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1、特殊句式-强调句和倒装句讲解高考英语语法总复习强调句1、强调句引入的目的：重点表述一些信息。口语中可以通过加强语调来表示强调内容，但是在书面表达中无法表达语调的加强，此时我们就需要引入强调句。2、强调句的构成：It is . that .将普通陈述句拆分放入上面句型即可，其中要强调的部分放入It is . that之间。例如：we hear the more honest argument only in recent years.本句子可以强调：we、the more honest argument、only in recent years。（1）、强调only in recent year
2、s：It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument。（2）、强调weIt is we that hear the more honest argument only in recent years.（3）、强调the more honest argumentIt is the more honest argument that we hear only in recent years.总结：强调句的构成(It is + 强调的部分 + that + 句子余下的部分)例句:It is not by chance t
3、hat the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony,.3、强调句的变化强调现在的事情：It is .强调过去的事情: It was .注意一般不强调将来，因为将来的事情未发生，不需要特别强调。that可以变化成who，注意that是万能的。who只有在强调人的时候用。写作时，我们一般不用who，而用that，但是在阅读中要知道可以用who。例句：It is the , not America, who have become anti-intellectual. it was not until the 1
4、9th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, .注意，强调句不是随便写的，形容词和动词是不能强调的。除此外，句子中其他成分均可强调。4、补充：强调句和主语从句的区别。方法一：还原法。例如： . it is the intellectuals who have rejected America.将it is . who .结构去掉，看句子是否能还原成一个完整的陈述句，如果能，那么就是强调句，反之就是主语从句。本例拆除后句子变成了：The intellectuals have rejected A
5、merica.是一个完整的陈述句，因此该句型是一个强调句。方法二、如果it is . that中间是形容词或动词，那么这个句子一定是主语从句。例如：It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems,.worrisome是一个形容词，因此该句子是一个主语从句。倒装句一、倒装的含义：将正常的句子顺序按一定规律颠倒过来就变成了倒装句。二、重点是主谓倒装。（将谓语动词提到主语前面）（一）全部倒装：将谓语动词全部放在主语前，即为全部倒装。一般情况为了强调形容词、副词、介词短语等描述的信息时，就将这
6、些词先放到句首，然后将谓语动词置于主语前面，形成倒装句。例如：On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansvile,Ind.为了强调介词短语On the bank of the Ohio River将它置于句首，突出强调位置，让后sits倒装放在主语Evansville,Ind.的前面。Implicit within Tylor's definition is the concept.为了强调Implicit within带领的词组，所以将它置于句首，将is谓语动词放在主语前面，形成倒装。Also unclear is why Micro
7、soft has gone it alone.为了强调also unclear，将其置于句首，将is谓语动词置于主语前面，形成主谓倒装。以上句子将所有的谓语动词全部置于主语前面，形成全部倒装。注意这里有个特殊的句型必须必须掌握。There be 句型：基本结构：There be + n.（表示有/客观存在）There is a girl.是一个全部倒装句，原本因该是：A girl is there.所以：1、There be是一个倒装句。2、表示客观存在，表示客观有。不表示拥有。There is a book on the table.（不能表示桌子拥有本书，只能表示桌子上有本书。）There
8、 be + n. + 介词短语（表示有XX在XX地方）There is no gap between mind and matter.There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker's allowance.but there have been controversial views about its economic,political,social and cultural implications.There may be more matches in the database.总结：there be有时态变化和情态变
9、化。请注意。（二）部分倒装：将一部分谓语动词放在主语前，即为部分倒装。部分倒装是一个难点和重点。部分倒装与陈述句变一般疑问句类似。什么时候需要部分倒装呢？1、否定副词或词组位于句首. and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.原始为：it has served。为了强调以前从来没有过：never before，将其置于句首，部分倒装为has it served。Not only did they
10、 develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system.强调Not only，然后部分倒装形成：did they develop2、only位于句首（无论加词或词组或者句子，都要部分倒装）Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.Only提前了,为了强调rece
11、ntly形容词 ，后面句子:did linguists begin部分倒装了。And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up.only over the past 30 years ,only提前，为了强调over the past 30 years 出现了部分倒装：have scholars examined 。3、虚拟条件句省略if例如：If Entergy had kept its word,that debate would be beside the point.将上面的句子中的if省略变成下面的样子：But had Entergy kept its word,that debate would be beside the point.注意：无论是全部倒装还是部分倒装主要是为了强调。我们只要能识别就OK了，最好能写出一两个倒装句就更好了。