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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。中考英语复习定语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练-新课标中考英语复习定语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练【考点扫描】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1定语从句的功用和结构2关系代词和关系副词的功用3各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。【名师精讲】一.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词
2、。例如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.二.关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语
3、动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：Idontlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.2.作宾语：SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.3.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：Whatsthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhos
4、efatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作状语IllneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？MrLe
5、e(whom)youwanttoseehascome.3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：Ivereadthenewspaper
6、that(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：Illneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.四.关系代词
7、whom，which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears.五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。例如：Allthathesaidistrue.(2)先行
8、词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。例如：Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.2.只能用which，不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从
9、中。例如：Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.【中考范例】1.(2004年哈尔滨中考试题)-Doestheteacherknoweverybody_plantedthetrees?-Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。2
10、.(2004年常州市中考试题)Theletter_Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。3.(2004年扬州市中考试题)-Whereisthescientist_gaveusthetalkyesterday?-HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择
11、。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。4.(2004年益阳市中考试题)Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。【满分演练】一.单项填空1.-Whoistheman_wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?-Oh!ItsMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which2.Ihatethepeople_
12、donthelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where3.Theforeigner_visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which5.Thisistheplace_Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which6.Nobodyknowsthereason_shedidntcom
13、etothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when7.Themoonisaworld_thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why8.Hehasforgottentheday_hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which9.Hestillremembersthedays_hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich10.Mr.White,_carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which11.Hegottothevillage_hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where12.Thisisthehouse_Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where-