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1、2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共12页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food_1_(play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometim
2、es let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're_2_(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them_3_you can join in when it's possible.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填
3、空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they_4_(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years_5_(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, t
4、he bags fall apart_6_countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of_7_(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A piece of stone_8_(find) on a Dutch be
5、ach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals_9_（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's
6、 long been assumed that human ancestors were_10_（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的4、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after ou
7、r family get-together in the town of Vail.On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all_11_at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded（蹚水）around in the fountain until we_12_. This is one of the busiest walking streets. After we returned to the h
8、otel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder_13_that nowhere could he find his backpack, which_14_his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough_15_we determined that he must have left it at the fountain. Ponder has never_16_anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision（指导）
9、for managing his_17_.He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. "But Dad," he said, through massive_18_, "they don't make that kind of watch anymore." We were all very_19_.Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I_20_
10、him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been_21_.As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long staircase. I saw something black_22_ther
11、e, but it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain, so I could not_23_what it was or if it was hers."See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted. "Don't get too_24_because that may not be it," I said. But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and i
12、t was_25_there. There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out where all could_26_it. I literally_27_when we reached it and it was his！Everyone in our party was blown away by this "miracle（奇迹）". In my wildest_28_, I would never have imagin
13、ed that this could happen nowadays. What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect_29_for a child in losing something importantto lose it and feel the full_30_of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.11. A. droveB. hikedC. metD. united12. A. landedB. leftC. settledD. slept13. A. res
14、pondedB. recognizedC. realisedD. recalled14. A. containedB. combinedC. comprisedD. covered15. A. preparationB. checkupC. revisionD. search16. A. wastedB. lostC. soughD. deserted17. A. emotionB. timeC. moneyD. stuff18. A. tearsB. fistsC. reliefsD. outbreaks19. A. hesitantB. curiousC. sadD. eager20. A
15、. promisedB. informedC. warnedD. taught21. A. worn outB. caught upC. put awayD. turned in22. A. hidingB. sittingC. swingingD. flowing23. A. assessB. declareC. tellD. predict24. A. excitedB. puzzledC. relaxedD. amused25. A. alreadyB. evenC. almostD. still26. A. takeB. seeC. touchD. protect27. A. pani
16、ckedB. explodedC. collapsedD. cried28. A. dreamsB. claimsC. effortsD. passions29. A. modeB. lessonC. optionD. plot30. A. rangeB. pressureC. weightD. harvest第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALancom is a worldwide language learning app and a leader in
17、 the online language learning industry with millions of active subscribers. We house a broad range of experts united by the common goal of creating the best language learning tools possible. With advice from A I specialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-language experts endow Lan
18、com with an enormous potential for innovation within the world of language leaning. Our courses, totalling 20,000 hours of content in 20 different languages, guarantee you language skills you can use right away.At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language leaning wi
19、th advanced technology. Examples and dialogues are recorded with real native speakers instead of automatic computers. Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while in the app and continue leaning outside of it. The app makes our practical language lessons availa
20、ble wherever and whenever. We work directly for our leaners, not for any third party. And it's all supported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone, email and online chat. Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language. L
21、ancom cares about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you already know. Our content is about real-life topics that are relevant because we know what matters to you is what sticks
22、best. You will, find it very rewarding to learn with Lancom. Choose Your Subscription and Get Started1 month3 months6 months12 months$12.95/m$8.95/m$7.45/m$6.95/mBuy with confidence: 21-day money back guarantee! If you aren't satisfied, just write to Customer Service within 21 days. Contact &
23、; Support: customerservice31 Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning?A. Culture researchers.B. AI specialists.C. Language experts.D. Art designers.32. What lies at the core of the Lancom app?A. A flexible system.B. An effective method.C. The brain-training technique.D
24、. The informative content.33. Lancom claims that it is unique in its _.A. personalised coursesB. multiple languagesC pricing policyD. service teamBBaggy has become the first dog in the UKand potentially the worldto join the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground. B
25、aggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to the ground. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems. Con
26、ventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in the air. However, since Baggy stands at about the same height as a child in a pushchair（婴儿车）, she frequently records pollution levels which are much higher than the data gathered by the Environment A gency. The do
27、ggy data research was the idea of Baggy's 13-year-old owner Tom Hunt and his dad Matt. The English youngster noticed that pollution levels are around two-thirds higher close to the ground than they are in the air at the height where they are recorded by the agency. Tom has since reported the sho
28、cking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma（哮喘）. Matt Hunt said he was "very proud" of his son because “when the boy gets an idea, he keeps his head down and gets on with it, and he really does want to do some good and sto
29、p young kids from getting asthma."“Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age," Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets（小装置）. About one year ago, he got this new piece of tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some mon
30、itoring, and he said, why don't we put it on Baggy's collar and let her monitor the pollution？'So we did it."Tom said, "Most of the time, Baggy is just like any other dog. But for the rest of the time she is a super dog, and we are all really proud of her."34. With a monit
31、or on her collar, Baggy can _.A. take pollutant readingsB. record pollutant levelsC. process collected dataD. reduce air pollution35 What can we learn from the Baggy data?A. High places are free of air pollution.B. Higher pushchairs are more risky for kids.C. Conventional monitors are more reliable.
32、D. Air is more polluted closer to the ground.36. What is Tom's purpose of doing the research?A. To warn of a health risk.B. To find out pollution sources.C. To test his new monitor.D. To prove Baggy's abilities.37. According to the passage, which word can best describe Tom Hunt?A. Modest.B.
33、Generous.C. Creative.D. Outgoing.CFor the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, co
34、vering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "
35、You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says. Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago
36、 can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus. The work
37、has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman
38、 statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map. Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her
39、 final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving. Back when sciencethen called “the new philosophy”took shape, academics looked to
40、craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light. If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our
41、modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?A. Confused about the technical terms.B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.C. Discouraged by its complex structure.D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.39. According to Smith,
42、 the reconstruction work is done mainly to _.A. restore old workshopsB. understand the craftsmenC. improve visual effectsD. inspire the philosophers40. Why does the author mention museums?A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.B. To present the findings of old science.C. To highlight the importa
43、nce of antiques.D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.41. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for ArtistsB. Craftsmanship Leads to New TheoriesC. Craftsmanship Makes Better ScientistsD. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of ScienceDCertain forms of AI are indeed
44、becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are
45、. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change. Some of todays AI pioneers want to move on from todays world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often
46、called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, todays powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the
47、 development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If were successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even pro
48、bable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machinethat can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.”Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by many works of fiction Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for exam