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1、2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解Part I . Writing 结构框图：。；第1段引出话题并提出观点：今年很多学生都经历了教育方式的革命性变化；！这将对中国教育产生深远影响。The Changes扭曲eWay of Education !j第2段具体阐述变化带来的影响：互联网巨头们的快速反应保证了全国范围ie；内在钱授课的质量，师生可以实现实时互动；提高了教学质量；大规模在线j！开放课程将我们引人克满知识的新世界。L-e：第3段，单结全文并深化主题：教育方式的改变将对教育产生深刻影响。: 范文点评：参考范文The Chan伊s in the Way of Educati
2、on 1 This y幽r, aim创倒.ch and evestudent in China haswitn帽dthe revolutiona可 chang臼in the way of education, from offline to online. ( 2 J In my per可ective, these changes have far-reaching influence on our education. (3) Firstly, thanks to the advan臼d technolo町，the fast reactionof Internet giants guaran
3、tees the constantly improving quality of online courses on a national scale. As a result，始achers and students can have real-time interaction in their own home, (4 which could 精影点评1引出话题E今年几乎每个学生都见证了教育从线下到线上的革命性变化。(2】用In my ey臼表明观点：这种变化对教育有深远影响。【3 (5 (6】分别使用Firstly、Secondly和Finally引出三个分论点，论证文章主旨not ha
4、ve happ创d before. (5) Secondly, inspired by the changes of I (4准确使用非限制性定语从句和虚拟mod筒。f education, many teachers began to integrate their I 语气，彰显语言功底，是表达亮点。teaching with MO优s,contributing to an enhancement of teaching quality. (6 Finally, the increasing popularity of MOOCs leads us to a new world of kn
5、owledge full of educational r臼ourc臼online today so that eve可one could have free access to invaluable knowledge. (7 To conclude, the changes in the way of education will I (7用To concl时e总结全文z教育方式的continue to exert a profound impact on education. I 变4也将继续对教育产生其深刻影响。话题词汇zlecture讲座feedback反馈collaborative
6、 earning合作学习evaluation评估straight-A student全优生educational叫uality教育公平四级2020年12月9 COVID-19新冠肺炎teacher-student relationship师生关系facilitate促进fair access to education教育公平critical thinking批判性思维thought-provoking发人深省的，引起思考的Part ll Listening Comprehension Section AQu笛tiom 1 and 2 are b幽ed on the news E鸣”rt you
7、 have just h倒乱(l)A poison。因fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warnscientists. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has raised con臼m after the poison。心s fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus, and the eastern Mediterranean.
8、Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisono崎hooks and a p创nful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing. The f胁，。ftenknow 1 as Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive species, (2)
9、and environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life. After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says，“The fish is spreading, a11d thats a cause for concern.” 答案详解1. What is reported in the news?I 展开D) 精街E主旨大意题新闻开头先主自句，指出一l2. What is the environmentalist
10、 concerned about the种带刺的有毒鱼类正在入侵地中部水域，其毒性足spr，臼d of D创I Firefish in the Mediterranean? 以致人死亡接下来新闻提到这种鱼类的原产地，lB) 精析】细节辨认题新闻末尾提到，海洋专家称并指出这种鱼正在地中海水域扩散，令人担忧由魔鬼火鱼正在地中海水域扩散，环保主义者担心这此可知，新闻围绕在地中海水城发现酣！致命鱼类而种鱼的到来可能危及其他的 海洋生物。1酬。因3 and 4 are based on the n酬冒阴阳rt you have just h倒也(3-l)Almost half the臼nter of F
11、aris will be accessible only bv foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day. (4)This is in r臼p:mse to rising air pollution that made Paris the m响t polluted city in the world for a brief time. Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car-Free Day last year. Hidalgo also has supported a
12、“Paris Breathes”day. On th唱first SL1nday of eve可month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. (3-2) About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. Last ye在rS car-fret day showed a 40 percent drop in pollution lev
13、els in some parts of the city, according to an independent air pollution monitor, reports The Guardian-and sound levels dropped by 50 percent in the citys center. 答案详解3. What will happen on World Car-Free Day in I止汽车通行Paris? I 4. What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote C)E精析】细节辨认题新闻开头提到，为纪念世界th
14、e first World Car-Free Day in her city? 无车日，本周日巴黎市中心 大约一半的道路仅允许ID) 精析】细节辨认题。新闻提到，为了应对日益严重步行或骑自行车通行大约400英里的街道将禁的空气污染，巴黎市长去年推广了首个世界无军队Questions S to 7 are based佣the news report you have just hear吐(5)A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his lu也k when a ho咱就fire forced h油1 to clear out hispossessi
15、ons and change locations. Then a good luck charm that he had kept under his bed changed his life. The 四级200年12月10 unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off the co臼td island in the Philippines ten years ago. (6)When he was for
16、ced to sell it, (7)the shocked tourist a四nt at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound ant pearl that hed kept hidden in his run-down wooden house wru: th biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at 76 million pounds. The pearl of Allah which is currently on display in a New York muse山n only
17、 weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherma 1 just handed in.1e monstr。因严arl m四sured at one foot wide and 2. 2 feet long is going to be verified l:y local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little t:
18、wn. ：答案详解J5. What happened to the Philippine fisherman 。IleI菲律宾海岛沿岸捕鱼时打捞上来一颗大珍珠，后来day? I被迫卖掉A) （精析】细节推断题新闻开头提到，一位菲律宾I7. What did the fisherman learn from the tourist渔民感到不幸，因为房屋大火迫使他清理财产并嘱agent? 家。由此推断，他的房子被大火烧毁了I B）【精析】细节辨认题！新阳提到，当渔民被迫卖掉6. What was the fisherman forced to do?I 珍珠的时候，旅腾代理商非常震惊，告诉渔民他藏
19、C) E精析】细节辨认题新闻中提到，十年前渔民：笠在家里的珍珠是世界上最大的珍款，它非常值钱Section B Questi佣s8tollareba则on the conversation you have Just h四rd.WI Mr. Smith, its a ple笛旧e meeting you. M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you? W: Well, Im here to show you what our firm can do for you. (8)Astra Consllltants has branches in
20、over 50 countries, offering different business services. We are a global compan with 75 vears of history, and our clients include some of the worlds largest companies. M: Thank you, Mrs. Ho山ton. I know Astra Cons11ltants is a f缸nous comp们ny. But you s1id you would show me what you could do for me. W
21、ell, what exactly can your firm do for my compa叮？W: We advise businesses on all matters, from market analysis to legal issu悦，anything a business like yours c。uld need. Our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell m啤a little about your comp侃y and the challenges you face? That wa
22、y I could bette门臼ponds to how we cm help you. M: Okay, sure. (9）白山is a family business star1ed by mv grandfather in 1950. We emplov just over 100 people. We manufacture and export stone for l旧ildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a S严cial kind of stone cut in a special design. An
23、d thats what we do in ou:r factory. lO)Our main challenge is that our nationai currency is rising, and w的e losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India. W: I see.hats very interesting. (ll)I would sugiiest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with
24、an analysis of your competit。rs in India. That way we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you. 答案详解， “. . : : 巳 . . . . 8. What do we learn about the womans company? I 公司是一个家族企业，1950年由他的祖父创建，其A) （精析E细节辨认题对话开头，女士向男士介绍员工有100多人，主要制造和出口建筑类石料说自己所在的公司在 50多个国家设有分公司，提I10. What is the m
25、ain problem with the m血scom归ny?供不同的商业服务，是一家拥有75年历史的跨国IB) （精析E细节辨认题。对话中，男士提及自己公司公司，客户包括一些世界级大公司 主要面对的挑战是由于本国货币升值，公司和印9. What does the man say about his own c。mpany?I度的石料制造商相比失去了竞争优势D) （精削细节辨认题对话中，男士介绍说自己的I11. What d附the woman跑跑est doing to help the四级2020年12月11 mans company? D) （精析】细节辨认题对话末尾以suggest一词
26、引出女士对男士公司提出的建议，即首先对男士的公司和其在印度的竞争对手进行财务分析。Qu臼tlon.s 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just h倒时W: Wow, congratulations, Simon! 02-l)The place l时ks absolutely amazing! M: Really? You think so? W: Of c。urse. (12-2)1 love it. It looks like vou had a professional interior designer. But you d
27、idnt, did you? M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother Greg.日窍s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful. W: (1日）I honestly臼1 impre岱eel. I know I could pobably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or somethi11g, but not a full renovation. Where
28、 did you ge.t your ideas? I wouldnt know where to start. M: (13)Well, for a while now, Ive been regularly buying home desi回magazines. Every now and then, Id save a picture I liked. Believe it or not, I ha:1 a full notebook UDt for childrenputting things in their饵”。r noses?D) （辅析E细节辨认题短文提到，根据研究，儿童往鼻子
29、和耳朵里塞入异物通常是由于好奇，他们有探索自己鼻子和耳朵的冲动Qu剧创IS19 to 21 are based帽the阴sage you have阳t b随时Good morning. (21)T d町，I would like to talk to vou about mv charitv ReBicycle. But before that, let me introduce someone.四is is Leila Rahimi. She w臼so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave
30、 the ho崎and would spend days 附ricing up the coura醉 to walk to th虑回1permarket for basic suppli臼.After a few .months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. At this time, (19)ReBicycle配t involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depr邵阳hadbegun
31、 to ease as she cycled.币1e bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true f出ling of fr.回dom.To date, (20)Rc:Bicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is nowexoandint! bike-riding lessons as demand soars. With a bike, newcomers here can travel farther but for almost
32、no cost.he three hours a day, they used to spend walking to and fro囚 English language l“白邸，has been reduced to just one ho町.Our bike-riding lc:ssons are回succ咽sful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers. Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take
33、 days and weeks, rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join山at ReBicycle and make a difference in someones life. 答案详解. 一， 19. What did ReBicycle do to help Leila Rahimi?A）【精析】细节辨认题短文首先介绍蘸善团体ReBicycle，通过讲述Leila Rahimi搬家后面临的固境引出自行车俱乐部，当她受邀加入当地自行车俱乐部后，R
34、eBicycle介入并送给她一辆二孚自行车，LeilaRahimi由此获得帮助，生活得到改变20. What is ReBicycle doing to help those in need?A) （糟析E细节辨认题。短文中提到，ReBicycle已经为需要帮助的人捐赠了200多辆自行车，目前随着需求激增正在拓展自行车骑行课程21. What do隅learn from the归割geabout ReBi.cycle?D) （精析】细节辨认题短文开头提到ReBicycle是慈善组织伽酬。因22 to 25 are based幅the阴踊ge you havej四theard. hanks to
35、 the International Space Station, we know quite a bit abo也t the effects of low gravity on the human body, (22)but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, thev have忧en studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on四ce.he results are both interesting and humorous.
36、The scientists first sent some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station.be cage allowed 四级2020年12月13 them to study the beha飞ior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. (23)As youll notice in the video, the mice defi 1itelv seem,uncomfortable at the beginning of the e:x
37、periment, Thev move around clumsily, drifting within th巳small confinOf t配e cage, and do their best to figureout which -way is up, but without succ臼s.However, its not long before lhe mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even use the lack of gravity to their
38、advantage.as they push themselves around the cage. Thats when things really get呐ld. (U)The eleventh day of the experiment shows the mice are not iust dealing with the gravity change but actually se唱出n to be enjoying it. Several of the mice are obse凹ed running around the cage walls. (25)The scientist
39、s wantcid to see whether the mice would continue doing the s创ne挝nds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. TI1e study showed that the mice kept much of their routin臼intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hune:rv. ：品，飞刃”1；，答案详解 r- L . -. .： 。22 . What do NASA scientists want
40、to learn about? A) 精析】细节辨认题短文开头提到，人们通过国际空间站了解到低重力对人体的影响，但是美国航空航天局科学家想进一步研究其他物种是如何应对低重力环境的23. What does the passage say about the mice at th巳.beginning of the e碍erimentJC) 精析E细节推断题短文提到，在实验初期老鼠显然是不自在的，它们笨拙地在笼子的小范围内漂移，竭尽全力也没法弄清楚方向由此可以看出老鼠在实验初期不习惯低重力环境24. t was ob民rvc;d about the mi臼on the eleve目tbday o
41、f the .experiment?B) 精析E细节推断题短文提到，实验第11天，老鼠不仅能应对重力的变化，而且看起来享受着这一变化，科学家观察到一些老鼠在笼壁上跑步由此可知，老鼠在实验的 第11天已经适应了失重环境并感到自在25. What di9 the scientts find about the mice fromthe experiment?。C) 精析】细节推断题短文最后提到，研究人员想看看这些老鼠是否会继续做它们在地球上的那些活动研究表明在太空中这些老鼠大部分的日常活动未受影响，包括自我清洁和饥饿时进食。由此可知，官们的举止行为和在地球上一样。Part I Reading Co
42、mprehension Section A E文章来西E本文选自2020年7月10 日发表在www. life阳ck. org网站上的一篇标题为“The Importance of Trust”信任的重要性的文章E结构框图E本文主要讲述了信任在工你场所的重要性。E词性分析】了；第1段开篇点题，指出信任的重要性。: -oi第2-4段指出信任在工作场所的重要性：如果我们信任他人，将大大减少我i！们的工作盘及工作压力。名词：F) load负载物；工作量； H) pressure压力EJ) records记录，档案zL).stacks一摞，一堆；M) suspicion 怀疑，嫌疑动词：D) expl
43、oring探讨，探究； E) gather集合；搜集zF) load 把大量. ）装上z承载s H) pressure对“施加压力，强迫r J), records 记录z录制；K) removed移走，去掉s L) stacks使整齐地堆起，叠起FN) tracked跟踪z追踪； 0) watching留心，注意，四级2020年12月 14 形容词：B) credible 可信的，可靠的F C) essential极其重要的，必不可少的g G) miserable令人不快的；痛苦的副词：A) constantly持续不断地，经常地F I) properly正确地，适当地；充分地答案详解26.
44、考点】语义推断题。C) 语法判断】空格所在句是一个主系表结构，空格处可以填人名词或形容词作表语。E语义判断】第一段提到信任是生活的基础，没有信任就无法建立关系。本句中的too说明本句承接第一段，因此本空应填人含有“重要的”意义的词，故本题答案为C)essential 。27. 考点】名词辨析题。31. 考点】名词辨析题。J） 【语法判断】本空位于词组volumes of之后，因此应填人名词。E语义判断】本句意为：公司保留大量是因为他们不信任他们的供应商、承包商或客户。由常识可知，公司不信任供应商、承包商或客户等人，通常会把相关的交易记录等保存下来。因此，本空应填人含有“记录”意义的名词，故本题
45、答案M）【语法判断】本空位于and之后，与fear共同作beI为J) recor也。 volumes of后面应该跟名词的复full of 的宾语，因此应填人名词。 数形式，而另外一个名词复数形式L) stacks“ E语义判断】本句意为：一个没有信任的组织将充摞，一堆”不符合句意，因此排除。满恐俱和。由句意可知，本空应填人与I32. c考点】语义推断题。fear意义并列或相近、与“信任”意义相反的名词，IK）【语法判断】本空位于could be之后，可能填人动故本题答案为M) suspicion 。 词的过去分词构成被动语态，也可能填人形容词28. 考点】形容词辨析题。 作表语。G）【语法判
46、断】本空位于定冠词a之后，名词time之 【语义判断】本段着重描述了缺乏信任给组织机构前，因此应填人形容词修饰timeoI 带来的额外任务。本句中的such valueless work E语义判断】本句意为z如果你的老板不信任员工指的就是额外工作，结合常识可知，只有额外工作能把事情做好，那么你将过得。由下一减少了，才会为组织节省钱。因此，本空应填人含句可知，不信任员工的老板会一直监督你，纠正有“减少”意义的动词过去分词或形容词，故本题“错误”。根据常识可以判断，这样肯定过得不轻答案为Uremoved 。松，因此本空应填人含有“不舒服，难受”意义的形I33. c考点】动词辨析题。容词。备选形容
47、词中只有G) miserable 符合句IF）【语法判断1本空所在部分是一个定语从句，该定意，故本题答案为G）。 语从句的主语是we ，缺少谓语动词，因此本空应29. 考点】副词辨析题。 填人动词A）【语法判断】本句句子结构完整，因此应填人副词。IE语义判断】由句意可知，因为我们不信任别人，才E语义判断】本句主要描述不信任员工的老板的表会需要做一些额外的工作。也就是说，这些额外现z他们会一直监督你，纠正“错误”，并 的工作是自己加给自己的。结合备选词，可知提醒你做这个或那个。由语境可判断，本空所填load 有“（把大量.）装上”的意思，符合句意，故副词应与前面的all the time意义相近
48、，故本题答本题答案为F) loado 案为A) constantly o . I 34. 考点】副词辨析题。30. 考点】固定搭配题。I n E语法判断】本空位于believe后的宾语从句中，该0）【语法判断】本空位于spend more白眼之后，符合从句结构完整，因此应填人副词修饰动词do 。spend也ne doing sth.结构，因此应填入v.-ing形式。 E语义判断】结合文章主题“信任”可知，此处是说E语义判断】根据句意并结合常识可知，如果同事我们自己动手做事是因为不相信别人。也就是之间缺少信任，那么他们就要防范别人在背后暗说，不相信别人能做好，因此本空应填人含有“准算，而watc
49、h ones back 是个固定搭配，意为“小心确，好”意义的副词，故本题答案为D properly。背后因可能有人暗算”，符合句意，故本题答案Ias. c考点】名词辨析题。为0) watching。而另一个备选的v.-ing形式IH）【语法判断】空格所在句是一个疑问句，空格处所exploring与their backs 搭配讲不通，因此排除。 填词和our work一起作主语，应填人名词。四级2020年12月15 E语义判断】本句意为z我们有多少工作一一一会消失？由上一句可知，如果我们减少这些因缺乏信任产生的额外工作，我们会多出很多空余时间 由常识可知，这样我们可以集中精力做真正有价值的工作
50、，从而减少工作压力，故本题答案为H) pressure.本空填的load 也符合句意，但是第33题只能填load ，其他动词均不符合因此，本题只能填H)pressure.参考译文信任是生活的基础如果你不能相信任何东西，生活就会变得无法忍受。没有信任就无法建立关系，更不用说好的关系了。在工作场所，信任也是必不可少的。一个没有信任的组织将充满恐惧和怀疑如果你的老板不信任员工能把事情做好，那么你将过得很痛苦他们会一直监督你，纠正“错误”，并不断提醒你做这个或那个。互不信任的同事们需要花更多的时间小心提防他人，而不是做任何有用的工作。，组织总是在试图削减成本。想想那些由于缺乏信任而导致的额外任务吧审计