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1、关于主谓一致PPT第1页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一 “主主谓谓一一致致”是是指指谓谓语语动动词词与与主主语语必必须须在在人人称称、数数上上保保持持一一致致，即即主主语语是是复复数数，谓谓语语也也用用复复数数形形式式，如如are,were,have等等，主主语语是是单单数数，谓谓语语要要用用单单数数形形式式，如如：is,was,has,works等。等。一一般般语语法法书书在在具具体体处处理理一一致致关关系系时时皆皆要要求求遵循以下三原则遵循以下三原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。第2页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一一、谓语动词为单数的情况一、谓语动词为单数的情况
2、A.Twenty years_(is/are)only a short time in human history.B.Writing stories and articles_(are/is)what he likes.C.Whatever was left_(were/was)taken away.D.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _(have/has)not been decided yet.(2003 上海春季高考卷)1.表表示示时时间间、距距离离、金金钱钱、长长度度、重重量量等等复复数数名名词词作作主主语语，表表达达一一
3、个个整体概念整体概念时。时。2.2.主语从句、动词不定式或主语从句、动词不定式或(一个以上的一个以上的)疑问词疑问词 加不定式、动名词作主语时。加不定式、动名词作主语时。第3页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一E.The United states are/is made up of 50 states.F.The Times is/are a newspaper for the British government.3.3.以以-S结尾的单数名词，结尾的单数名词，形复而意单形复而意单，表示学科、国表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语时家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语时,如如(news,ph
4、ysics,mathematics，politics，gymnastics)。4.thenumberof,oneandahalf作主语时作主语时.G.One and a half apples _(is/are)left on the table.第4页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一6.everyandevery/eachandeach/noandno,manyaandmanya连接两个单数名词作主语。连接两个单数名词作主语。Every desk and every chair are/is made of wood.Many a boy and girl has/have made the s
5、ame mistake.H.Many a student has/have seen the film.I.More than one student have/has seen the film.5.manya/morethanone/each/every/either/neither做主语时做主语时第5页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一7.由由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念或成对的连接的并列成分指的是同一概念或成对的名词，名词，the+n+and+n如如breadandbutter，sodaandwater，coffeeandmilk，knifeandfork等。等。The worker
6、and writer are/is from Wuhan.比较：The worker and the writer is/are from Beijing.(请请总结这两题解题思路的区别总结这两题解题思路的区别)Bread and butter is/are a daily food in the West.A knife and fork is/are needed.War and peace is/are a constant theme in history.第6页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一8.不定代词不定代词any(one,thing,body);some(one,thing,bod
7、y);every(one,thing,body);no(one,thing,body);1).Someone _(be)waiting for you.2).Anybody _(be)to be punished if he/she breaks the rules here.3).Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it _.A.oneself B.themselves C.himself isisB第7页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一二、谓语动词为复数的情况二、谓语动词为复数的情况A.The poli
8、ce are/is looking for the missing child.B.The rich are/is not always happy.C.The Whites is/aregoing to make a trip to London.D.The injured has/have been taken to hospital.1.people,police,cattle,sheep等等形单而意复的形单而意复的集合名词作主语。集合名词作主语。2.the+adj./ed表示一类人；表示一类人；the+姓的复数形式姓的复数形式表一家人做主语时。表一家人做主语时。第8页，讲稿共32张，创
9、作于星期一E.The Olympic Games are/is held once every four years.F.A group of students is/are absent yesterday.3.由由山山脉脉、群群岛岛、瀑瀑布布(falls)、运运动动会会等等s结结尾尾的的专专有有名词作主语。名词作主语。4.anumberof/agroupof+名词作主语。名词作主语。第9页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一三、谓语动词单、复数视情况而定三、谓语动词单、复数视情况而定1.集集体体名名词词class,family,army,team,club,crowd,audience,publi
10、c,group,government,majority等等作作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。His family _ (is/are)a great one.His family _ (is/are)music lovers.2.means,works(工工厂厂),sheep,fish,deer等等单单复复数数同同形形的词的词,根据根据主语表达的概念主语表达的概念或其或其修饰语修饰语而定。而定。The steel works is near the station.Every means _ tried out without any resu
11、lt.All means _ tried out without any result.A.have been B.has beenisareBA第10页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一3.“some/any/half/most/enough/part/therest/分分数数、百百分分数数+of+名名词词”作作主主语语,谓谓语语动动词词要要和和of之之后后的的名词单复数保持一致。名词单复数保持一致。The rest of the studentsare watering trees.Therestofthewinehasgonebad.4.定定语语从从句句谓谓语语动动词词的的形形式式取取决决于于
12、其其先先行行词词的的单单复复数数。oneof+名名词词复复数数引引导导定定语语从从句句时时，若若one前前有有the,theonly,thevery修修饰饰时时，定定语语从从句句中中谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数，反反之之用复数。用复数。Heisoneofthefewpersonswho_agoodknowledgeofChinesehistory.A.hasB.haveHeistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_beengivenaprize.A.hasB.haveBA第11页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一5.what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词有单复数引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词有单
13、复数两种形式：如：两种形式：如：Whatweneed_(be)moretime.Whatheneed_(be)books.6.6.代词代词 what,who,which,all,most,more,rest 等作主语时，根据其所指代的意义确定其谓语动词等作主语时，根据其所指代的意义确定其谓语动词 的单复数形式：的单复数形式：All_(be)hereandall_(be)ready!What_(be)wrongwithyou?What_(be)thenamesofthebooksonthedesk?isareareisisare第12页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一四四.就近一致原则就近一致原则
14、由由由由or,either or,neithernor,notbut,not onlybutalso等等等等连连连连接接接接的的的的并并并并列列列列主主主主语语语语，谓谓谓谓语语语语动动动动词词词词常常常常和和和和靠靠靠靠近近近近的的的的作作作作主主主主语语语语的的的的名名名名词词词词有有有有单单单单复数上保持一致。复数上保持一致。复数上保持一致。复数上保持一致。NotonlyhebutalsoI_(is/are/am)invited.Neithermyglovesnormyhat_(go/goes)withthedress.但但注注意意：“with/alongwith/togetherwit
15、h/including/but/not/except/like/aswellas/nomorethan/ratherthan+名名名名词词词词”置置于于主主语语后后，谓谓语语动动词词一一般般仍仍和和前前面面的的名名词词在在单单复复数数上上保保持持一致。一致。Theteacherwithanumberofstudents_(be)intheclassroom.Nobodybutthestudents_(be)ontheplayground.Onlythestudents_(be)ontheplayground.isamgoesisare第13页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟
16、表语一致谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?WeChinese_ahard-workingpeopleAisBareCisbeingDarebeing此此题题应应选选B。这这里里应应注注意意的的是是：我我们们通通常常说说的的是是主主谓谓一一致致（即即谓谓语语与与主主语语保保持持一一致致），而而不不是是表表谓谓一一致致（即即不不是是谓谓语语与与表表语语一一致致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。第14页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一第15页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一1.On the wall_ two large portraits.A.hangs B.
17、hang C.hanged D.hanging 2.“News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,”the company commander said.A.keep B.keeps C.kept D.have kept 3.There _ a lot of milk in the bottle.A.are B.is C.were D.has4.Zhangs family _ rather big,with twelve people in all.A.is B.are C.being D.was 5.Nobody but Jane
18、_ the secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known第16页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一6.All but one _ here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were7.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 8.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having
19、one exam after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be第17页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一9.The number of people invited _ fifty,but a number of them_ absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were 10.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.h
20、ave not decided第18页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一一用所给词的适当形式填空一用所给词的适当形式填空 1.1.Heradvice_usefultome.(be)Heradvice_usefultome.(be)2.2.Everyone_TomandMarywillgetmarriedEveryone_TomandMarywillgetmarriednextmonth.(know)nextmonth.(know)3.3.Nothing_beendonetostopthelakefromNothing_beendonetostopthelakefrombeingpolluted.(h
21、ave)beingpolluted.(have)4.4.Eitheroftherooms_bigenough.(be)Eitheroftherooms_bigenough.(be)5.5.Morethanoneperson_killedintheMorethanoneperson_killedintheaccident.(be)accident.(be)6.6.Morequestionsthanone_beenasked.(have)Morequestionsthanone_beenasked.(have)7.7.ApoorwomantogetherwithherfourchildrenApo
22、orwomantogetherwithherfourchildren_foundbegginginthestreet.(be)_foundbegginginthestreet.(be)isknowshasiswashavewas第19页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一9.9.Theprofessor,includingallofhisstudents_Theprofessor,includingallofhisstudents_goneabroad.(have)goneabroad.(have)10.10.Twohours_enoughforustofinishtheTwohours_enough
23、forustofinishthework.(be)work.(be)11.11.Onehundreddollarsamonth_notOnehundreddollarsamonth_notahighpay.(be)ahighpay.(be)12.12.ArabianNightsArabianNights_abookpopularwiththe_abookpopularwiththeyoungchildren.(be)youngchildren.(be)13.13.Politics_noteasyforthestudentstoPolitics_noteasyforthestudentstole
24、arnwell.(be)learnwell.(be)14.14.Theyouth_fondofrocknrollmusic.(be)Theyouth_fondofrocknrollmusic.(be)15.15.Fiftytonsofcoal_wastedinthefactoryFiftytonsofcoal_wastedinthefactorylastyear.(be)lastyear.(be)16.16.Alargequantityofnewmachines_beenAlargequantityofnewmachines_beenboughtbythefactorythisyear.(ha
25、ve)boughtbythefactorythisyear.(have)hasisisisisarewerehave第20页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一 17.17.Collectingstampsandplayingtheguitar_Collectingstampsandplayingtheguitar_myhobbies.myhobbies.18.18.Eachboyandeachgirl_tofinishtheworkEachboyandeachgirl_tofinishtheworkontime.(be)ontime.(be)19.19.Whattheyneeded_somewate
26、r.(be)Whattheyneeded_somewater.(be)20.20.Nearly60percentofthestudentsinourclassNearly60percentofthestudentsinourclass_boys.(be)_boys.(be)21.21.MorethantwothirdsofthesurfaceoftheearthMorethantwothirdsofthesurfaceoftheearth_coveredbywater.(be)_coveredbywater.(be)22.22.Neithermyparentsnormysister_known
27、Neithermyparentsnormysister_knownthesecret.(have)thesecret.(have)23.23.There_somewaterandstonesinthebottle.(be)There_somewaterandstonesinthebottle.(be)areisisareishasis第21页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一二对比选择填空：二对比选择填空：1 1 1a.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthat_a.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthat_gotfullmark.gotfullmark.b
28、.Heisoneofthestudentsthat_gotfullmake.b.Heisoneofthestudentsthat_gotfullmake.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveA.isB.areC.hasD.have2.a.Threefourthsoftheteacherspresent_against2.a.Threefourthsoftheteacherspresent_againsttheplan.theplan.b.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth_b.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth_cover
29、edwithwater.coveredwithwater.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereA.isB.areC.wasD.were3.a.Thefamoussingeranddancer_ourpartythis3.a.Thefamoussingeranddancer_ourpartythisevening.evening.b.Thefamoussingerandthefamousdancer_ourb.Thefamoussingerandthefamousdancer_ourpartythisevening.partythisevening.A.aregoingtoattendB.w
30、astoattendA.aregoingtoattendB.wastoattendC.weretoattendD.isgoingtoattendC.weretoattendD.isgoingtoattendCDBADA第22页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一4.4.a.Anumberofstudents_fromthecountry.a.Anumberofstudents_fromthecountry.b.Thenumberofstudents_900.b.Thenumberofstudents_900.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveA.isB.areC.hasD.have5.a.Whe
31、reandwhentohavetheparty_notbeen5.a.Whereandwhentohavetheparty_notbeendecidedyet.decidedyet.b.WhatIsayandthink_nothingtodowithyou.b.WhatIsayandthink_nothingtodowithyou.A.isB.hasC.areD.haveA.isB.hasC.areD.have6.a.Manyaboy_thiskindofbicycle.6.a.Manyaboy_thiskindofbicycle.b.Manyboys_thiskindofbicycle.b.
32、Manyboys_thiskindofbicycle.A.likeB.likesA.likeB.likes7.a.Allbutone_herenow.7.a.Allbutone_herenow.b.Thereisnothingunusual.All_goingwell.b.Thereisnothingunusual.All_goingwell.A.hasB.isC.haveD.areA.hasB.isC.haveD.areBABBBADB第23页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一8.8.a.Whatshewants_moretime.a.Whatshewants_moretime.b.Whatshe
33、wants_moresheep.b.Whatshewants_moresheep.A.hasB.haveC.isD.areA.hasB.haveC.isD.are9.a.Icanworkouttwoofthefiveproblems,buttherest9.a.Icanworkouttwoofthefiveproblems,buttherest_toodifficultforme._toodifficultforme.b.Ihavefinishedonethirdoftheworkandtherestb.Ihavefinishedonethirdoftheworkandtherest_left
34、foryou._leftforyou.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveA.isB.areC.hasD.have10.a.Thepopulationofthesmallcountry_600,000.10.a.Thepopulationofthesmallcountry_600,000.b.Twothirdsofthepopulationinthissmallcountryb.Twothirdsofthepopulationinthissmallcountry_farmers._farmers.A.hasB.haveC.isD.areA.hasB.haveC.isD.are11.a.Th
35、ebasketballteam_bathsnow.11.a.Thebasketballteam_bathsnow.b.Thebasketballteam_5members.b.Thebasketballteam_5members.A.hasB.ishavingC.arehavingD.haveA.hasB.ishavingC.arehavingD.haveCDBACDCA第24页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一12.12.a.Myfamily_verysmall.a.Myfamily_verysmall.b.Thefamily_sittingroundthetablenow.b.Thefamily
36、_sittingroundthetablenow.A.isB.wereC.wasD.areA.isB.wereC.wasD.are13.a.EitheryouorI_goingtotheteachers13.a.EitheryouorI_goingtotheteachersofficeafterclass.officeafterclass.b._eitheryouorIgoingtotheteachersofficeb._eitheryouorIgoingtotheteachersofficeafterclass?afterclass?A.isB.areC.amD.hasA.isB.areC.
37、amD.has14.a.Theyeach_anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.14.a.Theyeach_anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.b.Eachofthem_anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.b.Eachofthem_anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.A.hasB,haveC.isD.areA.hasB,haveC.isD.are15.a.Ascientistandsomeofhisassistants_tohelp15.a.Ascientistandsomeofhisassistan
38、ts_tohelptodothework.todothework.b.Ascientist,aswellassomeofhisassistants,_b.Ascientist,aswellassomeofhisassistants,_ _to_tohelptodothework.helptodothework.A.sentB.sendC.weresentD.wassentA.sentB.sendC.weresentD.wassentADCCBACD第25页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一 15.15.a.There_amagazine,afewlettersandsomea.There_amaga
39、zine,afewlettersandsomenewspapersonthetable.newspapersonthetable.b.There_afewletters,amagazineandsomeb.There_afewletters,amagazineandsomenewspaperonthetable.newspaperonthetable.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasA.isB.areC.haveD.has16.a.Eitherofthestreet_linedbytreesand16.a.Eitherofthestreet_linedbytreesandflowers
40、.flowers.b.Bothofthestreet_linedbytreesandb.Bothofthestreet_linedbytreesandflowers.flowers.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasA.isB.areC.haveD.has17.a.Allthatheneeds_moretimeandmoney.17.a.Allthatheneeds_moretimeandmoney.b.Allthatheneeds_morenaturalb.Allthatheneeds_morenaturalresources.resources.A.isB.areC.haveD.ha
41、sA.isB.areC.haveD.hasABABAB第26页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一 18.18.a.Therestofthestudentsintheschool_goinga.Therestofthestudentsintheschool_goingtostayatschool.tostayatschool.b.Therestofhisincome_togivetohisb.Therestofhisincome_togivetohismother.mother.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereA.isB.areC.wasD.were19.a.Thesheepthathehas
42、raised_whiteones.19.a.Thesheepthathehasraised_whiteones.b.b.Thesheepheisgoingtogivetohisson_Thesheepheisgoingtogivetohisson_ayoungone.ayoungone.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasA.isB.areC.haveD.hasBABA第27页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一 AgreementAgreement(练习练习练习练习)三、三、三、三、选择填空选择填空选择填空选择填空1.1.TheThenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,but
43、anumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,buta number of them _ absent for different reasons.number of them _ absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were C.was;were D.were;were 2.The number of students in this school _ by 5%2.The number of students in this school
44、 _ by 5%every year.every year.A.rise B.raise C.rises D.raisesA.rise B.raise C.rises D.raises3.A library with five thousand books _ to the3.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered
45、C.are offered D.have offeredC CC CA A第28页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一4.4.E-mail,as well as telephones,_ an important partE-mail,as well as telephones,_ an important part in daily communication.in daily communication.A.is playing B.have played C.are played D.play A.is playing B.have played C.are played D.play5.Nob
46、ody but Jane _ the secret.5.Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A.Know B.knows A.Know B.knows C.have known D.is known C.have known D.is known6.All but one _ here just now.6.All but one _ here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were A.is B.was C.has been D.were7.Either you or the headmaster _ the prizes to th
47、ese7.Either you or the headmaster _ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.gifted students at the meeting.D.is to hand out A.is handing out D.is to hand out A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out 8.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tire
48、d 8.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.A.is B.are C.am D.ABDDB第29页，讲稿共32张，创作于星期一9.9.She is one of the few girls who _ in the She is one of the few girls who _ in the kindergarten.kindergarten.A.i
49、s well paid B.are well paid A.is well paid B.are well paid C.is paying D.are paid well C.is paying D.are paid well10._ of the land in that district _ covered10._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.with trees and grass.A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth;are A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth
50、;are C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are11.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.11.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided C.has not decided D.have