《中考英语总复习》考点18 疑问句-备战2021年中考英语考点一遍过 (解析版).doc

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1、考点18 疑问句命题趋势: 陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的句子,陈述句分为肯定句和否定句,备战2017年中考时要牢记陈述句的肯定形式及否定形式等用法。疑问句可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句四大类。中考英语试题一般考查这些疑问句的结构及其回答。中考考查重点:1. 掌握陈述句的肯定式、否定式;2. 除no,not以外的表否定意义的词;3. 掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句的构成和基本用法;4. 理解反意疑问句的构成和基本用法。陈述句陈述句主要分为肯定句和否定句。考向一:陈述句的肯定句式主要有五种基本句型: 1. 主语 + 谓语(不及物动词) The rain st

2、opped. 雨停了2. 主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语 Children are playing basketball. 孩子们在打篮球。3. 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄。4. 主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语My father bought me a computer. 我爸爸给我买了台电脑。5. 主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语 He made his sister cried just now. 他刚刚把他妹妹弄哭了。考向二:陈述句的否定句式1. 若句中有连系动词be、情

3、态动词或助动词,则分别在它们的后面加上not。His mother has already called the police for help. 他的母亲已经报警求助了。His mother hasnt called the police for help yet. 他的母亲还没有报警求助。【典例】Sometimes youre supposed to come early. (变为否定句)Sometimes you _ _ supposed to come early. 【答案】are not【解析】因为句中有连系动词are,所以在变为否定句时,应在are后加not。2. 原句中没有连系动

4、词be、助动词或情态动词时,要在行为动词前加助动词(do,does,did)与否定副词not。并且要注意这时的行为动词要用原形。另外,还需要将原句中的some改为any,too改为either,already改为yet。The old man hurt his leg last Wednesday. 这位老人上周三腿受伤了。The old man didnt hurt his leg last Wednesday. 这位老人上周三腿没有受伤。【典例】【2020黑龙江绥化中考】 He has some good ideas.(改为否定句)He _ have _ good ideas.【答案】do

5、esn't, any【解析】has表示“有“ ,否定句要借助助动词doesnt,some用于肯定句中,any用于疑问句或否定句中。3. 英语中有些肯定句与not连用只表示部分否定,所以在变为否定句时,只需将其中的某一(些)词语变为否定词即可。常见的这类词有bothneither,allnone,both. and. neither. nor.,everyone/eachno one/nobody,each/eitherneither,a fewfew,a littlelittle。All the students are listening carefully. None of the

6、 students is/are listening carefully. Both Joy and Sam like singing Beijing Opera. Neither Joy nor Sam likes singing Beijing Opera. 【典例】 【2020湖北宜昌中考】 Its unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way!_ is impossible. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything.【答案】C【解析】 考查

7、不定代词的用法辨析。句意:难以置信5G技术发展如此迅速!没有什么是不可能的。此处是双重否定相当于肯定,相当于:Everything is possible. 故选C。4. 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think时,如果要否定后面的宾语从句,习惯上否定主句的谓语动词。I think she will come here soon. I dont think she will come here soon.疑问句考向一:一般疑问句英语中的疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。所谓一般疑问句,就是可以用yes或no来回答的疑问句。1. 肯定

8、形式的一般疑问句此类一般疑问句的结构为连系动词be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 。Is he a good student? 他是一个好学生吗? Yes, he is. 是的,他是。/ No, he isnt. 不,他不是。Does he go to school by bike? 他骑自行车去上学吗? Yes, he does. 是的,他骑。/ No, he doesnt. 不,他不骑。【典例】【2020贵州铜仁中考】 Are there any notebooks on COVID-19 (新冠肺炎病毒) in your school? _. They tell

9、us how to protect ourselves in this big event.A. Yes, they are B. Yes, there are C. Yes, there is D. Yes, it is【答案】B【解析】考查there be句型。句意:你们学校有新冠肺炎病毒的笔记本吗?是的,有。它们告诉我们在这个大事件中如何保护自己。Are there句式的答语:Yes, there are. /No, there arent. 故选B。2. 否定形式的一般疑问句此类一般疑问句主要表示反问或惊讶,通常在连系动词be,情态动词或助动词后加not的缩略式nt,并放在句首。Are

10、nt you a writer? 难道你不是作家吗? No, Im not. 是的,我不是。【注意】在这样的句子中,要注意句子的翻译,yes翻译成不,no翻译成是的。【典例】【2020青海中考】What a fine day!Lets go for a picnic, _ ?Sounds like a good idea.A. shall weB. dont weC. can we 【答案】A【解析】考查反意疑问句。以lets构成的反意疑问句,其后面的简短疑问用shall we。故选A。3. 用yes,no之外的词回答的一般疑问句一般疑问句也可用其他表示肯定或否定的词回答,如:certainl

11、y,sure,of course,I think so,all right,certainly not,not at all,never,sorry,not yet,Im afraid not等。Would you mind my joining your talk? 我加入你们的讨论,你们介意吗? Of course not. 当然不介意。【典例】【2020江苏常州中考】 Do you want to try some wild duck?_. We should protect wild animals.A. No idea B. No problem C. No way D. No do

12、ubt【答案】C【解析】考查情景交际。句意:你想要品尝一些野鸭吗? 绝对不行。我们应当保护野生动物。No idea不知道;No problem没问题;No way绝对不行;No doubt毋庸置疑。结合句意故选C。考向二:特殊疑问句以疑问词开头的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句的基本结构是疑问词 + 一般疑问句。常见的疑问词有what,who,whose,which,when,where,how,what time,what color,how much,how many,how long,how often,how soon等。1. 特殊疑问句的语序疑问词作主语时,句子的语序与陈述句的语序相同

13、。当疑问词作句子的宾语、状语等时,应用疑问词 + 一般疑问句结构。Who will give us a talk? 谁将给我们做报告?(who作主语)When do you get up every day? 你每天什么时候起床?(when作时间状语)【典例】到目前为止你看了多少部英文电影?(根据所给中文意思完成句子)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ so far? 【答案】How many English films have you seen【解析】film电影为可数名词,多少部英文电影应用how many English films表示,由so far可判断出要用现在完成时。2. 否定形式的特

14、殊疑问句否定形式的特殊疑问句由疑问词 + 一般疑问句的否定形式构成,主要表示劝告、建议或责备等。Why didnt you tell me earlier? 你为什么不早点告诉我呢? When cant he come? 他什么时候不能来?3. 对画线部分提问这类题实际上就是将所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句。解这类题时通常分三步完成:首先选准疑问词;然后改为疑问句语序;最后抄写剩余的部分。当对句子的主语提问时,其语序是疑问词 谓语 其他成分? 。Jack is over there. Who is over there? He comes to China once a year. How oft

15、en does he come to China? 【典例】Lucy will leave for London on business in three hours. (对画线部分提问)_ _ will Lucy leave for London on business? 【答案】How soon【解析】in + 时间段常与一般将来时连用,对此提问要用how soon,表示多久。考向三:选择疑问句要求对方对两种或两种以上的情况进行选择的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句的最后两个供选择部分用or连接。选择疑问句有两种:一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句。Do you like Tom or Jerry

16、? 你喜欢汤姆还是杰瑞? I like Jerry. 我喜欢杰瑞。Which do you like best, apples, oranges or bananas? 你最喜欢哪样,苹果、橘子还是香蕉? I like apples best. 我最喜欢苹果。【注意】选择疑问句不能用yes或no来回答。【典例】【2020·湖北十堰】 What would you like, juice or coffee?_. I just want a glass of water.A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None.【答案】B【解析】考查代词。both两者都

17、;neither两者都不;either两者中任何一个;none三个或多者中没有一个。根据答语I just want a glass of water(我仅仅想要一杯水)可知我既不想要果汁,也不想要咖啡,空格处表达“两者都不”。故选B。考向四:反意疑问句1. 反意疑问句的特点反意疑问句是由两部分构成的:前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是简短的提问。即陈述句 + 附加疑问句。反意疑问句前后两部分必须遵循的原则是三同一反,即:人称相同,动词相同,时态相同,前肯后否,前否后肯。Mary is a worker, isnt she? 玛丽是工人,是不是? You wont go to the Summe

18、r Palace tomorrow, will you? 明天你不去颐和园,是吗?2. 反意疑问句的答语对反意疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就用yes回答;若事实是否定的,就用no回答。注意在前否后肯的反意疑问句的答语中,yes意为不,no意为是。He isnt going to the meeting, is he? 他不去参加会议,是吗?Yes, he is. 不,他要去。/ No, he isnt. 对,他不去。3. 常考的反意疑问句初中阶段常考的反意疑问句有以下几种:(1)There be句型构成反意疑问句时,附加疑问句的主语应用there。(×)Ther

19、e is a cat under the chair, isnt it? ()There is a cat under the chair, isnt there? (2)如果陈述句中含有表示否定意义的词,如never,hardly,few,little等,在构成反意疑问句时,附加疑问句部分需用肯定式。I could hardly see the bird in the sky, could I? 我几乎看不见空中的鸟,对吗? Jims never seen such a wonderful football match before, has he? 吉姆以前从没看过一场如此精彩的足球赛,是

20、吗?He dislikes volleyball, doesnt he? 他不喜欢排球,是不是? Jenny looks unhappy today, doesnt she? 今天珍妮看起来不高兴,是不是?(3)祈使句之后的附加疑问句一般祈使句之后的附加疑问部分常用will you? 或wont you? 。(4)主从复合句构成反意疑问句时,附加疑问句部分通常与主句在主谓上保持一致;如果主从复合句为I (dont) think/believe + 宾语从句,附加疑问部分应与宾语从句在主谓上保持一致。I think Tom runs fastest of all, doesnt he? 我认为在

21、所有人中汤姆跑得最快,对吗?1. The Brows were watching TV when they got the phone call last night.(改为一般疑问句) _ the Browns_ TV when they got the phone call last night?2. Dr Ma laid his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study. (改为一般疑问句) _ Dr Ma _ his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study?3. The

22、 Bridge connecting Nantong to Zhangjiagang is 11,072 metres long. (对划线部分提问)_ _ is the bridge connecting Nantong to Zhangjiagang?4. The middle school boy can tell traditional Chinese stories in English. (改为一般疑问句)_the middle school boy_ traditional Chinese stories in English?5. People will have robots

23、 at home in 20 years. (对划线部分提问)_ _ will people have robots at home?6. The dictionary cost him 120 yuan.(对划线部分提问)_ _did the dictionary cost him?70. How much 7. She often reads with her daughter in the evening. (改为否定句)She _ often _ with her daughter in the evening. 8. (2020重庆中考B卷)70. Uncle Zhu is maki

24、ng a vegetable salad for dinner now. (对划线部分提问) _ _ Uncle Zhu making for dinner now? 9. David can hardly speak Chinese. (改为反意疑问句) David can hardly speak Chinese, _ _?87. can he 10. I improved my Chinese a lot with the teachers help. (就划线部分提问)_ _ you improve your Chinese a lot? How did 【答案】1.Were; wat

25、ching 2. Did, lay 3. How long 4. Can, tell 5. How, soon 6. How much 7. doesnt ; read 8. What is 9. can he 10. How did 1.【2020·云南中考】 _was the car invented? It was invented in 1885.A. When B. Which C. Who D. Where【答案】A 【解析】考查疑问词辨析。句意:- _汽车被发明的呢?-它是1885年发明的。根据答语,可以判断询问时间。故选A。2. 【2020湖北宜昌中考】_ did t

26、he rules about keeping civilized dogs(文明养狗)come out in Yichang?Im not sure about the exact date but I totally agree. A. Why B. When C. Who D. What【答案】B 【解析】考查疑问词的用法辨析。 句意:什么时候文明养狗的规则在宜昌出来呢?我不确定确切的日期,但我完全赞同。根据答语的 date与时间相关,所以此处是问时间。故选B。3. 【2020湖北鄂州中考】She's never heard of Abing, _ she?_. She said

27、that his piece, Erquan Yingyue was her favorite music.A. is; Yes, she isB. has; Yes, she hasC. hasn't; No, she hasn'tD. isn't; No, she isn't【答案】B 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:她从没听说过阿炳,是吗?不,她听说过。她说他的作品二泉映月是她最喜欢的音乐。反意疑问句要做到“前否后肯”或“前肯后否”,根据题干中“never”意为“从不,从未”,表否定含义,可知疑问部分要用肯定形式,再由问句中“She's never

28、heard of”可知句子用现在完成时,第一空用助动词has;根据答句中“She said that his piece, Erquan Yingyue was her favorite music.”可知她听说过阿炳,反意疑问句根据实际情况作答,此处用肯定回答Yes, she has.表示“不,她听说过。” 故选B。4. 【2020湖北天门中考】 _ do you go to the library?Twice a week.A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far【答案】C【解析】考查疑问词辨析。How soon多久以后;How lon

29、g 多长时间,多长;How often多久一次;How far多远。根据答语Twice a week.可知对“频率“进行提问,故选C。5.【2020上海中考】_is in charge of the summer concert?Jessie. She has a lot of experience.A. Where B. Why C. What D. Who【答案】D【解析】考查疑问词。句意:谁负责夏季音乐会吗?杰西。她有丰富的经验。由答句Jessie可以看出,问句是询问谁?where提问地点, why提问原因, what提问什么。故选D。6.【2020贵州黔南中考】Mike,_ will

30、the new science museum be built?It will be built in the center of the city.A. when B. where C. what D. why【答案】B【解析】考查疑问词用法。句意:迈克,新的科学博物馆将建_?它将建在城市中心。when询问时间;where询问地点;what询问内容、职业或身份;why询问原因。由答语可知这里是对地点的提问,故选B。7.【2020贵州黔南中考】Its Fathers Day,_?Yes. Lets buy a gift for dad. He works very hard for us.A.

31、 isnt it B. doesnt it C. isnt he D. doesnt he【答案】A【解析】 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的构成是“前肯后否,前否后肯”,主语用代词it代替。前一句的谓语动词用的是动词is,否定的时候就用isnt,故选A。8.【2020贵州铜仁中考】 Are there any notebooks on COVID-19 (新冠肺炎病毒) in your school? _. They tell us how to protect ourselves in this big event.A. Yes, they are B. Yes, there are C. Y

32、es, there is D. Yes, it is【答案】B【解析】考查there be句型。句意:你们学校有新冠肺炎病毒的笔记本吗?是的,有。它们告诉我们在这个大事件中如何保护自己。Are there句式的答语:Yes, there are. /No, there arent. 故选B。9.【2020甘肃天水】Lets meet at the school gate, _ ?A. shall we B. shall you C. will we D. will you【答案】A【解析】考查反意疑问句的用法。句意:让我们在学校大门口集合,好不好?祈使句Lets+动词原形,其反意疑问句中的简短

33、问句用shall we;而Let us+动词原形,变反意疑问句,简短问句用will you。故选A。10.【2020北京中考】_ do you visit your grandparents, Tom?Twice a month.A. How muchB. How oftenC. How longD. How soon【答案】B【解析】考查特殊疑问词辨析。句意:汤姆,你多久去看一次你的祖父母?一个月两次。How much多少,通常对不可数名词的量提问或者询问价格是多少;How often多久一次,通常用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数,答语通常是usually, often, some

34、times,once/ twice a day/month等;How long多久、多长时间,主要是对某一动作持续的时间进行提问,也可以对某物体的长度提问;How soon还要多久,多久以后,通常是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问,常用在一般将来时态的句子中,其答语通常是“in+一段时间。根据答语“Twice a month”表示的是频率,故用how often提问。故选B。1.【2020重庆市永川区一诊测试题】_ is your home from school, Ben? Oh, Its not very far, only_ walk.A. How long; t

35、en-minuteB. How far; ten minutesC. How long; ten minutesD. How far; ten minutes【答案】D【解析】句意:本,从你学校到你家有多远?喔,不是很远,只有十分钟的路程。考查特殊疑问句以及名词所有格。how long多长(时间的延续或东西的长度) ;how far多远(距离)。根据回答可知此处表达的是从学校到家有多远的路程,用疑问词how far。十分钟的路程用复数名词minutes的所有格ten minutes walk。故选D。2.【2020北京市101中学中考三模】_do you have dinner with yo

36、ur family at restaurants? Hardly everA. How oftenB. How longC. How manyD. How much【答案】A【解析】句意:你多久和家人在饭馆吃一次晚饭? 几乎没有。考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次,多长时间一次,询问频率;How long多长,多长时间,询问做某事用了多长时间或物品的长度;How many多少,询问可数名词的数量;How much多少,询问不可数名词的数量。根据回答“Hardly ever”可知询问频率;故选A。3.【2020安徽省合肥市庐阳区中考二模】How about taking a taxi t

37、here? It's faster._. It's rush hour now, so it may take longer.A. Sounds greatB. Promise!C. Better notD. Take it easy【答案】C【解析】句意:乘出租车去那儿怎么样?它更快。最好不要。现在是高峰期,所以可能要花更长的时间。考查情景交际。Sounds great听起来很棒;Promise!保证;Better not最好不要;Take it easy放松点。根据“It's rush hour now, so it may take longer”及语境可知,一方

38、建议乘坐出租车,另一方表示现在是高峰期,乘坐出租车可能会更慢,所以最好不要乘出租车。故选C。4.【2020安徽省合肥市瑶海区中考二模】Shall we sit in the corner or by the window ?_. I dont mind.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. Either【答案】D【解析】句意:我们可以坐在角落里或窗户旁边吗?都可以,我不介意的。考查不定代词。none三者或三者以上都不;both两个都,表示肯定含义;neither两者都不,表示否定含义;either两者中的任何一个,任一个。根据题干"I don't mind&q

39、uot;可知答者想表达你们坐在角落里或窗户旁边,任选其一都是可以的,我不介意。应填either,故选D。5.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】_ is your uncle? Does he still work as an engineer? Yes, he has been an engineer for twenty years.A. WhomB. WhatC. WhoD. Which【答案】B【解析】句意:你叔叔是做什么的?他还在当工程师吗?是的,他当工程师已经有二十年了。考查疑问词辨析。Whom谁,宾格;What什么;Who谁;Which哪一个。根据Does he still work

40、 as an engineer?可知选项应是问“你叔叔是做什么(工作)的?”对于职业的提问,用殊疑问词what,故答案选B。6.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】 Lets go hiking, _? OK. Lets go.A. do youB. dont youC. will youD. shall we【答案】D【解析】句意:我们去远足吧,好吗? 好啊。我们走吧。考查反意疑问句。根据英语语法,以Lets开头的提问,包括所询问的对方在内,故应用shall we做反义疑问部分,故选D。7.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】Would you mind if I turn on the radio

41、? _. The baby is sleeping in the next room.A. No, I dont mindB. Not at allC. Better notD. Thats all right【答案】C【解析】你介意我开收音机吗?最好不要。小婴儿正在隔壁房间睡觉。考查日常交际用语的用法。A. No, I dont mind不,不介意;B. Not at all一点也不;C. Better not最好不要;D. Thats all right没关系。根据下文“The baby is sleeping in the next room.婴儿在隔壁房间睡觉”可知选最好不要。故选C。

42、8.【2020山东省济南市市中区中考二模】_ father took part in the charity activity yesterday?Peters father, Mr. Williams.A. WhoseB. WhatC. WhichD. Who【答案】A【解析】句意:昨天谁的爸爸参加了慈善活动?皮特的爸爸,威廉姆斯先生。考查特殊疑问词。Whose谁的;What什么;Which 哪一个;Who谁。空处的词在名词father之前,应为“谁的whose”做定语,故选A。9.【2020江苏省徐州市六区县中考二模】How do you find the trip to New York

43、?_.A. The guide took us thereB. First by train and then by busC. Very wonderfulD. It's not far from our hotel【答案】C【解析】句意:你觉得去纽约的旅行怎么样?很好。考查情景交际用语。The guide took us there导游带我们去那里;First by train and then by bus先坐火车然后坐公交;Very wonderful很精彩;It's not far from our hotel离我们宾馆不远。问句询问的是你觉得去纽约的旅行怎么样,故选

44、C。10.【2020北京市昌平区中考二模】Jennifer, _makes you so unhappy? I can't go outside or play with my friends.A. whatB. whereC. whenD. who【答案】A【解析】句意:Jennifer,什么事让你这么不开心?我不能出去或者和我的朋友们一起玩。考查疑问词辨析。what什么;where在哪里;when什么时候;who谁。句中缺少主语,排除B.C;根据对话的语境以及下面的回答可知,这里问的是让Jennifer不开心的事是什么,故选A。11. 【2020北京市丰台区三模】 _may I keep the book, madam? For two weeks.A. how muchB. how manyC. how oftenD. how long【答案】D【解析】句意:女士,这本书我可以借多久?两个星期。考查疑问词。how much多少,后跟不可数名词或问价钱;how many多少,后跟可数名词复数形式;how often每隔多久,对频度副词或表频度的短语的提问;how long多长时间,对一段时间“for+一段时间”或长度提问;根据答语“For

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