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1、中考冲刺辅导教案1T课程主题：语音、冠词、介词、阅读学习目标1.掌握语音重点，掌握冠词介词的用法。2.掌握阅读解题方法，扩大词汇量。教学内容课前热身：1. The English students and teachers had a party last Friday evening". (改为一般疑问句) the English students and teachers a party last Friday evening?【答案】Did have2. Tim has already enjoyed the French classic musical Notre de Pa
2、ris. (改为一般疑问句) _ Tim enjoyed the French classic musical Notre de Paris_?【答案】Has . yet3. They do some homework in the classroom before they leave school. (改为一般疑问句) _ they do _ homework in the classroom before they leave school?【答案】Do . any4. All of us realize the importance of keeping the air clean.
3、(改为一般疑问句) _ all of you _ the importance of keeping the air clean?【答案】Do . realize 5. The Whites will move to a new house in two months. （对划线部分提问） _ _ will the Whites move to a new house?【答案】How soon6. Anderson plays tennis twice a week. (对划线部分提问) _ _ does Anderson play tennis?【答案】How often 7. Young
4、people can learn a lot by keeping a pet dog. (对划线部分提问) _ _ young people learn a lot?【答案】How can 知识精讲：知识点一：语音【知识梳理】1.元音字母在重读音节中的读音字母在开音节中读音例子在闭音节中读音例词aeiname plane Jane baby cakeæbag dad hat map black backei:he these me Chinesee be
5、d let pen desk yes eggiaibike fly drive time nice kitei fish big drink sit milk swimoouthose close go hoe home noclock not box shop sockuju:student excuse duty Tuesd
6、aybus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j， l， r ，s后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super2. -r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音元音字母组合读音例词ar:car farm dark sharpener在w音后面 :warm quarter towardsor/ :/forty morning short在w音后面 :word
7、;worker worseer ir ur:certainly bird Thursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读r音。例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday3.-re音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音元音字母组合读音例词arercare dare hareereirhere
8、;mereireairfire hire wireor/ :/more score beforeureju:pure cureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读E音，例如：picture pleasure重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例
9、如：orange very American paragraph4. 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音元音字母组合读音例词ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day playair r air hair chair pair repairal: small ball talk wall all :l always also salt almos
10、tau/aw : autumn daughter drawea i: teach easy cheap pleasee heavy bread sweater weatherei break greatear i r hear dear near clear yearr bear pear wear swear: earth
11、learn earlyee i: jeep week green threeoa ou coat Joan boat goaloar/oor : roar board door flooroi/oy i noise point boy toiletour :r course your four5.非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音元音字母组
12、合或字群读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei/eyi Sunday foreign monkeyow ou yellow sparrow tomorrow-sion -tion n impression nation-sten sn listenstle sl whistle-sure (r) pleasure measure【例题精讲】例1.When it rains,
13、it pours. Which is correct for the underlined part?（2017青浦二模）A)e B)i: C)a D)e【答案】D【解析】元音字母a和i组合，在重读音节中读e，rain的读音为ren,故选D。例2.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（2018上海中考）A) back B) chat C) hate D) taxi【答案】C【解析】C选项hate中的a发e，其他都发æ，故选C。【巩固练习】1. It is important for
14、 us to keep a promise. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence? A)'prmes B) 'pr:ms C)'pr:mes D)'prms 2. Which of the following is underlined parts is different in pronunciation with the three others ?A) Tom needs some information for his project.B) I
15、 have many questions to ask you.C)His situation is even worse than before. D) Cars are a major source of pollution.3. If you get nervous, take a deep breath to calm yourself down. Which of the following is correct in pronunciation for the underlined word in the sentence?A)/deip/ B)/dep/ C)/dip/ D)/d
16、i:p/4. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A)If we dont smoke, our health will become better and better.B)We spent half a day going over all the lessons before the Chinese test.C)Dont cross the road when the red light is on.D)Shall we collect some colorf
17、ul stones for Mary?5. Which of the following word matches the sound /'sl/?A)single B)singer C)think D)thank6.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A) You cant imagine how hard their life is.B) The car went out of control and crashed over the cliff.
18、C) Do we really have to invite all my relatives to the wedding? D) His birthplace is Washington, but he lives in San Francisco.7. The serious haze (雾霾) caused many problems. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence?A) / s i : ris/ B) /si : ris/ C) /seris/ D) /'si
19、ris /8. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A) She looked confident, but in fact she was very nervous.B) I was excited to hear that I had passed the driving test.C) Cars had to be driven slowly because of thick fog.D) Jill hid his sister's bike t
20、o play a trick. on her.9. We always say “please” whenever we ask someone to do things. Which of the following is correct for underlined word in the sentence?A. /plæz/ B. /plez/ C. /pli:z/ D. /plz/ 10. He did very well, but he failed to break the record. Which of the following is correct for the
21、 underlined word in the sentence? A) brek B) brek C)brk D)brk 【答案】DBDCA CDBCB知识点二：冠词1.不定冠词 a/ana用在辅音因素开头的单词a +university , uniform, useful, uselessmake a living , in a hurry, go for a swim；have a good time；have a look at ,have a walk/ talk /cold ; Its a pleasurean用在元音因素开头的单词前an+ hour ，hon
22、esttake an active part in 积极参加26个字母中有12个字母的读音以元音开头，要用an: ( A,E, F, H, I, L, M, N, O, R, S, X )2.定冠词 the 特指The boy in blue乐器前play the piano/violin/guitar/drum/独一无二、最高级、序数词前the sun；the only ；the thinnest；the firstsame前面一定要加thethe same；专有名词the United States；the Peoples Republic of China. The Great Wall
23、搭配make the bed 铺床；by the way 顺便说一下其他用法the + adj. 表示一类人 the poor，the rich，the blindthe + 姓氏复数，表示一家人。the Whites3.零冠词三餐、球类、棋牌类、官职have breakfast; play tennis; play chess; play cards;manager; monitorby + 交通工具by underground the的省略前面有“谁谁的”(名词所有格或者物主代词的时候)，the 省略前面有数词的时候(包括基数词和序数词)，the 省略副词最高级前面通常省略the。注意区别
24、go to school 去上学；go to the school去学校这个地方。go to hospital; go to the hospitalgo to church; go to the church【例题精讲】例1.It is not good manners to find excuse when you are late for school.（2018金山一模）A) a B )an C)the D)/【答案】B【解析】excuse为名词，有借口，理由的意思，发音是元音，故选B。例2.Wechat is useful tool to communicate with other
25、s nowadays.（2018宝山一模）A) an B )/ C) the D)a【答案】D【解析】useful并非元音发音，故选D。【巩固练习】1. _ sign here stands for _ mistake. A) Aa B) Athe C) Thea D) Thethe 2. Kitty is such _ honest student that she is often praised by her teachers.A) aB) anC) theD) /3. Little Tom got up late and went to school in _ hurry this m
26、orning.A) aB) anC) theD) /4. There is _ beautiful garden behind Marys house. A) aB) anC) theD) /5. Its time for fun. Lets play _ tennis, OK?A) / B) aC) anD) the6. Ted told us a funny story, but he forgot _ending himself.A. / B. a C. anD. the7. Hello, sir. Could you show me _dictionary on the bookshe
27、lf? A) theB) aC) anD) /8. My father is _ university teacher. He always works very hard.A) an B) a C) the D) /9. Many companies are planning to work four days_ week nowadays.A) aB) anC) theD) /10. Cathy has got _ new job at a childrens hospital.A) aB) anC) theD) /【答案】CBAAA DABAA知识点三：介词知识梳理1. 介词表示时间、方
28、位、方式的基本用法。2. 一些易混介词的辨析及介词短语的用法。【点睛】介词是虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，只能与名词、代词、数词、动名词等构成介词短语作句子的成分。知识点1. at,on,in用于时间词前介词用法例子at用在具体的时刻前at 3:50 在3点50分on用在具体某一天前（具体某一天的上、下午等；星期几；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）on Monday 在周一；on a rainy evening 在一个下雨的晚上in用在年、月、季节及上午、下午、晚上等词前in spring 在春天【注意】1. at night=in the night 在晚上，at noon 在中午，at this
29、/that time 在这/那时， at Christmas 在圣诞节2. 时间词（morning, afternoon, evening,Sunday.）前有last, next, this that时，不再用介词，tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。如：I will go to the cinema this evening.今晚我将去看电影。知识点2. at,in on用于地点词前介词用法例句at用在小地点前They arrived at a small village before dark.他们在天黑前到达了上海。in用在大地点前或指在某个范围之内He arrived i
30、n Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到达了上海。on表示在某个物体的表面There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。知识点3. across与through1. Across表示从表面穿过。如：Can you swim across the river?你能游过这条河吗？2. through表示从内部穿过。如：The road runs through the forest.这条公路穿过森林。知识点4. in与after1. “in+时间段”表示一段时间之后，与将来时连用，回答how soon引导的问句。如：Ill leave in ten minute
31、s.十分钟之后我将要离开。2. “after+时间段”与过去时连用； “after+时间点”可与将来时连用。They left after two weeks.他们是两周之后离开的。What are you going to do after supper?晚饭后你打算做什么？知识点5. in the tree与on the tree; in the wall与on the wall1. in the tree意为“在树上”，表示外来事物在树上停留；on the tree意为“在树上”，表示花、果、叶等长在树上。如：There is a bird singing in the tree.有只鸟
32、儿正在树上唱歌。There are many apples on the tree.树上有很多苹果。2.in the wall/on the wall都意为“在墙上”。in the wall表示物体镶嵌在墙上，on the wall表示物体贴/挂在墙表面。如：There is a big window in the wall.墙上有一扇大窗户。There is a map on the wall.墙上有一张地图。知识点6. by, with与in介词意义及用法例句by表示“用/靠/通过.的方法”I learn English by listening to the radio.我通过听收音机学
33、英语。with指“用工具、手、口”等Please write the letter with a pen.请用钢笔写这封信。和.一起I often go to school with my sister.我经常和妹妹一起去上学。带有.She is a girl with blond hair.她是一个有金黄色头发的女孩。in指“用语言、话语、声音”等Please say it in English.请用英语说它。后加表示颜色或服装的词She is always in red.她总是穿着红色的衣服。知识点7. between与amongbetween 表示“在两者之间”；among表示“在三者或
34、三者以上之间”。如：Tom sits between Lucy and Lily.汤姆坐在露西和莉莉之间。They lived among the mountains in the past.过去他们住在山里。知识点8. besides与except1. Besides表示一种累加关系，意为“除了.之外（还有.）”。如：Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him.除他妻子外，他的女儿也去看过他了。2. except表示一种排除关系，指“除了.之外，不再有.”。如：No one passed the exam except Jim.除吉
35、姆外，没有一个人通过了考试。知识点9. since,for与until介词意义及用法例句until用于否定句中，意为“直到.才”，谓语动词多为非延续性动词We dont see any flowers until May.直到五月，我们才会看到一些花。用于肯定句中，意为“直到.为止”，谓语动词须用延续性动词You must wait until 10:00.你必须等到十点。since意为“自从.以来”，常用于现在完成时I have live here since ten years ago.自从十年前我就住在这儿了。for意为“历时.之久”He has been a teacher for n
36、ine years.他当老师已经9年了。介词固定搭配：1.介词与动词的搭配ask for寻求. agree with同意. arrive in/at到达 catch up with赶上 do well in在.做得好 depend on取决于look after照顾 look at看 pay for为.付钱 wait for等候 hear from收到.来信 worry about担心spend.on.在.花费 think of认为，想起 help sb. With在.帮助某人 turn on/off/up/down打开/关上/调高/降低2. 介词与名词的搭配at the end of在.末端
37、 at once立刻；马上 at the same time同时 at home/school在家/学校 by bus乘公交车 in time及时 in the sun在阳光下 in trouble在困境中 in the end最终 on foot步行 on time按时 on duty值日3. 介词与形容词的搭配be late for迟到 be afraid of担心 be angry with生.的气be good at擅长 be full of充满 be interested in对.感兴趣be famous for/as因/作为.出名 be good/bad for对.有好处/坏处 【
38、例题精讲】例1.Every year November,people from all over the city come to Hangzhou to enjoy Golden Autumn.（2018奉贤一模）A) in B) at C) onD) during【答案】A【解析】月份前用介词in,故选A。例2.He had learned more than 600 words the age of five.（2018宝山一模）A) about B) by C) at D) of【答案】B【解析】By the age of.到.岁时，用于完成时中，at the age of.在.岁时，
39、用于一般过去时。故选B。【巩固练习】1. A terrible earthquake with Tsunami hit Japan _March 11. A) at B) on C)in D) by2. The boys are talking _the football match between Class One and Class Three.A) about B)in C) from D) with3. It's getting warmer and warmer. Do you still get up_6:30 every day? A) on B) in C) at D
40、) by4. The forest fire in Yunnan started to spread up suddenly _ the night of March 1st.A)at B) in C) for D)on5. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Thursday November.A) in B) on C) at D)for6. The plane will take off three hours. I must get to the airport at once. A) at B) in C) on D) by7. Don'
41、t add too much salt _ the soup, or it will be too salty. A)in B) on C) to D)at8. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping started his visit to the United States February 13. A) in B) on C) at D) for9. Shelly plans to visit Shanghai with her parents _ August. A)at B) on C) in D)by10. The Japanese held diffe
42、rent kinds of activities to commemorate (纪念) the one-year anniversary of their earthquake _ March this year. A) on B)in C) at D)to【答案】BACDA BCBCB知识点四：阅读知识梳理 知识点1：解题步骤 1)先看问题，再读文章带着问题阅读短文，确定主攻方向，特别要注意首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主题，摘取有用的材料。 2)细读全文 认真分析与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落，特别留心一些关键信息词。对于文章中出现的生词或看不懂的句子，可以根据上下文意思猜测理解。 3)复读全
43、文，验证答案 这一步骤要用全文的主题思想统率各考题，把我们在阅读和答题时所得到的信息归纳整理一遍后重新再读一遍短文检查答案，看是否前后一致；意义和语言知识是否和原文相符；是否符合逻辑等。发现前后矛盾、遗漏要点等错误，要立即纠正。要注意的是，改正原来选定的答案，一定要慎之又慎。一定要有充分的理由，才可改正先前的答案。知识点2：题型的类型与解题方法 1)主旨题 主旨题主要测试学生对文章中心思想、主旨大意的理解能力。这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，必须根据原文提供的有关信息，进行合理的推理和判断才能回答。在处理这类问题时，通常采用快读方法，先从头到尾把文章浏览一遍，特别注意要仔细阅读开头段和结
44、尾段，因为大多数文章的中心思想都出现在这两段里。2)细节题细节题主要测试学生识别阅读材料中的具体事实和细节的能力，通常以what、who、which、when、where、how或why等词引导。考生必须特别注意作者在陈述中谈到的是何人、何事、何处、何时、何故，在有关此类问题的地方作一个标记，以便在回答问题时迅速查找。属于细节类的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样，没有固定模式。可行的策略为：明确题意，寻找答案源，抓住关键词，仔细核对。 3)词义题 在中考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导；二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度，可从以下三方面入手： (1)通过上下文的种种提示来准确猜出这个词的含义。 (2)根据构词法辨认其中的词根的含义，就可以判断出其派生、转化或复合词的其他词义。 (3)如果遇到非常熟悉的词汇，一定要尽量撇开其基本含义，注意其引申的意义。关键就是要牢牢树立上下文观