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1、关于英语常见句子类型详解现在学习的是第1页，共27页1.当我们提及同等重要的两件或多件事情或观点时，我们多采用由并列连词连接的并列分句(coordinate clauses),这种方法称为并列并列(coordination)。而在表达一个主句中更加重要的观点或以从句来表达不太重要的观点时，我们会使用从属从属(subordination)的方法。采用何种方法取决于我们所需要表达的观点之间的内部关系。现在学习的是第2页，共27页试比较以下三句。e.g:This rich man went to church every Sunday,and he never donated a cent for
2、the benefit of his neighborhood.This rich man went to church every Sunday,but he never donated a cent for the benefit of his neighborhood.Although he was rich and went to church every Sunday,he never donated a cent for the benefit of his neighborhood.现在学习的是第3页，共27页Types of Sentence(句子的类型)1.陈述句，疑问句，祈
3、使句和感叹句.（declarative,interrogative,imperative,and exclamatory sentences）2.简单句，并列句，复合句，和并列复合句(simple,compound,complex,and compound-complex sentences)3.松散句，圆周句和对偶句(loose,periodic,and balanced sentences)4.短句和长句(short and long sentences)现在学习的是第4页，共27页1.陈述句，疑问句，祈使句和感叹句.根据用法用法来分，句子可分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句和感叹句.陈述句：陈述
4、观点和事实疑问句：提出问题祈使句：表达命令和请求感叹句：抒发强烈的感情现在学习的是第5页，共27页2.简单句，并列句，复合句，和并列复合句按句子结构句子结构划分简单句：一个主语和一个谓语动词，但可以有几个宾语，定语或状语。如：We encouraged our children to be brave.但是如下句子：He and his brothers went to town and bought a pile of books.有的语法书做简单句，有的做并列句。现在学习的是第6页，共27页并列句包含两个或者更多个的独立从句（或简单句）。这些意思 相关的独立从句用并列连词并列连词（and,
5、but,or）或分号分号等连接起来。意思相关的各从句不相互矛盾，大致同等重要，并按一定顺序排列。如：Lin looks like Li;however,they are not related.He can go to Canada to have further education or he has the choice to stay.现在学习的是第7页，共27页复合句包含一个主句主句和一个或者更多的从句从句。主句和从句从连词来显示它们的关系。从句可以充当全句的主语，宾语，表语，定语或状语。如：The one who sat in front of me is Mr.Chen.Even
6、the wisest one,who was usually quick in thinking and action,was silent this time.现在学习的是第8页，共27页并列复合句包含至少两个主语和一个从句，即并列句和复合句的组合。如：Actually,not all Americans hold all these values,and those who do may hold other,and at times contradictory,values that affect their ways of behaving.现在学习的是第9页，共27页写作中这种类型句
7、子要注意的地方1.简单句强劲有力，意思清楚，和长句子一起用还会使句式富于变化。简单句一般用于表达需要强调或重要的意思。2.长的并列复合句可以容纳多种修饰词能清楚并准确地表达复杂的意思。现在学习的是第10页，共27页 改写下列句子，把短句变为并列句、复合句或带有分词改写下列句子，把短句变为并列句、复合句或带有分词短语、介词短语或其他短语的句子：短语、介词短语或其他短语的句子：1.Xu comes from a working-class family.He enrolled in college last fall.2.The dean issued a bulletin.It said the
8、 library would remain open at weekend.3.Last night was a wild night.The thunder roared.The wind blew a gale.The rain fell in torrents.4.There are icicles on the trees.The temperature must have fallen considerable during the night.5.He returned to his hometown.He had been away for 12 years.He looked
9、in vain for the familiar landmarks.现在学习的是第11页，共27页6.We have made some progress.We still have a long way to go.7.The sky was cloudless.The sun was shining brightly.8.There were over two hundred passengers on board the plane.About one third of them were foreigners.9.The girl began to learn to play pia
10、no when she was a child.Her mother was a famous pianist.10.Napoleon was born in Corsica in 1769.At that time the island had just been acquired by France.现在学习的是第12页，共27页3.松散句，圆周句和对偶句(loose,periodic,and balanced sentences)从修辞修辞的角度来看，句子有松散句，圆周句和对偶句(loose,periodic,and balanced sentences)之分。现在学习的是第13页，共2
11、7页松散句(loose sentences)把主要意思放在次要意思之前，先说最重要的事情，读者看到前面的词就知道这个句子的内容。(即重要的先说）He knew he had little chance of getting the job,although he wanted it more than anything else in the world.The willow somehow suggested a young woman,with her long hair flowing in the wind.现在学习的是第14页，共27页圆周句(periodic sentences)把
12、最重要的安排在最后面或靠后的位置，读者只有看完整句话才知道意思。With her long hair flowing in the wind,the willow somehow suggested a young woman.Although he wanted the job more than anything else in the world,he knew he had little chance of getting it.现在学习的是第15页，共27页More Examples She decided to study English though she was intere
13、sted in music.Although she was interested in music,she finally decided to study English.第一个句子的第一个部分是完整的结构，除去第二部分仍然成立，为松散句。第二个句子第一部分只是从句，起来修饰说明的作用，加上第二部分才是完整的句子，为圆周句。It is a truth universally acknowledged,that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.(?)现在学习的是第16页，共27页平衡
14、句平衡句(balanced sentences)平衡句是并列句和并列复合句的一种。句中的各部分结构相同，但是意义相互对立。The humid summers drained my strength;the mild winters renewed my energy.As the years went by,the mansion faded from their memories,and the new home occupied their efforts.现在学习的是第17页，共27页松散句比较易懂，简单，自然和直接。圆周句比较复杂，着重，正式和文雅。对偶句的语气强劲有力，因为包含相反的
15、意思，节奏和谐而悦耳，容易给人留下深刻的印象。如：Let us be ruthless in our criticism,cruel to personal vanities,indifferent to age,rank or experience if these stand in our way.On hearing the news,he was angered,and I was saddened.现在学习的是第18页，共27页指出下列各句的类型（松散，圆周，对偶句）1.She missed the step and sprained her ankle.2.Badly fright
16、ened by the explosion,the boy rushed out of the laboratory.3.The Wangs must have gone away for the summer holidays,for we have not seen them for a long time.4.It will not be done by the Government;it cannot be done by Parliament.5.Our friends,who had started before us,promised that they would meet u
17、s,but when we arrived at the bus stop,they were nowhere to be seen.现在学习的是第19页，共27页4.短句和长句(short and long sentences)根据句子长短来分短句：语气强而有力，令人瞩目，适宜陈述重要的事实和想法。长句：含有修饰词，能准确表达复杂的思想，适宜于解释观点，理论或描写有很多细节的事物。但是对于中国学生来讲，因为受到母语影响，学会写长句表达连贯，通顺的意思才是锻炼的重点。现在学习的是第20页，共27页试比较。I like reading novels.They often tell me inte
18、resting and moving stories.Some stories are also instructive.They describe good and evil people.They describe the bright side and the dark side of life.They help me distinguish between right and wrong.In this way they have helped me to understand people and life.As a result,I seem to become wiser.现在
19、学习的是第21页，共27页 I like reading novels because they often tell me interesting and moving stories.Moreover,some stories are also instructive.By describing good and evil people,and the bright side and the dark side of life,they help me distinguish between rightand wrong and understand people and life.Rea
20、ding them has perhaps made me wiser.现在学习的是第22页，共27页简单句，短句成复杂句，长句的小方法：a.根据关系，加合并词。如：John was a charming young man.He was quite intelligent,too.The little boy has defeated many grown-ups at chess.He is only eleven.Not only was John a charming young man,but he was also quite intelligent.The little boy
21、has defeated many grown-ups at chess,although he is only eleven.现在学习的是第23页，共27页b.根据英语的习惯和句子结构，重组句子。I returned to my room.There was a note under my door.It was from Bill.He said he was in the town looking for a job.He hadnt found anything.When I returned to my room,I found a note from Bill under my d
22、oor.He said he was in the town looking for a job,but hadnt found anything yet.现在学习的是第24页，共27页c.用不同的语法结构 When he left he was a beggar.When he returned he was a millionaire.He left a beggar and returned a millionaire.现在学习的是第25页，共27页d.利用从属关系，合并成复合句 Mark Twain was a well-known American writer.His experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped to become a famous writer.Mark Twain，whose experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped him to become a well-known American writer.现在学习的是第26页，共27页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看现在学习的是第27页，共27页