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1、哈尔滨市第六中学2020届下学期期中考试考试高二英语试题第一卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）AThe Adler Planetarium(天文馆) is part of the lake fronts Museum Campus, which along with the Shedd Aquarium(水族馆) and Field Museum, attracts a huge number of visitors every year. The Adler Planetarium is included with the purcha
2、se of a Go Chicago Card.Address: 1300 South Lake Shore DrivePhone: 312-922-STAR(7827)Getting to the Adler Planetarium by Public Transportation:Either the south-bound CTA bus line 146(Marine-Michigan), or Red Line CTA train south to Roosevelt, then take a Museum Campus trolley (电车) or take the CTA bu
3、s 12.Driving from Downtown of Chicago:Lake Shore Drive (US 41) south to 18th Street. Turn left onto Museum Campus Drive and follow it around Soldier Field. Look for signs that will point you to the visitor parking garage. The Adler Planetarium is just northeast of the parking garage.Parking at the A
4、dler Planetarium:There are several lots(停车场) on the Museum Campus, but most tend to fill up quickly and your best bet is in the main parking garage. Parking for all lots is $ 15 per day.Adler Planetarium Hours:Daily: 9：30 a. m. - 4: 30 p. m. The Adler Planetarium is open every day except Thanksgivin
5、g Day and Christmas. Extended Hours: From Memorial Day to Labor Day, the Adler Planetarium is open from 9: 30 a.m.-6: 00 p. m. daily.Adler Planetarium Tickets:General Admission(exhibits only): Adults, $ 7; Seniors (aged 65+), $ 6；Children(ages 4-11), $5.1. What is the correct route to the planetariu
6、m?A. A Museum Campus trolley-the CTA bus 12.B. The Red Line CTA train-a Museum Campus trolley. .C. The CTA bus line 146-the Red Line CTA train.D. The Lake Shore Drive(US 41)-the CTA bus line 1462. When can you enter the planetarium at 5 pm?A. Weekdays.B. Sundays.C. Memorial Day.D. Thanksgiving Day.3
7、. To visit the planetarium, how much should a couple with a 66-year-old man and 12-year-old son pay?A. 18 dollars.B. 20 dollars.C. 25 dollars.D. 27 dollars【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了阿德勒天文馆的营业时间、交通路线、停车情况以及票价等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。由GettingtotheAdlerPlanetariumbyPublicTransportation和DrivingFromDo
8、wntownofChicago部分的介绍可知，B项是去阿德勒天文馆的正确路线，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AdlerPlanetariumHours中的介绍可知，该天文馆平时下午四点半关门，感恩节和圣诞节不开，从阵亡将士纪念日到劳动节延长到下午六点关门，故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段可知，票价是成人7美元，65岁以上的老人6美元，4到11岁的孩子5美元，一对夫妻14美元，加上老人的6美元，12岁的孩子按照成人票价算7美元，共计27美元，故选D。BGwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer
9、 Prize for Poetry. Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime. She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about black culture in America.Her poems described conditions among the poor, racial inequality and drug use in the black community. She also wro
10、te poems about the struggles of black women. But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people. She was an expert at the language of poetry. She combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.In her early poetry, Gwendolyn Brooks wrote a
11、bout the South Side of Chicago. The South Side of Chicago is where many back people live. In her poems, the South Side is called Bronzeville. It was A Street in Bronzeville that gained the attention of literary experts in 1945. Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions of the bl
12、ack experience during the time. The Bronzeville poems were her first published collection.In 1950, Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. She won the prize for her second book of poems called Annie Allen. Annie Allen is a collection of poetry about t
13、he life of a Bronzeville girl as a daughter, a wife and mother. She experiences loneliness, loss, death and being poor. Ms. Brooks said that winning the prize changed her life.Her next work was a novel written in 1953 called Maud Martha, Maud Martha received little notice when it was first published
14、. But now it is considered an important work by some critics. Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.In some of her poems, Gwendolyn Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are. One example is this poem, Corners on th
15、e Curing Sky.By the end of the 1960s, Gwendolyn Brooks poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville. She wrote about a wider world and dealt with important political issues.4. What does the text mainly talk about?A. The life of Gwendolyn Brooks.B. The struggles of black wom
16、en.C. The understanding about black culture.D. The poems of Gwendolyn Brooks.5. What can we learn about Gwendolyn Brooks from the second paragraph?A. She mainly wrote about the struggles of black women.B. She was good at using the language of poetry.C. Her writing skills were a little worse than her
17、 ability.D. Her poems were mainly about the African experience.6. The author develops the passage mainly by .A. providing examplesB. using statisticsC. comparing opinionsD. describing her experiences7. In the next part, the author would most probably talk about .A. the difficulties Gwendolyn Brooks
18、would meetB. the poems related to political issuesC. the awards Gwendolyn Brooks gainedD. the racial inequality the black had to face【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了格温德林布鲁克斯，她是第一位获得普利策文学奖的非洲裔美国人。【4题详解】推理判断题，根据第一段Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime. She
19、 was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about black culture in America.可知本文主要介绍了格温德林布鲁克斯诗歌，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题，根据第二段She was an expert at the language of poetry. 可知她是一个诗歌语言专家，由此可知她善于运用诗歌语言，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题，通读全文可知作者在文中多次举例，因此是通过例子来展开文章的叙述，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题，根据最后一段She wrote about
20、 a wider world and dealt with important political issues.可知本段介绍了她所写的关于政治方面的诗歌，由此推知下文可能继续介绍关于政治的诗歌，故选B。点睛】推理判断型推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：(1)细节推断。如时间、地点、人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推
21、断导致结果产生的可能原因；(3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度；(4)预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。例如：本题中的第4小题：此题属于推理判断型中的（4）预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。根据最后一段，She wrote about a wider world and dealt with important political issues.可知她写了一个更广泛的世界，并处理重要的政治问题，故推知作者在后面几段会写关于她所写的政治诗歌。CIt was the
22、night before my election. I was running for Sophomore Vice President.I had prepared a performance for the election-a funny boxing match. The fight had popular moves as seen in Dodge Ball, Iron Man, and Super Smash Brothers. In the end, I would perform my famous move， the Power-Punch from Hot Rod.My
23、friend Cheyenne and I rehearsed (排练) the fight for hours, but the fight would not be a fight without music and sound effects. This is where my brother came in. He stayed up all night to work on that soundtrack. And when my computers disk burner (刻录机) went out at 6 in the morning, he spent a college
24、students weeks worth of incomes to replace it.Why would he go into all that trouble? Because he knew that out of all the other important things he could be doing, this was imperative to me. He knew because it was once important to him. Having graduated from Layton High just a year earlier, he knew w
25、hat it was like to be in the center of peoples attention. He knew how fun high school could be, and he wanted me to have a great experience.I ended up losing the election, but that day changed my world forever. The lesson my brother taught me became my most important belief. But it wasnt until I had
26、 a similar opportunity that I really understood why he cared so much.What did it take for me to understand? It was the performance. The rest of the cast and I would rehearse every day after school for 6 months all for what? The chance to perform a play eight times. As I came out on that stage for th
27、e first time and listened to the laughter, I was filled with joy. By the end of the play, the audience broke into tears, and so did we. What happened? We had the sweet opportunity of giving them an unforgettable theatre moment - a moment to laugh, reflect, and shed tears.8. Why did the author prepar
28、e a performance?A. To prove he had a gift for performing.B. To introduce moves from some movies.C. To celebrate his success after the electionD. To increase his chance of winning the election.9. How did the authors brother respond when the computers disk burner went out?A. He decided to give up in t
29、he end.B. He bought one with his own money.C. He found another way to make music.D. He borrowed one from a college student.10. What does the underlined word imperative” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. ImportantB. PleasantC. DifficultD. Useful11. What did the author most probably learn from his brother?A. We
30、should try our best to do everything well.B. We should spread the kindness we have received.C. Family members should always support each other.D. Happiness comes from what we do to brighten others life.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了作者参加学校的选举，自己的哥哥帮助了自己。尽管自己这次失败了，但他从他哥哥那里学到了幸福来自于
31、我们所做的事情，能够照亮他人的生活。【8题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段I had prepared a performance for the election-a funny boxing match.（我为选举准备了一场表演一场有趣的拳击比赛。）由此推断出作者准备一场演出是为了增加他赢得选举的机会，故选D。9题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段And when my computers disk burner (刻录机) went out at 6 in the morning, he spent a college students weeks worth of incomes t
32、o replace it.（当我的电脑的磁盘刻录机在早上6点熄火时，他花了一个大学生一周的收入来更换它。）故选B。【10题详解】词义猜测题。下文He knew because it was once important to him.说他知道，因为它曾经对他很重要。由此可知上文Because he knew that out of all the other important things he could be doing, this was imperative to me.意思是因为他知道，在他能做的所有其他重要事情中，这对我来是重要的。imperative”得意思是重要的，故选A。【
33、11题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第四段He knew how fun high school could be, and he wanted me to have a great experience.（他知道高中是多么有趣，他想让我有一个很好的经历。）由此推断出作者从他哥哥那里学到了幸福来自于我们所做的事情，能够照亮他人的生活。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，
34、或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题2，答案定位在第三段And when my computers disk burner (刻录机) went out at 6 in the morning, he spent a college students weeks worth of incomes to replace it.（当我的电脑的磁盘刻录机在早上6点熄火时，他花了一个大学生一周的收入来更换它。）故选B。DYou can r
35、elax if remembering everything isnt your strong suit. Recent research makes the case that being forgetful can be a strengthin fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through
36、 years of recent memory data, researchers found that the neurobiology of forgetting can be just as important to our decision-making as what our minds choose to remember.Making intelligent decisions doesnt mean you need to have all the information at hand. It just means you need to hold onto the most
37、 valuable information. And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most up-to-date information on clients and situations. Our brains do this by creating new neurons(神经元）in our hippocampus, which have the power to overwrite(重写)existing memories that are influencing our decision-mak
38、ing.If you want to increase the number of new neurons in our brain s learning region，try exercising. Some aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking and swimming has been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.When we forget the names of certain clients
39、or details about old jobs，the brain is making a choice that these details dont matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause for concern，the occasional lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healthy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facilitate decision-making by stoppin
40、g us from focusing too much on unimportant past details. Instead，the brain helps us remember the most important part of a conversation.We can get blamed for being absent-minded when we forget past events in perfect detail. These findings show us that total recall(记忆）can be overvalued. Our brains are
41、 working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.12. How can we help our brains produce more neurons? A. By having deep sleep frequently.B. By practicing swimming regularly.C. By doing mental labor repeatedly.D. By learning new skills constantly.13. Which of the followin
42、g can best replace “facilitate” underlined in paragraph 5?A. postponeB. repeatC. promoteD. abuse14. What conclusion can be drawn from the text?A. Memory loss is well worth noticing.B. Decisions cant be made without memories.C. We shouldnt stress total recall too much.D. Forgetting is even more impor
43、tant than remembering.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Caution：do remember to forgetB. Why and how people choose to forgetC. Want to become smarter? Learn to forgetD. Being forgetful might mean you are smarter【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了大脑通过权衡比较后，有选择的遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的
44、信息，选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。【12题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Some aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking and swimming has been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.（一些有氧运动，如慢跑、高强度步行和游泳，已经被发现可以增加大脑中重要连接神经元的数量。）故选B。【13题详解】词义猜测题。下文Instead，the brain helps us remember the m
45、ost important part of a conversation.意思是相反,大脑帮助我们记住最重要的部分对话。由此可知，上文The researchers found that our brains facilitate decision-making by stopping us from focusing too much on unimportant past details.意思是研究人员发现，我们的大脑阻止我们过多地关注过去不重要的细节，从而促进我们做出决策。“facilitate”意思是促进，A. postpone延迟；B. repeat重复；C. promote促进；D
46、. abuse滥用，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段These findings show us that total recall(记忆）can be overvalued. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.（这些发现告诉我们，完全回忆可能被高估了。当我们的大脑想要记住正确的事情，而不是每一件事情时，它们就会更聪明地工作。）由此推断出我们不应该过分强调完全回忆，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。最后一段Our brains
47、 are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.（当我们的大脑想要记住正确的事情，而不是每一件事情时，它们就会更聪明地工作。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了健忘可能意味着你更聪明，故选D。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的
48、词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题3，答案定位在最后一段These findings show us that total recall(记忆）can be overvalued. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.（这些发现告诉我们，完全回忆可能被高估了。当我们的大脑想要记住正确的事情，而不是每一件事情时，它们就会更聪明地工作。）由此推断出我们不应该过分强调完全回忆，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to escape from a car in water“If you get on your phone and call your parents