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1、专题06 完型填空精讲完型填空一、完型填空的解题步骤完形填空是在语篇中测试学生基础、阅读、思维、判断能力的综合性试题，是一种要求高、难度大、区分度高的题型。做完形填空题应该遵循以下步骤：1通读全文，了解大意，重视首句，把握主旨完形填空题不同于单项选择题，它所给的是一篇意义完整的短文，一般没有文章标题，首句一般不留空格，是个完整的句子。全文信息从首句开始，细读首句，可判断出文章的体裁，预测短文的大意和主旨，理出正确的思维导向，因此读懂首句是关键。然后，通读全文，对短文内容有大体了解和掌握。2逐句细读，边读边选通读全文后就可以在细读的基础上完成填空。要细心谨慎，逐句地细读和分析，每填一空都要注意形
2、义恰当和前后照应。做题时要善于发现和利用文中的信息句，从字里行间寻求启示。因为词与词、句与句之间都是靠一定的语法关系和固定词语的搭配而联系在一起的，注意动词、介词、冠词等固定搭配，以及习惯用语及用法；注意句子成分及结构，所以可根据上下文的语意来选择与前后句有联系的名词、介词、动词、形容词或副词等。3重读全文，核实答案所有的答案选出之后，应再读全文，对所选的答案进行核实和调整。经过第二步的逐句推敲之后，对短文内容的理解会更为深刻。注意检查文意是否通顺、语法等是否正确，逻辑是否合乎推理，以确保填空正确无误。二、完形填空的考察题型1.词汇题。这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容
3、词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。2.动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。这类题也是从语境的层次上来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。3.常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。这种题涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。4.句法题。这种题型涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。5.逻辑分析题。这种题型主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。三、完形填空的高分突破策略1.掌握丰富的词汇、短语知识，具有较强的词义辨析能力，掌握动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的固定搭配和用法是有效提高正确率的方法之一。2.长句难句的理解，在阅读中遇见的长句难句，
4、学生要学会分析句子结构，培养必要的语感，从而为理解文章扫清障碍，降低阅读的难度，最终为提高解题准确率服务。3.加大阅读量，增宽知识面，在紧张的中考冲刺时刻，我们可以选择较好的文本材料进行练习，多做多练，在练中提升自己的答题能力。精练完型填空(一)Have you ever heard of ewaste （电子垃圾）？ How do you deal with your MP 4 players，mobile phones and your computers when they're broken or you want a new one？Most people just thro
5、w them awayWith the（1） of electronic industry，ewaste pollution has become a serious problem According to the United Nations， in 2014， people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of ewaste and only（2） less than 20% of itThe US was（3） waster in the world， producing 7 1 million tons China came s
6、econd，（4） 6 million tonsIt's（5） to pay attention to ewaste It can be（6） valuable or harmful，depending on how we deal with it Ewaste is a valuable urban mine （城市矿藏） The value of the metals，like gold and silver is（7） And the metals can be reused But if people throw them away， the toxic （有毒的） chemi
7、cals can（8） the earth or air， they will affect the environment and people's healthNow，Huawei recycles people's used products on their website when people are buying new onesThe company will test and repair the used（9） and then sell them at lower pricesTo reduce（10） ，we can also send computer
8、s and phones to support the recycling programs（1）A developingB developedC developmentD develop（2）A recycledB rebuiltC sellD researched（3）A bigB biggerC the biggestDbiggest（4）A aboutB withC betweenD during（5）A impossibleB interestingC internationalD important（6）A bothB eitherC neitherD very（7）A amazi
9、ngB disappointingC boringD interesting（8）A get upB get out ofC get onD get into（9）A themB thoseC onesD things（10）A moneyB wasteC phonesD hardware(二)Ancient poetry is popular with not only the old but the young in modern times If you were asked to recite （背诵） lines of poetry that have the Chinese（1）
10、"hua" which means "flower"， how many could you recite？He Liran， 13， took on this challenge on a TV show hosted（2） Shandong TV Liran， a student at Harbin No 163 Middle School in Heilongjiang， competed with over 100 other students The competitors took turns reciting lines of poetry
11、 that used "hua"， and Liran（3） to each oneOne competitor used the line " As if the vernal breeze had come back overnight， Adorning thousands of pear trees with blossoms white （忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开）" Liran answered it with "（4） one night of wind and showers， How many the fallen fl
12、owers are （夜来风雨声，花落知多少）" In the end， He Liran（5） ， reciting more than 60 out of the 127 lines that were recited in the competitionHer lifelong love of（6） helped her win Her father started reading to her when she was just 4 years old She has been a bookworm ever since She is especially intereste
13、d in ancient poetry " The beautiful（7） refresh my thinking and inspire（启发） me a lot" She said "I love Su Shi's poems His optimistic （乐观的） attitudes impress me"Though （8） with schoolwork， she spares time to study at least one poem each day "Once， I walked along a small pa
14、th in a forest The scene was （9） what is described in the line "No mud on the sand road between pines （松间沙路净无泥），" which comes from one of Su Shi's poems At that moment， the lines from his poem （10） came to my mind I realized that poems can be part of our daily lives，" she said（1）A
15、 letterB wordC nameD sign（2）A byB fromC inD through（3）A saidB repliedC talkedD wrote（4）A BeforeB WhenC AsD After（5）A wonB failedC gainedD lost（6）A writingB listeningC readingD guessing（7）A passagesB linesC storiesD pieces（8）A busyB lazyC happyD strict（9）A different fromB opposite toC full ofD the sa
16、me as（10）A widelyB strangelyC naturallyD deeply(三)One Christmas my husband and I travelled to visit our family Our first stop was to visit my parents in Oregon My mother gave me a plastic piggy bank as the Christmas gift Then we continued north into Washington D C to visit his parents， but on the wa
17、y we had something wrong with the car It was late， so we went to the nearest house to ask for permission to sleep there until auto repair shop openedThe woman who（1） the door was very kind， allowing us to stay We had to unload （卸货） a few things from the truck， including the piggy bank， still in its
18、long box The next morning my husband headed off on foot towards town， but was soon offered a（2） from the nice lady， and we were back on the road（3） afterwardsIt wasn't until we reached my parents' home that we realized we had（4） the piggy bank in the drive way It sure was（5） and there was no
19、 chance of going back for itOne day over a year later， when we were back in Oregon my mother came out of her house to greet us with the same piggy bank in her hand I couldn't believe my eyes ! We had never told her we had lost it，（6） there it was!It turned out that the nice lady found the box an
20、d read the（7） on the label （标签） to get my mother's name She then（8） my mother and handed it to her， who held on to it for quite some time until we saw her next（9） the very special lady， I was given the（10） Christmas gift twice It was truly amazing to me， and now every time that bank gets filled
21、up， I'll give away my money to a local charity to "pass on" my good luck!（1）A answeredB cheeredC shutD questioned（2）A mealB jobC liftD wait（3）A tearfullyB safetyC slowlyD shortly（4）A gaveB leftC tookD forgot（5）A brokenB stolenC goneD robbed（6）A yetB becauseC althoughD when（7）A conditio
22、nB statementC explanationD information（8）A kept in touchB got in touchC got onD lost touch（9）A According toB Instead ofC Because ofD But for（10）A sameB differentC extraD expensive(四)I will never forget May 15, 2011. That night, my car crashed 1 a tree and everything has changed ever since.I lost mos
23、t of my right 2 ， and I was left bleeding with several broken bones. At the hospital, my body was 3 ， but my mind was still very clear. I just kept 4 myself to hold on. Life must go on since l was still 5 .Two weeks later, l was allowed to go home. 6 I left the hospital, the fight was far from over.
24、 My left leg was badly hurt in that accident as well, as a result, I had to receive different 7 during the next few years. And soon, more of my right leg had to be cut off. This made it harder to wear my artificial leg(假肢), so I donated it to another girl who couldn't 8 one. The joy of being abl
25、e to provide this gift for someone else was 9 than the happiness I felt on any day I could wear it myself.People often tell me they are 10 of me for staying strong. But in my mind, being strong has always been my only 11 . On the day I left the hospital, I made a promise to 12 to make good use of ev
26、ery day to live life to the fullest. I am not only confident but I hope to help those around me. In 2017, I 13 started modeling. My dream is that one day a little girl will see me in a magazine and say, “Wow, she only has one leg but she is beautiful 14 confidence and bravery.”My dream is simple: to
27、 15 every man, woman and child to know and believe that they are beautiful just the way they are.( )1. A. toward B. over C. upon D. into( )2. A. arm B. ear C. eye D. leg( )3. A. calm B. strong C. weak D. ill( )4. A. teaching B. telling C. leading D. advising( )5. A. alive B. lively C. live D. lovely
28、( )6. A. Since B. So C. Because D. Although( )7. A. operations B. gifts C. prizes D. thoughts( )8. A. offer B. afford C. borrow D. accept( )9. A. greater B. smaller C. less D. fewer( )10. A. afraid B. tired C. proud D. guilty( )11. A. chance B. choice C. wish D. trouble( )12. A. the doctor B. the gi
29、rl C. myself D. my friends( )13. A. often B. even C. seldom D. also( )14. A. because of B. instead of C. more than D. better than( )15. A. allow B. order C. invite D. encourage(五)"Please take my penny（便士），" said Maggie to old Man， the fisherman， who sat on a bench repairing his nets Her mo
30、ther drew her back，（1） ， "Maggie， he is not a beggar（乞丐）!" But Maggie paid no（2） "Please take it，" she said again Old Man smiled， and took it "Thank you， little miss，" he said， "It is kindly meant"After that， Maggie went to the beach to（3） shells on her own Sh
31、e never thought how fast the hours were passing until being（4） ， she sat down on a rock beside a little pool Soon she was scared by a noise near her Dan's large dog Rover jumped down from a rock， barked（5） and began to pull her coat "Rover wishes me to（6） ， I see，" she said， and she ro
32、se from the rock and wanted to go home However， that was not so easy as she had expected She found the places she had gone down very difficult to（7） ， and as the tide（潮水）had been coming in for some time She found some of the stones wet and（8） Rover jumped upon a big stone and raised his loud bark Lu
33、ckily， the fisherman heard the loud barking He got to the boat， and rowed fast to the bay（海湾）and took them safely to land!Maggie hugged the old man and said， "Thank you so much" "It was the（9） that did it， little miss，" the old man said "I saw Rover looking at you when you p
34、ut it so kindlike into my handjust as if he would have said， 'Rover will be your friend now， little girl' And I think he was（10） you all the day， for he never came near me after that"Some years later， Rover came to Maggie's home with a little note， in which was written"Will Mag
35、gie help Rover？his master is dead"（1）A screamingB shoutingC whisperingD crying（2）A priceB attentionC careD money（3）A gatherB sellC buyD watch（4）A surprisedB awfulC worriedD tired（5）A gentlyB weaklyC loudlyD happily（6）A stayBleaveC swimD run（7）A fall downB climb upC jump downD look up（8）A softB
36、hardC smoothD comfortable（9）A pennyB rockC waveD shells（10）A talking aboutB looking afterC taking pity onDcomplaining about（六） No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities that can benefit you a lot in your life. Amo
37、ng them, the following four qualities(品质) are the most 1 ones. Have a(n) 2 attitude(态度). Life is not always a bed of roses. When facing difficulties, don't lose heart. Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties? It's your attitude. Cheer up! Life is like a 3 . When you smile in fron
38、t of it, it will also smile at you. Keep learning. Maybe you are used to your present life. Every day you have so much work to do that you 4 find any time to learn. However, the world around you is 5 all the time. Never be satisfied with yourself, 6 you will fall behind others. Keep learning can hel
39、p you get 7 in the future. Be creative. In modern society, the students who have 8 thinking are needed most. Being creative means coming up with new ideas and having creative imagination. Those who are creative have more choices in their life. Be honest and keep your promise. Honesty is the best pol
40、icy(原则). 9 likes a person who tells lies. The one who keeps his word is popular everywhere. 10 you have these qualities mentioned above, you will be excellent and make a difference to the world. Albert Einstein once said, “Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.”1
41、AhelpfulBwonderfulCthankfulDbeautiful2AangryBactiveCsadDfriendly3AboardBstoneCmirrorDdoor4Acan'tBneedn'tCmustn'tDshouldn't5ApracticingBsleepingCbeginningDchanging6AandBbutCorDso7AmoneyBsuccessChealthDwealth8AcommonBclearCleverDcreative9AAnybodyBNobodyCSomebodyDEverybody10AAs soon asB
42、So farCAs forDAs long as（七） I was coming downstairs to get breakfast when the post came I was （1） for a letter from my friend Sam So I picked the letters up and looked（2） them I wasn't surprised to see that there were some bills There was an invitation to a party There wasn't a letter from S
43、am There was a postcard， showing some cliffs and sea What a nice （3） ! I turned the（4） over It wasn't easy to read Rain had made the writing（5） ， including the name of the person who had sent the postcard（6） was it from？ I tried to read any of the words I could read "Dear Tom， I'm havin
44、g a lovely time in" Then the writing became unclear I couldn't read （7） else Who had gone to the seaside？ I couldn't think of anyone! It was a mystery There was another （8） too Where was Sam's letter？ Just then the phone rang It was Sam!"I'm calling to see if you got my pos
45、tcard，" he said "We are at the seaside， not in London We （9） our minds Mum and Dad are resting after our walk So I'm ringing you I'm sorry I didn't write a letter We've been so（10） " Both mysteries were solved !（1）A askingB payingC searchingD waiting（2）A afterB forC throughD up（3）A symbolB viewC objectD position（4）A billB invitationC letterD postcard（5）A unclearB uncleanC uncomfortableD uncommon（6）A HowB WhereC WhoD When（7）A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything（8）A matterB methodC mistakeD mystery（9）A changedB keptC lostD m