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1、专题06动词不定式 第6讲 动词不定式(练)时间 ：50分钟 满分：50分姓名_ 得数_.单句语法填空（每个2分，共20分）1. 【2021届江苏省启东中学高三上学期期初考试】Increasing pork production and supply will be the top priority for agricultural authorities in the following year 36 (ensure) pork production can rebound close to the level before outbreaks of African swine fever
2、 occurred, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said.【答案】to ensure【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知ensure pork production作目的状语，为了确保猪肉的价格回落到非洲猪瘟爆发之前。故填to ensure。2. 【江苏省盐城中学2020-2021学年高三上学期九月质量检测】You see colours in everything around you, every moment of the day. But do you ever stop46(think) about the impac
3、t each of those colours is having on you? Whether its the calming effect of blue skies, or the red and yellow of your local fast food chain, each colour has a meaning and taps into emotions.【答案】to think【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是你有没有想过这些颜色对你的影响？设空处在句中作非谓语。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”。故答案为to think。3.
4、（2021·长春市榆树高级中学高三期末）He pretended _(study)when his father stepped into his room. 【答案】to be studying【解析】考查to do不定式和固定搭配。句意：当他父亲走进他的房间时，他假装正在学习。动词pretend意为“假装”，其后动词应用to do不定式。根据“when his father stepped into his room”可知，此处是指他假装正在学习。所以应用to do不定式的一般式的进行式。pretend to be doing意为“假装正在做某事”。故填to be studyin
5、g。4（2021·黑龙江哈师大附中高三期末）Not knowing _ to deal with the problem, I have to turn to you for help. 【答案】how【解析】考查疑问词。句意：我不知道如何处理这个问题，只好向你求助。deal with/do with（处理），区别在于，how与deal with连用，what与do with连用。故填how。5（2021·黑龙江哈师大附中高三期末）Id like to invite you to visit the paper-cutting exhibition _(hold) by o
6、ur school next Sunday. 【答案】to be held【解析】考查不定式的被动语态。句意：我想邀请你下星期天参观我们学校举办的剪纸展。分析句子可知，此处表示“将要举办的剪纸展”应用动词不定式表将来，且“the paper-cutting exhibition”与“hold”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填to be held。6（2021·浙江）The students are looking forward to having a chance _ (explore)the topic with the lecturer. 【答案】to explore【解析】
7、考查不定式。句意：学生们期待着有机会与讲师探讨这个话题。have a chance to do sth表示“有机会做某事”，是固定搭配，故填to explore。7. （2020·全国）Woo Sing stopped _ (think) about these strange actions, saying to himself, "This boy is fooling me. He does everything that I do."【答案】to think【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Woo Sing停下来想到这些奇怪的行为，自言自语道：“这孩子在糊弄我
8、。我所做的一切他都做。”根据句意可知，Woo Sing停下来想这些奇怪的行为， stop to do sth.停下来去做某事。故填to think。8. （2020·全国高三）He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to _ (tell) how to live a more simple life. 【答案】be told【解析】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：他去向一个佛教高僧寻求指点，期望被告知如何过更简单的生活。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”，且他是期望“被告知”，he和tell之间为被动关系，用动
9、词不定式被动形式做宾语，故填be told。9. （2020·全国高三）It took years of work_(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. 【答案】to reduce【解析】考查固定句型。句意：减少工业污染和净化污水需要多年的工作。固定句型 It takes (sb.)some time to do sth 做某事花费(某人)多长时间，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，因此，该空用动词不定式形式to reduce。故填to reduce。10. （2020·全国）Picking up he
10、r " Lifetime Achievement" award, proud Irene declared she had no plans_（retire）from her 36-year-old business.【答案】to retire【解析】考查不定式作后置定语。句意：自豪的艾琳在领取“终身成就奖”时说她没有从她36年的事业中退休的打算。分析可知“retire(退休)”是“去做、将要做”的事，故用不定式作定语修饰前面的名词plans，构成“ have plan to do”这一结构。故填to retire。.单项选择（每个1分，共20分）1（2021·天
11、津和平区·高三三模）Have you checked all the relief_ to the people in the disaster area?Yes, several times. But I'll check it once more.AsentBsendingCto sendDto be sent【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你检查了要送给灾区人民的所有救济品了吗？是的，几次了。但是我将再核查一下。分析句子可知，“_ to the people in the disaster area”作定语，修饰relief，relief与send之间是被动关系
12、，根据句意，“救济品还没有发出”，表示将来的动作用不定式形式，故选D。2（2021·天津河北区·高三一模）Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success.Abeing doneBdoCto be doneDto do【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有一个好的开端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作达到最后的目标。分析句子可知，主语work与do是被动关系，故排除B、D项；need doing或need to be done都表示：需要被做 ，故A项错误，故选D。
13、3（2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模）All I can do is_ a tricycle and make money for the students.Aride.Bto rideCridingDrode【答案】A【解析】考查不定式。句意：我所能做的是骑三轮车为我的学生赚钱。根据句子结构可知，设空处作表语。根据All I can do可知，句子的主语含有do，所以作表语的不定式可以省略to，故填动词原形。故选A项。4（2021·天津南开区·高三二模）The conference _ to discuss how to bring infection
14、s down to zero next week is of great significance.Ato holdBhaving been heldCto be heldDbeing held【答案】C【解析】考查动词不定式的被动式。句意：下周将举行的讨论如何将感染率降至零的会议具有重要意义。本句已有系动词is 且无连词，动词hold用非谓语动词形式，由时间状语next week（表将来）可知，会议还未举行，逻辑主语The conference与动词hold是动宾关系，用动词不定式的被动式（ to be done）表将来和被动，作The conference的后置定语。故选C项。5（2021
15、·天津河东区·高三二模）Lots of empty bottles were found under the poor old man's bed. He must have done nothing but_.AdrinkBto drinkCdrinkingDdrunk【答案】A【解析】考查动词原形。句意：在那位可怜的老人的床下发现了许多空瓶子。他一定是喝多了。do nothing but do sth.意为“除了什么也没有做”。but 后面有时接带to的动词不定式，有时接动词原形（不带to的动词不定式）。当句子前面有do时，but后面跟动词原形，当句子前面没有d
16、o时，but后面跟的动词通常不省略to。故选A项。6（2021·天津和平区·高三二模）-I heard Mr. Smith is the newly elected president of your university.-Yes. But with a lot of difficult problems _, he is having a hard time.AsettledBsettlingCto settleDbeing settled【答案】C【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：我听说史密斯先生是新当选的贵校校长。是的。但是有许多困难的问题要解决，他的日子不好过。
17、在“with宾语宾语补足语”结构中，若宾语补足语是不定式，不定式所表示的动作将要发生，且句子的主语是该动作逻辑上的执行者，此时不定式须用主动式。在该句with的复合结构中用动词不定式to settle作宾语补足语，且主动表示被动。故选C。7（2021·天津高三一模）_ ecosystems, we must take urgent measures to protect the diversity of species.ARescuingBTo rescueCRescuedDHaving rescued【答案】B【解析】考查to do不定式。句意：为了拯救生态系统，我们必须采取紧急措
18、施保护物种多样性。根据“we must take urgent measures to protect the diversity of species”可知，此处是指“为了拯救生态系统”，应用to do不定式表目的。故选B。8（2021·天津高三）I had enough time_something before_ for the airport.Adoing, leaveBto do, leavingCdoing, leavingDto do, leave【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在去机场之前，我有足够的时间做些事情。time to do sth“做某事的时间”，
19、time应该接动词不定式作后置定语；before作为介词应该接动名词作宾语。故选B项。9（2021·天津高三）The broadly-knowledgeable professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of _ the power plant.AbuildBbuildingCto buildDbuilt【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位知识渊博的教授告诉我们，建造发电厂要充分利用这些材料的每一部分。分析句子成分可知，“_ the power plant”作目的状语，因此用不定式形式，故
20、选C。10（2021·天津西青区·高三期末）_out the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russell several times.AWorkingBWorkedCTo workDWork【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解出这道数学题，我已经请教过 Russell教授好几次了。句中用不定式作目的状语。故选C。11（2021·天津滨海新区·高三期末）The problems_ at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solv
21、e.Ato be discussedBdiscussedCbeing discussedDto discuss【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天会议上要讨论的问题真的很难解决。分析句子结构可知discuss在句中应用非谓语动词形式，结合后文“at the meeting tomorrow”可知表示将来的动作应用不定式，且problems与discuss构成被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态to be done形式。故选A。12（2021·天津高三期末）Various measures are being taken such as the street-stall and s
22、mall-store economy _ domestic demand.AexpandedBto be expandingCexpandingDto expand【答案】D【解析】考查不定式。句意：正在采取各种措施，如街头摊贩和小商店经济，以扩大内需。本句主语是Various measures，谓语动词是 are being taken， _ domestic demand.是目的状语，用不定式结构，故选D项。13（2021·天津南开区·高三期末）The police_to the spot_order immediately.Awas sent; to keepBwer
23、e sent; keepingCwas sent; keepingDwere sent; to keep【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致，被动语态和不定式。句意：警察立即被派往现场维持秩序。结合句意，主语the police和谓语动词send之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态，the police是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。结合句意，警察是被派往去维持秩序的，所以维持秩序是目的，用不定式表示目的。故选D项。14（2021·天津静海区·静海一中高三月考）The great scientist is said to be writing a science story about
24、 outer space _ by Science and Technology Press next year.ApublishedBbeing publishedCto be publishedDhaving been published【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：据说这位伟大的科学家正在写一篇关于外太空的科学报道，将于明年由科技出版社出版。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，根据时间状语next year可知publish这一动作是将要发生的动作，故此处用不定式形式，且逻辑主语story与publish是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态to be done。故选C
25、。15（2021·黑龙江牡丹江市·牡丹江一中高三期末）My bike needs _ but I forgot _ it to the repair shop.Ato repair; to takeBrepairing; to takeCto be repaired; takingDrepairing; taking【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的自行车需要修理，但是我忘记要把它送到修理店。need做实意动词时，后接动词ing形式，表示被动。forget to do sth. 表示忘记去做某事（还没做）。根据句意可知，我的自行车需要被修理，但是我没有把自行车送去
26、修理店了。故选B。16（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中）Competition forces them always to the latest technology, which both increases output and puts pressure on prices.AencounterBestablishCestimateDemploy【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：竞争迫使它们总是采用最新的技术，这既增加了产量，也给价格带来了压力。force sb. to do sth.意为：强迫某人做某事，其中不定式to do作宾语补足语，故空格处填动词
27、原形。A.encounter 遇到；遇上； B.establish 建造；设立；C.estimate 估计；评价 ；D.employ 雇用；采用。根据句意和语境可知此处指竞争迫使它们采用最新的技术。故选D。17（2021·黑龙江实验中学高三月考） My cousin would like to risk _the weight-loss pills rather than _in a gym.Really ? She must be mad.Ato take; work outBto take ; working outCtaking, working outDtaking; wor
28、k out【答案】D【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我表妹宁愿冒险吃减肥药也不去健身房。真的吗？她一定疯了。第一空考查risk doing sth.，是固定搭配，意为“冒险做某事”，所以第一空用taking；would like to do sth. rather than do sth.是固定搭配，意为“宁愿做，而不愿做”，所以第二空填work out。故选D项。18（2021·天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模）Mary rushed home_ she heard the news, only _ that her husband was gone.Aas soon as; find
29、ingBimmediately; to findCthe moment; findDwhen; found【答案】B【解析】考查连接词辨析和非谓语动词。句意：Mary一听到这个消息就冲回家，结果却发现她丈夫已经不在了。第一空，A. as soon as一就；B. immediately一就；C. the moment一就；D. when当时候，第一空引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”，故排除D选项；第二空中根据上文only to do sth.表示“不料竟会”，后跟不定式做结果状语，故排除A、C选项。故选B。19（2021·天津耀华中学高三二模）The cash the company
30、has recently received from the government is not enough to cover the debt _.Aremained to payBremaining to be paidCremaining to payDremained to be paid【答案】B【解析】考查现在分词作后置定语和动词不定式作表语。句意：该公司最近从政府获得的现金不足以支付剩余的债务。此处debt和remain之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语，且remain是连系动词，意思是“保持，使处于某种状态”，这里debt和pay之间是被动关系，是动词不定式一般式的被动式作
31、表语，“仍然处于被做的状态”。故选B。20（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）That is the only way we can imagine _the overuse of water in students bathrooms.Ato reduceBreducingCreducedDreduce【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是我们能想出来的减少学生洗漱用水过多的唯一的方法 。 “做某事的方法”可以说成是the way to do sth, the way of doing sth,或者the way+从句。本题中way有两个定语：一个是从句we can
32、imagine（来修饰the way,the way 作imagine的宾语，可以用关系词that/which，也可省略。本句中就是省略），另一个是to reduce。故选A。III【过关练】高考真题（每个1分，共10分）1. （2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.【答案】to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设
33、备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。2. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.【答案】 to care。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。3. （2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known pain
34、ter.【答案】 to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。4. (2020·浙江卷语法填空) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60(change)lives.【答案】 to change【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需
35、用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。5. （2019全国I卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over a large area. 【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵
36、的，故此处用to perform。6. （2019全国III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take _ (get)there. 【答案】to get【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。7（2019浙江高考）But some students didn't want _ (wear) the uniform.【
37、答案】to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。8【2018·全国I】You don't have to run fast or for long_62_(see)the benefit.【答案】to see【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。9【2018·全国II】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encou
38、rages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality.【答案】to improve【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。10【2018·全国III】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _70_ (stay)and watch.【答案】to stay【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。