _ any noise.11She asked me，“When are you going to Shanghai？”（改为间接引语）She asked me when _ _ going to Shanghai.12My brother told me on the phone，“I will go back tomorrow.”（改为间接引语）My brother told me on the phone that he _ _ back _ _ _.13Our headteacher told Li Ming's m
18、other，“He has gone home.”（改为间接引语）Our headteacher told Li Ming's mother that _ _ gone home.14The reporter asked the girl，“Do you like your volunteer work on weekends？” （改为间接引语）The reporter asked the girl _ she _ her volunteer work on weekends.15“Why do you stay at home？”my father asked.（把直接引语改为间接
19、引语）My father asked _ I _ at home.16The woman teacher asked the students，“Can you understand what I am saying？”（改为间接引语）The woman teacher asked the students_ _ could understand what she was saying.17She said，“Are you from the south？”（改为间接引语）She asked _ I _ from the south.18Mr Paul said to us，“The moon
20、 goes around the earth.”（改为间接引语）Mr Paul _ us that the moon _ around the earth.19“I can't find my wallet，” he said to me.（改为间接引语）He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.20“I will take it home with me，” she said.（改为间接引语）She said that _ _ _ it home with _.21He asked，“How do you find it，mother？”（改为间接引语）He aske
21、d her mother _ _ _ it.22“Do you know where Tom lives？” he asked Alice.（改为间接引语）He asked Alice_ _ knew where Tom _.23“Stop making so much noise，children，” he said.（改为间接引语）He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.24“Are you interested in this？” he said.（改为间接引语）He _ _ I was interested in _.25“I'm
22、glad to get your email，”he said to me.（改为间接引语）He _me _ _ glad to get _ email.二、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it
23、 home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met the day _.6. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I _ to go _
24、 before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there.10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked
25、her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _ _ _been _ days.12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14. “Dont tell him the news
26、.” she said. She told me _ _ _ him the news.15. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He _ _ I was interested in _.16. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _ _ having supper.17. “Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _ me that she _ _ the film.18. “I went home with my sister,” she said.
27、She said that _ _ _ home with her sister.19. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ quiet.20. “Dont look out of the window,” she said. She told me _ _ _ out of the window.三、将所给直接引语变为间接引语1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” 2She said: “He will be busy.” 3She said to Tom, “Can you
28、help me?” 4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” 7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 10Th
29、e boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11He said, “We are still students.” 12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” 13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.” 16Mr
30、. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.” 17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.” 18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19I said to him, “I have finished it.” 20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.” 21“Where does your chemistry
31、 teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked 22 “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 23 “Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 24 “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother. 25. "I'm checking your hom
32、e work now." his mother said. 四、单项选择1. Our teacher asked us _ our dictionaries to school. A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring2. The teacher told the boy students _ football on the grass.A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing3. _ Tom didnt go to school?A. Do you know how B. Why do
33、you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _ that prevents her from being as happy as before?A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how5. Betty asked her sister _ to the railway station to see her off.A. not to come B. not to go C. to not com
34、e D. to not go6. The pupil asked his teacher _ round the earth.A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon went C. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went7. Mr. Li _ Wang Ling _ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take8. She asked him _.A. whose dicti
35、onary this is B. whose dictionary that wasC. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is 9. Marys mother asked her _.A. that whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework10. Do you know _
36、A. what is he doing B. what he doing C. what he is doing D. what does he do now11. I dont know _ to learn English.A. when did he begin B. when he began C. he when began D. when he begins12. He asked me _.A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how t
37、he weather would be like tomorrow D. what would the weather be like the next day13. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Spring Festival presentsA. how excited they were B. how excited were they C. how they were excited D. they were how excited14. She told me that she _ by her relatives
38、at the bus stop.A. had been seen off B. have seen off C. have been seen off D. had seen off15. Do you remember how many times _ to Australia?A. had you been B. did you go C. have you been D. you have been16. Can you guess _?A. what is that man B. who that man is C. whom that man is D. who is that ma
39、n17. More and more students and teachers have began to know _.A. how important the foreign language are B. how the foreign language is importantC. how important the foreign language is D. how important is the foreign language18. The hostess said that it _ time that they _ supper. A. was; had B. was;
40、 had had C. is; have D. is; have had19. The boss asked his secretary _ he had finished typing the report _.A. if; or not B. if; not C. whether; or not D. whether; not20. I wonder how much _.A. does he spend on his car B. did he spend on his car C. he spent on his car D. he spent in his car参考答案一、1if/whether；could2.he was3.if/whether4.if/whethe