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1、毕业设计/论文开 题 报 告课 题 名 称 ：浅析我国出境旅游的现状及发展思路类 别 ： 院 系 ： 经济管理学院 专 业 班： 旅游管理0802班 姓 名： 梁婷婷 评 分： 指 导 教 师 ： 张瑞林 华中科技大学武昌分校华中科技大学武昌分校学生毕业论文开题报告学 生 姓 名梁婷婷 学 号20081331045专业班级旅管0802 系别经济管理学院指导教师张瑞林职称讲师课题名称浅析我国出境旅游的现状与发展思路 1课题研究的目的和意义1.1研究目的1978年以来，我国旅游业经历了入境旅游率先发展、国内和出境旅游线后迅速兴起的发展模式。20世纪80年代中期，我国出境旅游开始萌芽，1990年关于
2、组织我国公民赴东南亚三国旅游的暂行管理办法的出台标志着我国出境旅游真正开始发展。近几年我国出境旅游发展迅猛，出境人次逐年快速增长，这不仅促进了我国旅行社的发展，开阔了国民眼界，增进了各国之间的交流，促进了世界各民族的交流，也平衡了我国国内旅游市场，一定程度上也促进了入境旅游的发展。但是在当前出境旅游迅猛发展的过程中，也确实存在一些问题，本文将在参考了文献，查找了资料，并且对相关人士进行访谈之后，总结出目前我国出境游的现状，存在的问题，并且针对这些问题，提出相关的建议和解决思路，希望能够促进我国出境游的健康快速发展，这就是本文的研究目的。1.2研究意义目前我国的出境游发展迅速，国内游已经不能满足
3、国民需求，出境游的健康快速发展对提高游客出游满意度有着促进作用，同时也能促进入境旅游的发展，促进我国经济的发展。但是目前我国的出境旅游存在着一些问题，行业的秩序比较混乱，国民素质较低，影响国民形象，盲目购物加大我国旅游外汇流失，出境游产品种类单一，旺季供不应求等。文明旅游有利于宣传我国的民族文化，有利于提高中国的世界地位。出境游的健康快速发展有利于促进我国旅游业的健康快速发展，也有利于保障游客的权益，构建良好的旅游业发展环境。研究我国出境游现状及发展思路不仅能促进我国旅游市场的完善，也能促进我国经济的发展。2课题研究的主要内容目前我国的出境游人次持续高速增长，目的地国家和地区增加，目的地集中度
4、发生变化，出境游客的性质结构发生了转变，出境游已经成为了旅行社新的利润增长点，而我国公民出游也形成了鲜明的特点：素质低，购物能力强等。国民的文明素质较低影响了国民形象，盲目的购物加大了我国旅游外汇的流失，行业秩序相对混乱，管理政策有待调整，旅游产品单一，无法满足消费需求，旺季的时候甚至出现供不应求的局面。为了促进我国出境游的健康迅速发展，需要适当调整行业管理政策，提倡文明旅游，引导消费者理性购物，旅游企业方面，需要细分市场，提供更为丰富的旅游产品，航空公司也看到了我国出境游的迅速发展，所以增加了部分航班，比如2012年4月法航开通武汉到巴黎直飞，这对于湖北出境游市场来说，无疑起到了很大的促进作
5、用。3研究方法其一，实证分析方法。研究我国出境游的问题，需要对我国出境游的发展、现状进行描述。通过对我国出境游发展中产生的问题进行深入调查，对其作出分析与研究。其二，规范分析方法。所谓规范分析方法就是运用价值概念或是标准来对某事物应该是怎么样作出判断。在研究我国出境游发展中产生的问题时，必须运用规范分析方法。其三，比较分析方法。即对国内外出境旅游问题的研究进行对比，从中找出优劣之处，通过去其糟粕取其精华，为我所用。借助计算机和相关的资料比较作出分析。4实施计划2012年1月9日至2012年3月3日：查阅资料，确定论文研究内容与研究方法，撰写开题报告，完成外文文献翻译。 2012年3月4日至20
6、12年4月7日：构思论文布局，形成写作框架，开展调查研究，完成初稿。 2012年4月8日至2012年4月30日：根据指导老师的意见，进一步修改论文。2012年5月1日至2012年5月26日：完善毕业论文格式，毕业论文最终定稿并曹家答辩。5主要参考文献1 Wolfgang Georg Arlt,冯革群. 中国游客赴欧旅游组织机构的发展与未来任务J. 旅游学刊. 2007(05) 2 陈顺明.出境旅游热的“冷”思考从我国出境旅游者不文明行为谈起J. 资源开发与市场. 2007(03) 3 张善芹,何佳梅. 发展出境旅游对国际收支调节的经济学透视J. 江西金融职工大学学报. 2006(06) 4 王
7、晓丽,王学峰. 解读新形势下中国出境旅游政策变更J. 商场现代化. 2006(35) 6 Pan Grace W,Laws E.Tourism Marketing Opportunities for Australia in China J. 2002 指导教师意见指导教师签字： 年 月 日开题答辩组意见开题答辩组组长签字：年 月 日教研室审查意见教研室负责人签字： 年 月 日系审查意见系主任签字： （系 公 章） 年 月 日毕业论文外 文 文 献 翻 译 院 系 经济管理学院 专 业 班 级 旅游管理0801 姓 名 徐盈 原 文 出 处 International Journal of C
8、onsumer Studies ISSN 1470-6423 评 分 指 导 教 师 彭良平 华中科技大学武昌分校2012 年 2月 24日浅析我国出境旅游的现状与发展思路介绍 近年来，随着我国日益开放，人们生活日益宽裕，旅游业逐渐成为拉动经济发展的重要产业，但有关旅游业的统计研究起步较晚，但人们渐渐意识到了统计研究对旅游业盈利、发展的帮助。旅游经济影响因素的研究对旅游业十分重要，分析了对旅游业产生经济收益的因素之后，可以认清目前我国入境旅游业发展的现状与趋势，有利于政策制定部门和行业组织者制定相关的政策和积极的应对措施。王琪延（2010）采用结构方程模型对中国291个低级以上城市进行旅游经济
9、影响因素结构研究，旅游经济影响因素排名由“旅游带动经济”模型“旅游资源丰度”“交通便利度”“旅游品味度“城市经济发展水品”“旅游接待设施”。由“经济带动旅游”模型则是“交通便利度”“市域经济发展水平”“旅游资源丰度”“旅游接待设施”。殷书卢等（2009）认为以往的文献大多研究的是影响我国入境旅游发展的内部因素。而通过从影响我国入境旅游市场的外部因素角度进行实证分析，发现国内经济发展水平、世界经济发展水平、对外开放程度和文化交流对我国入境旅游的影响作用最为明显。认为国内旅游代替不了出境旅游，旅游服务贸易具有“窗口效应”，留学生和海外华人是我国公共外交的重要力量。我国应开发多元化旅游市场，合理规范
10、出境旅游，扩大文化交流，加大海外旅游营销力度。苏燕瑜（2009）将入境旅游业国际竞争力影响因素概括为8个因素。以2007年31个省作为数据样本进行回归分析，这八个因素有较强多重共线性，文章用主成分分析消除多重共线性。最终影响力排序为经济环境、交通发达度、交通发达度、旅游接待能力、政府支持力度、旅游企业竞争能力、人才资源。出境旅游现状 罗敏中国公民出境旅游发展的动力机制与趋势研究 （2010）提到旅游是社会生产力发展到一定阶段后的必然产物,反映了一个国家或地区的社会发展状况。与入境旅游和国内旅游相比,中国出境旅游起步较晚,客源市场基数低,规模小。改革开放以后,随着中国经济的快速发展和人们生活水平
11、的不断提高,公民的出境旅游需求日益旺盛,出境旅游人数特别是因私出境旅游人数大幅度增加,出境旅游已经成了一个新的消费领域。出境旅游热现象被越来越多的人们所关注,中国公民出境旅游发展动力机制的研究对于辨析中国公民出境旅游的发展规律具有重要意义。通过研究发现,促进中国出境旅游发展的主要动力因素为经济因素,即经济发展是出境旅游发展的主要推动力,而政府规制环境是影响出境旅游发展的关键性因素,决定了公民出境旅游的范围和方式；交通条件、技术进步等对出境旅游发展也具有重要的促进作用,其发展程度影响公民出境旅游对目的地的远近的选择。各国内动力因素不是单独存在的,而是相互影响、相互制约的,与国际动力因素共同形成了
12、影响中国公民出境旅游发展的系统。出境旅游发展的规模、速度和模式等是多种因素综合作用的结果,既受到国内动力因素间的相互作用,又受到国际动力因素的影响,同时还存在国内动力因素与国际因素之间的相互制约作用。雷平；施祖麟我国出境旅游发展水平的国际比较研究（2008）出境旅游市场是我国当前三大旅游市场中增长最快的市场,对出境旅游发展水平与阶段的正确认识是理论研究与政策实践的基础。基于全球44个主要的国际旅游客源国家与地区的1980年至2004年出境旅游及相关数据,本文采用截面回归与面板数据模型进行的研究发现:随着人均GDP与人均国民总收入的增长,一国的出境旅游率将会呈现指数形态的上升,在现价美元1600
13、0元左右将会出现出境旅游的爆发性增长;但一国的出境旅游率存在大国效应,人口规模与出境旅游率呈负相关关系;研究结果还显示,只有经济发展到达一定阶段后,经济增长速度对出境旅游增长的影响才会明显表现出来。欧玉婷浙江省出境旅游市场研究说道出境旅游已成为浙江居民重要的休闲方式,出游群体以中青年为主,家庭结构主要为夫妻子女的形式,以中等收入家庭为多,职业构成较为多样化,文化程度普遍较高。出游者的旅游动机、旅游线路感知、目的地参与的旅游活动、旅游消费构成等都带有基于观光游览的初级旅游行为特征,但休闲度假市场与公务市场表现出较大的发展空间。到访目的地以传统的近程国家(或地区)为主,并已开始尝试远程的欧洲游与美
14、洲游。旅行社与互联网是获取出境旅游信息的主要渠道,偏好与家庭成员出游,对行程的灵活性要求高,境外消费较为理性,对组团社与目的地的评价较高,未来再次出境旅游愿望强烈。同时,出游动机、组织方式、同游旅伴的职业分异和出游频率、首选目的地、旅游消费水平的家庭月均收入分异较为显著。发展道路高应蓓规范我国出境旅游市场的思考（2012）说道旅游产业包括国内旅游、入境旅游和出境旅游三大板块。一般情况下,一个国家的旅游通常是从发展国内旅游起步,然后逐步发展包括入境旅游和出境旅游在内的国际旅游。2002年以来,我国公民出境旅游的高速发展引起了国际社会的广泛关注,希望成为我国公民出境旅游目的地(ADS)的国家越来越
15、多。世界上一些国家纷纷调整政策,采取积极措施,以期抢先赢得我国旅游市场。出境旅游的良好发展势头主要得益于两个重要因素:一是出境旅游目的地不断扩大;二是近年来国家外汇管理政策不断放宽,使出境旅游活动更加方便。同时,世界经济一体化使各国之间的交往更加频繁,交通、通讯高度发达,经济贸易往来日益增多。休闲、商务等各种形式的旅游活动风行世界,各地区、各民族之间的社会交流、友好交往已成为一种潮流。我国公民的出境旅游不仅仅是简单的旅游活动,对它产生的影响也不能仅仅从经济方面来考量,而必须把它放到整个国家社会经济发展的大局上来权衡。旅游业是个综合性的产业,它的发展不可能是孤立的,国家的区域经济发展战略必将引导
16、和影响旅游业的发展。我们以往对旅游业的社会功能重视不足,主要强调它是一种消费或非必要消费,是一种经济活动,而如今越来越多的人认识到它还应当是一种智力投资,是促进人力资本发展的工具。旅游业的发展不仅要满足外来旅游者的需求,也要改善本国居民的福利;旅游活动不仅是城市居民的消费需求,也是农村居民的社会权利,旅游业应成为“创造幸福的产业”。我国居民对出境旅游的需求长期以来被“大力发展入境旅游,有步骤地发展出境旅游”的政策限制,已经产生了很多不正常的经济现象。According to the outbound tourism in China and the status of the developm
17、entIntroduction In recent years, as Chinas increasingly open, people life has become increasingly bounteous, tourism has become pull the economic development of important industry, but the statistics about tourism later start, but people gradually aware of the tourism industry profit statistical stu
18、dies, development of the help. Tourism economic impact factors of the tourism industry is very important, and analyzes the economic gains of the tourism industry generated after factors, can recognize the entry tourism in China at present, the present situation and development trend to policy sector
19、s and industries group the woven plan policy and positive measures WangQiYan (2010) using structure equation model for Chinas 291 junior above the city tourism economic impact factor structure research, tourism and economic factors ranking by tourist drive economic model tourism resource abundance t
20、raffic convenience degree tourism taste degree urban economic development water product tourism facilities. By economic drive tourism model is traffic convenience degree of regional economic development level tourism resource abundance tourism facilities. Yin book Lou (2009) think of most of the pre
21、vious literature research is effect on our countrys entry tourism development. And through the internal factors affecting our country from the entry tourism market external factors Angle of empirical analysis, found the domestic economic development level, the world economic development level, openi
22、ng degree and cultural exchange on Chinas entry tourism impact is most obvious. Think domestic tourism can not instead of the outbound travel, tourism service trade has window effect, students and the overseas Chinese in public diplomacy is the important power. Our country should develop the tourist
23、 market diversification, reasonable norm outbound travel, expand cultural exchanges, and increase the overseas tourism marketing efforts. SuYanYu (2009) will inbound tourism international competitiveness factors summarized as eight factors. In 2007, the 31 provinces as data sample regression analysi
24、s, the eight factors have strong of multiple linear, with the principal component analysis to eliminate multiple linear. Finally sort of influence for the economic environment and traffic developed degree, traffic developed degree, tourism reception capacity, government support, tourism enterprise c
25、ompetition ability, the human resources.Outbound tourism statusLuo Min for outbound Chinese tourists driving force for development mechanism and Trends (2010) mentioned that tourism is the inevitable outcome of the development of social productive forces to a certain stage, reflecting the social dev
26、elopment of a country or region. Compared with inbound tourism and domestic tourism, the late start of Chinas outbound tourism source markets, low base, small-scale. Reform and opening up, Chinas rapid economic development and peoples living standards continue to improve the citizens demand for outb
27、ound travel is increasingly strong, the number of outbound tourism in particular, a substantial increase in private the number of outbound tourism, outbound tourism has become a new consumer areas. Outbound tourism thermal phenomena are more and more people concerned about the dynamic mechanism of C
28、hinese outbound tourism development for the Discrimination of Chinese citizens to leave the law of development of tourism significance. Study found that the main motivating factors to promote Chinas outbound tourism development as economic factors, that economic development is the main driving force
29、 for outbound tourism development, government regulation environment is a key factor of the development of outbound tourism, determine the scope of citizens traveling abroad way; traffic conditions, technological advances, such as outbound tourism development also has an important role in promoting
30、their level of development of citizens outbound travel to select destinations near and far. Domestic power factor is not excising independently but influence each other, mutual restraint, and international power factors for outbound Chinese tourism development system. Scale, speed and mode of outbou
31、nd tourism development is the result of multiple factors, not only by the interaction between the domestic power factor, but also by factors of international power, but also the interrelationship between the domestic power factors and international factors restraining effect.LeiPing, ShiZuLin the ou
32、tbound tourism development level in the international comparison research (2008) outbound tourism market is in our country at present three big tourism market in the fastest growing market, the outbound tourism development level and phase of the correct understanding of the theoretical research and
33、policy is the basis of practice. Based on the global 44 major international tourist country and the area of 1980 to 2004 outbound tourism and the related data, this paper the sectional regression with panel data model research found that: as per capita gross national income per capita GDP and the gr
34、owth, a countrys outbound tourism rate will be presented in the form of index rising, in present price dollars 16000 Yuan will appear the outbound tourism explosive growth; But one countrys outbound tourism rate exists power effect, population size and outbound tourism rate is inversely related; The
35、 results also suggest that only economic development to a certain extent, economic growth speed on the influence of the outbound tourism growth will be obvious.The jade was zhejiang saves outbound tourism market research, said outbound tourism has become an important way of zhejiang residents leisur
36、e, travel group in young and middle-aged is given priority to, the family structure is mainly for couples in the form of children to middle-income families crowd, vocational structure more diverse, culture generally high degree. ChuYouZhe travel motive, tourist line perception, destination of touris
37、t activities in the composition of consumption, tourism and based on of visiting with primary tourism behavior characteristic, but leisure vacation market and business show much of the market development space. Visit to the traditional destination close-in countries (or area) is given priority to, a
38、nd has started to try to remote tour of Europe and America to swim. Travel agent and the Internet is for outbound tourism information of the main channel, preference and family members to travel, to schedule flexibility requirement is high, the more rational consumption abroad, to ZuTuanShe and the
39、destination of the evaluation is higher, the future again intense desire to travel abroad. At the same time, travel motive, organization way of traveling companion, synchronized swimming career differentiation frequency, travel and tourism destination, the average monthly income family consumption l
40、evel differentiation is significant.Development roadHigh should bud regulating Chinese outbound tourism market thinking (2012) said tourism industry including domestic tourism, inbound tourism and outbound tourism three blocks. Usually, a countrys tourism development is usually from domestic tourism
41、 started, and then gradually development including the entry tourism and outbound tourism, the international tourism. Since 2002, Chinese citizens outbound tourism of high-speed development by the international societys extensive concern, hope to be Chinese citizens outbound tourism destination (ADS
42、) country more and more. Some countries in the world have policy adjustment, active measures, hoping to win first in Chinese tourism market. Country the traveling good momentum of development is mainly thanks to two factors: one is the outbound tourism destination constantly expand; Second, in recen
43、t years the state administration of foreign exchange policy more relaxed, make outbound tourism activities more convenient. At the same time, the world economic integration that all the contacts between more frequently, transportation, communications is highly developed and economic trade is increas
44、ing. Leisure, business and all kinds of other forms of tourism activities worldwide popular, regions, social communication between different nationalities, friendly exchanges has become a trend. The Chinese citizens outbound tourism is not only simple tourism activities and its impact also cant just
45、 from the economic aspect to consider, and must put it in the whole country social and economic development of the overall interests of weigh up. Tourism is a comprehensive industry, the development of it cant be isolated, and the states regional economic development strategy will guide and influenc
46、e the development of tourism. We have been to the social function of insufficient attention to tourism, with emphasis on it is a kind of consumption or not necessary consumption, is a kind of economic activity, but now more and more people realize that it shall also is a kind of intelligence investment, promote human capital development tools. The development of tourism should not only meet the needs of foreign tourists, also want to improve the welfare of its citizens; a Tourism activity is not only the city residents consumption demand,