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1、高考英语语法总复习：一般过去时和过去进行时的结构和用法一般过去时的结构和用法一、构成动词的过去式二、用法一般过去时主要表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。（一）表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态这种情况与表示过去时间的状语a moment ago、yesterday、last night、an hour ago、just now、during the night、in 2009、last year、in the Tang Dynasty等连用。例句1：Even the devil was an angel in the beginning.魔鬼最初也是天使。例句2：I a
2、m sorry I snapped at you just now.对不起，我刚才不该冲你嚷嚷。例句3：City met United in the final last year,and City won.去年决赛中，市队与联队交锋，市队获胜。例句4：It was very cold that night.Over my head was a gap in the reed matting of the roof.那天晚上很冷，我头顶上的芦苇有一个缺口。（二）叙述没有具体时间的过去动作或状态这种用法中常不带具体的过去时间状
3、语，只用动词的过去式表达。例句1：Her thoughts often reverted to Italy.她对意大利念念不忘。例句2：The guests went into rhapsodies over the food.宾客对食物交口称赞。例句3：Could you please repeat your name ? I didn't quite catch it.你能再重复一下你的姓名吗？我没听清。例句4：The flood of women into the job market boosted econ
4、omic growth and changed US society in many ways.妇女们大量涌入人才市场刺激了经济增长，也从很多方面改变了美国社会。（三）表示过去将来的动作在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。例句1：Alice said she would come if I promised to wait for her.埃利斯说如果我答应等他，她会来的。例句2：Jack told me that as soon as he arrived,he would ring me up.（四）表示过去习惯性的动作例句1：She
5、0;displayed great fixity of purpose.她目标始终如一。例句2：We often played badminton together.我们经常在一起打羽毛球。例句3：Sometimes we heatedly discussed these problems.有时我们热烈的讨论这些问题。例句4：Whenever she called on him in those years,she brought him a bottle of good wine.在那些年，每次她去拜访他，都要带给他一瓶好酒。（五）表示某种感情色彩例句1：You
6、 deserved it !你活该！（责备）例句2：He asked for it.他这是自找的。（责备）例句3：I told you that.我早就告诉过你。（责备）（六）前一会儿发生的事也要用过去时表示例句1：Colin left just now.克林刚走。例句2：Did the doorbell ring ?门铃响了吗？例句3：My passport has disappeared: it was in my pocket a moment ago.我的护照丢了，刚才还在口袋里呢。（七）在叙述性文字（如小说、故事等）中用这个
7、时态较多例子：Last night,at 10 p.m.,after my usual exhausting day,i.e. got up at 6，got S up,dressed,fed,ready for school,took DH's dog outside,managed to suck down only one cup of coffee,got the kid let to school on time,remembered to kiss the four year old before I left.和
8、平常一样，到昨晚十点，我才结束了疲惫不堪的一天：六点钟就要起床，叫醒S，给他穿衣服、喂饭，做好准备去上学，牵着DH的狗去外边溜达，然后才能勉强喝上一杯咖啡，接着得准时送幼子去上学，离开前还要吻一吻那个四岁的小家伙。（八）在日常谈话中也常用到它例句1：I didn't know you were here.我不知道你在这里。例句2：How did you find your way home ?你怎么找到回家的路的？例句3：I always thought your were a nurse.我一直以为你是护士呢。（九）已去逝者的情况或过去历史一般
9、用一般过去时表示例句1：Beethoven was a great composer.贝多芬是位伟大的作曲家。例句2：Barbados was once a British colony,but now it's independent.巴巴多斯曾是英国殖民地，现已独立。例句3：My grandfather lived a very simple life.（表示他已不在人间）注意！在口语中，一般过去时可用来代替一般现在时，使口气显得更换和，更可气：例句1：Did(Do) you want to see me ?你是想见我吗？例句2：I wond
10、ered(wonder) if you could do me a favour.不知道你可否帮我一个忙？例句3：I wanted(want) to ask if I could borrow your sports car.我想问问可否借用你的跑车。例句4：I hoped(hope) you could give me some advice.我希望你能帮我出点主意。注：在家人和熟人之间不需要用过去时代替现在时。过去进行时的结构和用法01构成Was (were)+现在分词02用法过去进行时主要用来表达过去某个时间正在进行的行为或存在的状态。（一）表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作此时句
11、中往往有表示过去的时间状语then，at that moment，at that time，at the time，this time yesterday等。有时没有时间状语，需要根据语境体会。例句1：His main preoccupation at that time was getting enough to eat.他那时盘算的是如何填饱肚子。例句2：What were you doing this time last night ?昨天晚上这个时候你在做什么？例句3：He was boosting about how bra
12、ve he was at the start,but copped out at the finish.他起初夸耀自己勇敢，到头来却打了退堂鼓。例句4：He was writing a book last year,but I don't know if he has finished it.他去年在写一本书，我不知道他是否已经完成。（二）用于描写故事情景，或提供故事发生的时间背景例句1：She was sitting at the window,watching the evening invade the avenue.Suddenly she hea
13、rd someone calling her from downstairs,and she recognized the invoice.She stood up quickly.她坐在窗前，看着暮色渐渐笼罩大街。突然她听到楼下有人叫她。她认出了这声音，迅速站了起来。例句2：The fire was burning fiercely. Children were crying. Women were running about and men were trying to put it out.大火在熊熊燃烧着。孩子在哭，妇女到处跑
14、，男人们在尽力灭火。（三）表示过去将要发生的动作表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，常表示过去“渐渐”、“快要”、“越来越”、“马上”等含义，常见的此类动词有come，go，start，begin，leave，arrive，get，become，turn等非持续性动词，偶尔有些持续性动词如do，stay，take等常表示过去“将要”。例句1：The audience was becoming restless.观众渐渐地不耐烦了。例句2：Passions were running high at the meeting.会上群情鼎沸。例句3：The sun was
15、 coming up as we left.我们离开时，太阳正在升起。（四）表示礼貌有时过去进行时并不表示过去的时间，而表达现在的客气、礼貌或不确定。此类动词主要有hope，wonder，think，expect等。例句1：I was wondering if we could see her tomorrow.不知我们明天能否见到她。例句2：I was thinking of going to see John when who should appear but John himself.我正想去看约翰，想不到他竟然来了。（五）表示某种情绪过去进行时与always，fo
16、rever，constantly等时间状语连用时，表示说话者过去对某一事情的厌烦、不耐烦、褒扬等特殊感情。例句1：She was always ringing me up when I was on business.我出差时她总是不停地给我打电话。（表示厌烦）例句2：Jim was always complaining about his busy work.吉姆总不停地抱怨自己工作繁忙。（表示不厌烦）例句3：She was always helping others when she lived here.她住在这里时总乐于帮助别人。（表示褒扬）注意！过去进行时往往表示未完成，而一般过去时往往表示完成。例句比较：1. She studied in London last year.去年她在伦敦学习。2. She was studying in London last year.I don't know if she has returned.她去年在伦敦学习，我不知道她回来了没有。