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1、2019年12月四级考试真题及答案第二套Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you cue allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreignfriend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part IIListening Comprehension(25 minutes
2、)Section ADirections: In this section, yon、iin hear three tier's reports. At the end of each newsreport, you uv/ hear hvo or three questions. Both the news report andthen questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answerfloni thefour c/ioices marked A)
3、, B), C) andD) .Then mai'k the coi respondif ig letter on Answer Sheet J with a singleZine through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.B) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.C) There is
4、discrimination against male nurses.D) The number of male nurses has gone down.2. A) Cultural bias.B) Inadequate pay.C) Educational system.D) Working conditions.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He fell out of a lifeboat.B) He lost his way on a beach.C) He was a
5、lmost drowned.D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.4. A) The beach is a populai' tourist resort.B) The emergency services ai*e efficient.C) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.D) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
6、5. A) It became an online star.B) It broke into an office room.C) It escaped from a local zoo.D) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.6. A) Send it back to the zoo.B) Release it into the wild.C) Return it to its owner.D) Give it a physical checkup.7. A) A raccoon can perfonn acts no human can.B) A raccoo
7、n can climb much higher than a cat.C) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.D) The raccoon did something no politician could.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear ho long cotiversations. At the end of eachconversation, yon will heai foui' questions. Both the conversation
8、 and thequestions uv/ be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answerfiom the four choices niarkedA), B), C) and D).Then mark the conesponding letter on Ansver Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just he
9、ard.8. A) She got a well-paying job in a bank.B) She received a bonus unexpectedly.C She received her first monthly salary.D) She got a pay raise for her performance.9. A) Several years ago.B) Two decades ago.C) Right after graduation.D) Just last month.10. A) He sent a small check to his parents.B)
10、 He took a few of his friends to a gym.C) He immediately deposited it in a bank.D) He treated his parents to a nice meal.11. A) Buy some professional clothes.B) Budget her salary carefully.C) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.D) Visit her former university campus.Questions 12 to 15 are based on t
11、he conversation you have just heard.12. A) He has a difficult decision to make.B) He has been overworked recently.C) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.D) He has just too many things to attend to.13. A) Give priority to things more ui'gent.B) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.C) Think
12、 twice before making the decision.D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.14. A) His parents and advisor have diflerent opinions.B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.D) His girlfriend does not suppon his decision.15. A) They need time to
13、 make prepaiations.B) They need to save enough money for it.C) They havent stalled their careers yet.D) They havent won theii* parents approval.Section CDirections: In this section, you uy/ hear tluee passages. At the end ofeach passage,you、i'il"iear three or four questions. Both the passag
14、e and the questionsuv/ be spoken only once. After you hear a question, yon must c/ioose thebest answer Ji.oni t/ie four choices marked A), B), C) and D). T/ien markthe conesponding letter on Answer Sheet 7 with a single Hue thio ugh thecentie.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just
15、 heard.16. A) Acquiring information and professional knowledge.B) Using information to understand and solve problems.C) Enriching social and intellectual lives.D) Expressing ideas and opinions fi.eely.17. A) Improving mind-reading strategies.B) Reading classic scientific literature.C) Playing games
16、that challenge one's mind.D) Traveling to different places in the world.18. A) Give others freedom to express themselves.B) Expose themselves to different cultures.C) Discard personal biases and prejudices.D) Participate in debates or discussions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you h
17、ave just heard.19. A) The natui*e of relationships between dogs.B) The reason a great many people love dogs.C) Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans.D) How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.20. A) They have an unusual sense of responsibility.B) They can respond to humans' questions.C)
18、 They can fall in love just like humans.D) They behave like other animals in many ways.21. A) They have theii* own joys and sorrows.B) They experience true romantic love.C) They help humans in various ways.D) They stay with one partner for life.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have ju
19、st heard.22. A) A cow bone.B) A rare animal.C) A historical site.D) A precious stone.23. A) Measuring it.B) Preserving it.C) Dating it.D) Identifying it.24. A) The site should have been protected.B) The boys family had acted correctly.C) The boy should have called an expert.D) The channel needs to i
20、nterview the boy.25. A) Search for similar fossils elsewhere.B) Ask the university to reward Jude.C) Conduct a more detailed search.D) Seek additional funds for the search.Part mReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, thei e is a passage with ten blanks. You are requir
21、ed toselect one word for each blcmkft'om a list qfchoices gh .e)i in a word bankfb/ou'ing the passage. Read the passage through carefii/Iy before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasemark the coirespondiHg fetter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with as
22、ingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebatik moi e than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Finally, some good news about aiiplane travel. If you aie on a plane with a sickpassenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study tha
23、t looked athow respiratory viruses 27 on aiiplanes. Researchers found that only people whowere seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu. for exampleor one row infi'ont of or behind that individual一had a high risk of catching the illness. All otherpassengers had only a very 28 chance of
24、 getting sick, according to the findings.Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk ofgetting infected on an aiiplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should helpairplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections whiletraveling by air.Pri
25、or to the new study, litter was known about the risks of getting 31 infectedby common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, theresearchers said. So. to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10different 33 in the U.S. during the flu season. The researchers f
26、ound thatpassengers sitting within two seats on 34 side of a person infected with flu, as wellas those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 personchance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. Theyhad a less than 3 percent chance of catchi
27、ng the flu.A) accurateB) conclusionC) directlyD) eitherE) evaluateF) explorationsG) flightsH) largelyI) nearbyJ) respondK) slimL) spreadM) swnmitN) vividlyO) venerableSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to each statement contains iiifonna
28、tion given in one of theparagraphs. Idetitifi theparagiaphJi'oni uiiich the itifonnation is deri、，ed.You may cfioose a paragi aph more than once. Each paragi aph is ntal kedu'ith a letter. Answer the questions by Dialling the coirespondnig letteron Answer Sheet 2.Is Breakfast Really the Most
29、 Important Meal of the Day?A Along with old classics like “carrots give you night vision"* and “Santadoesn't bring toys to misbehaving children”，one of the most well-worn phrases oftired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Manyof us grow up believing
30、that skipping breakfast is a serious mistakeven if only twothirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly, according to the British DieteticAssociation, and around three-quarters of Americans.B “The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repaii* through thenight,” explains diet speciali
31、st Sarah Elder. “Eating a balanced breakfast helps to upour energy, as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughout the night.But theres widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spotin the hierarchy of meals. There have been concerns around the sugar content ofce
32、real and the food industry's involvement in pro-breakfast research一and even oneclaim from an academic that breakfast is “dangerous”.C Whats the reality? Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketingtactic by cereal companies? The most researched aspect of breakfast (andbreakfast-skipp
33、ing) has been its links to obesity. Scientists have different theories asto why there?s a relationship between the two. In one US study that analyzed thehealth data of 50,000 people over seven years, researchers found that those who madebreakfast the lai'gest meal of the day were more likely to
34、have a lower body massindex (BMI) than those who ate a large lunch or dinner. The researchers argued thatbreakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our dietsincebreakfast foods are often higher in fiber and nutrients.D But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if
35、 that was the cause一or ifbreakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with. To find out,researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weightloss program. All had the same number of calories over the day, but half had breakfast,while the other half
36、did not. What they found was that it wasnt breakfast itself thatcaused the panicipants to lose weight: it was changing their normal routine.E If breakfast alone isnt a guarantee of weight loss, why is there a linkbetween obesity and skipping breakfast? Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetiteresea
37、rch at the University of Aberdeen, ai'gues that it may simply be becausebreakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition andhealth. “There aie a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating andpossible health outcomes, but this may be because those who e
38、at breakfast choose tohabitually have health-enhancing behaviors such as not smoking and regularexercise,” she says.F A 2016 review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfastand weight management concluded there is “limited evidence” supporting or refutingthe argument that breakfa
39、st influences weight or food intake, and more evidence isrequired before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.G Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen arehalfvay thiough research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eatinfluences b
40、ody weight. Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial toweight control. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. Skippingbreakfast has been associated with a 27% increased risk of heart disease, a 21%higher risk of type 2 diabetes men, and a 20% higher risk of typ
41、e 2 diabetes in women.One reason may be breakfasts nutritional valuepartly because cereal is fonifiedwith vitamins. In one study on the breakfast habits of 1,600 young people in the UK,researchers found that the fiber and micronutrient intake was better in those who hadbreakfast regulaily. There hav
42、e been similar findings in Australia, Brazil, Canada andthe US.H Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, includingconcentration and language use. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast canimprove memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive.How
43、ever, one of the reviews researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel, says there is"reasonable" evidence breakfast does improve concentrationthere just needs to bemore research. “Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studiesshowing a benefit was exactly the same as the number t
44、hat found no benefit,” she says.“And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for concentration?*I Whats most important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast.High-protein breakfasts have been found particulaily effective in reducing food andconsumption later in the day, according to resear
45、ch by the Australian CommonwealthScientific and Industrial Research Organization. While cereal remains a firm favoriteamong breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent investigation into the sugarcontent of “adult” breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than thieequarters of the r
46、ecommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugarwas the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.J But some research suggests if we're going to eat sugary foods, its best to doit eaiiy. One recruited 200 obese adults to take pan in a 16-week-long diet, where halfadded desse
47、rt to their breakfast, and half didnt. Those who added dessert lost anaverage of 40 pounds more一however, the study was unable to show the long-tenneffects. A review of 54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type ofbreakfast is healthier, and concluded that the type of breakfast does
48、nt matter as muchas simply eating something.K While theres no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eatingand when, the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat whenwere hungry. '"Breakfast is most important for people who are hungry when theywake up，” Johnstone says. Every body stalls the day differentlyand those individualdifferences need t