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1、Unit 1 Great scientists单元过关检测背诵31. 物理/身体特征physical characteristics2. 得出结论draw a conclusion3. 提出建议put forward a piece of advice4. 被感染上重感冒be infected with a bad cold5. 染上传染病develop an infectious disease6. 有力的证据supporting evidence7. 决心做be determined to do8. 一位私人医生a personal physician9. 面临/接受挑战face/take
2、 up a challenge 10. 有价值的线索a valuable clue11. 治好某人的重病cure sb. of a severe disease12. 对癌症的治疗 a cure for cancer13. 调查水源look into the source of water14. 拆除把手remove the handle15. 怀疑某人偷窃suspect sb. of theft16. 与有密切联系be closely linked to17. 肯定地with certainty/for certain/certainly18. 受污染的水the polluted water
3、19. 邻近的贫民区poor neighborhoods20. 某人生活的时代of ones day21. 指示某人做instruct sb. to do22. 除之外apart from23. 讲得通;有意义make sense24. 理解这个指示make sense of the instruction25. 对热情be enthusiastic about26. 对小心;谨防be cautious about27. 拒绝提议reject a suggestion28. 对负责be responsible for29. 具有合作精神的同事co-operative colleagues30.
4、 在建设/调查中under construction/investigation31. 对乐观be positive about32. 对有着积极的影响have a positive effect on33. 处理attend to/deal with/cope with/handle34. 私下地交流communicate privately35. 成为的牺牲品fall victim to36. 分析结果 analyse the results37. 做进一步的调查make further investigations38. 关于意见一致agree on sth.39. 在之后不久short
5、ly after40. 用B代替A replace A with B1. expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光expose sth./sb./oneself to 使显露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于 He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to our skin. 在阳光下暴露过
6、长时间对我们的皮肤有害。2. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心absorb oneself in = be absorbed inbe lost in Absorbed in her work, she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door. 专心于工作中，她完全没有听到任何人敲门。3. blame vt.责备谴责n.过失；责备be to blame for sth. 应该受责备blame sb. for sth./blame sth. on sb. 因某事而责备某人take the blame for sth.对某事承担责任It is hum
7、an beings that are to blame for the air pollution. 就是人类应为空气污染负责任。People blamed the careless driver for the traffic accident./ People blamed the traffic accident on the careless driver.人们把这次交通事故归罪于这位粗心的司机。4. contribute vt. vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助 contribution n. contributeto为捐献；为投稿contribute to 有助于；促进；导致make co
8、ntributions to sth. 对做出贡献 Many warm-hearted people contributed some money to the sick girl. 许多热心肠的人为那个生病的女孩捐了一些钱。 She contributed a number of articles to the magazine. 她给这家杂志撰写了一些稿件。 Fresh air and exercise contribute to good health. 新鲜空气和锻炼有益于健康。 My elder brother made great contributions to the cons
9、truction of our hometown. 我的哥哥为我们家乡的建设做出了巨大的贡献。5. 名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句every/each/next time 每当的时候/下次the minute/moment/instant 一就the first/second time 第一次做的时候 So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak of cholera.所以每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。 He came out of the classroom the mo
10、ment the class was over. 一下课他就离开了教室。 The first time he set foot in the city, he determined to settle there. 他第一次来到这个城市，他就决心在此安家。6. have sth. done：请人做某事（别人做）遭遇某种不幸的事情 I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理了发（请别人理发）。 I had my watch stolen last night. 昨晚我的表被盗了。7. only+副词/介词短语/状语从句（if条件状语从句，when时间状语从句等）置于句首，
11、主句用倒装Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那时我才意识到我的错误。Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法你才能解决这个问题。I disagree that only when people have enough to eat and plenty to wear does/will it make sense to talk about environmental protection.我不同意只有当人们有足够的吃穿时，谈论环保才有意义。 8. 就近一致并列连词neithernor 既不也不eitheror 或者或者not onlybut also不仅而且notbut不是而是 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。 Not only the nurses but also the doctor is very kind to patients. 不仅护士而且医生都对病人们很友善。