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1、2012017 7 年考研英语一真题原文与答案解析完整版年考研英语一真题原文与答案解析完整版20172017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）SectionSection I I UseUse ofof EnglishEnglishDirections:Directions:ReadRead thethe followingfollowing text.text.ChooseChoose thethe bestbest wordword(s)(s)forfor eacheach numberednumbered blankblankandand ma
2、rkmark A,A,B,B,C C oror D D onon thethe ANSWERANSWER SHEET.SHEET.(10(10 points)points)CouldCould a a hughug a a dayday keepkeep thethe doctordoctor away?away?TheThe answeranswer maymay bebe a a resoundingresounding“yes!yes!”1 1helpinghelping youyou feelfeel closeclose andand 2 2 toto peoplepeople yo
3、uyou carecare about,about,itit turnsturns outoutthatthat hugshugs cancan bringbring a a 3 3 ofof healthhealth benefitsbenefits toto youryour bodybody andand mind.mind.BelieveBelieveitit oror not,not,a a warmwarm embraceembrace mightmight eveneven helphelp youyou 4 4 gettinggetting sicksick thisthis
4、winter.winter.InIn a a recentrecent studystudy5 5 overover 400400 healthhealth adults,adults,researchersresearchers fromfrom CarnegieCarnegieMellonMellon UniversityUniversity inin PennsylvaniaPennsylvania examinedexamined thethe effectseffects ofof perceivedperceived socialsocialsupportsupport andan
5、d thethe receiptreceipt ofof hugshugs 6 6 thethe participantsparticipants susceptibilitysusceptibility totodevelopingdeveloping thethe commoncommon coldcold afterafter beingbeing 7 7 toto thethe virusvirus.People.People whowho perceivedperceivedgreatergreater socialsocial supportsupport werewere les
6、sless likelylikely toto comecome 8 8 withwith a a coldcold,and,and thetheresearchersresearchers 9 9 thatthat thethe stress-reducingstress-reducing effectseffects ofof hugginghugging 1010 aboutabout 3232 percentpercentofof thatthat beneficialbeneficial effect.effect.1111 amongamong thosethose whowho
7、gotgot a a cold,cold,thethe onesones whowho feltfeltgreatergreater socialsocial supportsupport andand receivedreceived moremore frequentfrequent hugshugs hadhad lessless severesevere 1212.“HuggingHugging protectsprotects peoplepeople whowho areare underunder stressstress fromfrom thethe 1313 riskris
8、k forfor coldscoldsthatthats s usuallyusually 1414 withwith stress,stress,”notesnotes SheldonSheldon Cohen,Cohen,a a professorprofessor ofofpsychologypsychology atat Carnegie.Carnegie.HuggingHugging“isis a a markermarker ofof intimacyintimacy andand helpshelps 1515 thethefeelingfeeling thatthat othe
9、rsothers areare therethere toto helphelp 1616 difficulty.difficulty.”SomeSome expertsexperts 1717 thethe stress-reducingstress-reducing,health-relatedhealth-related benefitsbenefits ofof hugginghuggingtoto thethe releaserelease ofof oxytocin,oxytocin,oftenoften calledcalled“thethe bondingbonding hor
10、monehormone”1818 ititpromotespromotes attachmentattachment inin relationships,relationships,includingincluding thatthat betweenbetween mothermother andand theirtheirnewbornnewborn babies.babies.OxytocinOxytocin isis mademade primarilyprimarily inin thethe centralcentral lowerlower partpart ofof thet
11、hebrainbrain,andand somesome ofof itit isis releasedreleased intointo thethe bloodstream.bloodstream.ButBut somesome ofof itit1919inin thethe brain,brain,wherewhere itit 2020 mood,mood,behaviorbehavior andand physiology.physiology.1 1AA UnlikeUnlike BB BesidesBesides CC DespiteDespite DD ThroughoutT
12、hroughout2 2AA connectedconnected BB restrictedrestricted CC equalequal DD inferiorinferior3 3AA choicechoice BB viewview CC lessonlesson DD hosthost4 4AA recallrecall BB forgetforget CC avoidavoid DD keepkeep5 5AA collectingcollecting BB involvinginvolving CC guidingguiding DD affectingaffecting6 6
13、AA ofof BB inin CC atat DD onon7 7AA devoteddevoted BB exposedexposed CC lostlost DD attractedattracted8 8AA acrossacross BB alongalong CC downdown DD outout9 9AA calculatedcalculated BB denieddenied CC doubteddoubted DD imaginedimagined1010AA servedserved BB requiredrequired CC restoredrestored DD
14、explainedexplained1111AA EvenEven BB StillStill CC RatherRather DD ThusThus1212AA defeatsdefeats BB symptomssymptoms CC teststests DD errorserrors1313AA minimizedminimized BB highlightedhighlighted CC controlledcontrolled DD increasedincreased1414AA equippedequipped BB associatedassociated CC presen
15、tedpresented DD comparedcompared1515AA assessassess BB moderatemoderate CC generategenerate DD recordrecord1616AA inin thethe faceface ofof BB inin thethe formform ofof CC inin thethe wayway ofof DD inin thethenamename ofof1717AA transfertransfer BB commitcommit CC attributeattribute DD returnreturn
16、1818AA becausebecause BB unlessunless CC thoughthough DD untiluntil1919AA emergesemerges BB vanishesvanishes CC remainsremains DD decreasesdecreases2020AA experiencesexperiences BB combinescombines CC justifiesjustifies DinfluencesDinfluences SectionSection IIII ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehen
17、sionPartPart A ADirections:Directions:ReadRead thethe followingfollowing fourfour texts.texts.AnswerAnswer thethe questionsquestions belowbelow eacheach texttext bybychoosingchoosing A,A,B,B,C C oror D.D.MarkMark youryour answersanswers onon thethe ANSWERANSWER SHEET.SHEET.(40(40 points)points)TextT
18、ext 1 1FirstFirst twotwo hourshours,nownow threethree hourshoursthisthis isis howhow farfar inin advanceadvance authoritiesauthoritiesareare recommendingrecommending peoplepeople showshow upup toto catchcatch a a domesticdomestic flightflight,atat leastleast atat somesomemajormajor U.S.U.S.airportsa
19、irports withwith increasinglyincreasingly massivemassive securitysecurity lines.lines.AmericansAmericans areare willingwilling toto toleratetolerate time-consumingtime-consuming securitysecurity proceduresprocedures ininreturnreturn forfor increasedincreased safety.safety.TheThe crashcrash ofof Egyp
20、tEgypt AirAir FlightFlight 804,which804,whichterroriststerrorists maymay havehave downeddowned overover thethe MediterraneanMediterranean SeaSea,provides,provides anotheranothertragictragic reminderreminder ofof why.why.ButBut demandingdemanding tootoo muchmuch ofof airair travelerstravelers oror pr
21、ovidingprovidingtootoo littlelittle securitysecurity inin returnreturn underminesundermines publicpublic supportsupport forfor thethe process.process.AndAnditit should:should:WastedWasted timetime isis a a dragdrag onon AmericansAmericans economiceconomic andand privateprivate lives,lives,notnot tot
22、o mentionmention infuriating.infuriating.LastLast year,year,thethe TransportationTransportation SecuritySecurity AdministrationAdministration(TSA)(TSA)foundfound inin a asecretsecret checkcheck thatthat undercoverundercover investigatorsinvestigators werewere ableable toto sneaksneak weapons-bothwea
23、pons-bothfakefake andand realrealpastpast airportairport securitysecurity nearlynearly everyevery timetime theythey triedtried.Enhanced.Enhancedsecuritysecurity measuresmeasures sincesince then,then,combinedcombined withwith a a riserise inin airlineairline traveltravel duedue totothethe improvingim
24、proving ChicagoChicagos s O OHareHare InternationalInternational.It.It isis notnot yetyet clearclear howhow muchmuchmoremore effectiveeffective airlineairline securitysecurity hashas becomebecomebutbut thethe lineslines areare obvious.obvious.PartPart ofof thethe issueissue isis thatthat thethe gove
25、rnmentgovernment diddid notnot anticipateanticipate thethe steepsteepincreaseincrease inin airlineairline traveltravel,soso thethe TSATSA isis nownow rushingrushing toto getget newnew screenersscreenersonon thethe line.line.PartPart ofof thethe issueissue isis thatthat airportsairports havehave only
26、only soso muchmuch roomroom forforscreeningscreening lanes.lanes.AnotherAnother factorfactor maymay bebe thatthat moremore peoplepeople areare tryingtrying toto overpackoverpacktheirtheir carry-oncarry-on bagsbags toto avoidavoid checked-baggagechecked-baggage fees,fees,thoughthough thethe airlinesa
27、irlinesstronglystrongly disputedispute this.this.ThereThere isis oneone stepstep thethe TSATSA couldcould taketake thatthat wouldwould notnot requirerequire remodelingremodelingairportsairports oror rushingrushing toto hire:hire:EnrollEnroll moremore peoplepeople inin thethe PreCheckPreCheck program
28、.program.PreCheckPreCheck isis supposedsupposed toto bebe a a win-winwin-win forfor travelerstravelers andand thethe TSA.TSA.PassengersPassengerswhowho passpass a a backgroundbackground checkcheck areare eligibleeligible toto useuse expeditedexpedited screeningscreening lanes.lanes.ThisThis allowsal
29、lows thethe TSATSA wantswants toto enrollenroll 2525 millionmillion peoplepeople inin PreCheck.PreCheck.ItIt hashas notnot gottengotten anywhereanywhere closeclose toto that,that,andand oneone bigbig reasonreason isis stickerstickershock.shock.PassengersPassengers mustmust paypay$85$85 everyevery fi
30、vefive yearsyears toto processprocess theirtheir backgroundbackgroundchecks.checks.SinceSince thethe beginning,beginning,thisthis priceprice tagtag hashas beenbeen PreCheckPreChecks s fatalfatal flaw.flaw.UpcomingUpcoming reformsreforms mightmight bringbring thethe priceprice toto a a moremore reaso
31、nablereasonable level.level.ButButCongressCongress shouldshould looklook intointo doingdoing soso directly,directly,byby helpinghelping toto financefinance PreCheckPreCheckenrollmentenrollment oror toto cutcut costscosts inin otherother ways.ways.TheThe TSATSA cannotcannot continuecontinue diverting
32、diverting resourcesresources intointo underusedunderused PreCheckPreCheck laneslaneswhilewhile mostmost ofof thethe travelingtraveling publicpublic sufferssuffers inin unnecessaryunnecessary lines.lines.ItIt isis longlongpastpast timetime toto makemake thethe programprogram work.work.21.21.According
33、According toto ParagraphParagraph 1,1,ParkrunParkrun has_.has_.AA gainedgained greatgreat popularitypopularityBB createdcreated manymany jobsjobsCstrengthenedCstrengthened communitycommunity tiestiesDD becomebecome anan officialofficial festivalfestival22.22.TheThe authorauthor believesbelieves that
34、that LondonLondons s OlympicOlympic“legacylegacy”hashas failedfailed toto_._.AA boostboost populationpopulation growthgrowthBB promotepromote sportsport participationparticipationCimproveCimprove thethe citycitys s imageimageDD increaseincrease sportsport hourshours inin schoolsschools23.23.ParkrunP
35、arkrun isis differentdifferent formform OlympicOlympic gamesgames inin thatthat itit _._.AA aimsaims atat discoveringdiscovering talentstalentsBB focusesfocuses onon massmass competitioncompetitionCC doesdoes notnot emphasizeemphasize elitismelitismDD doesdoes notnot attractattract first-timersfirst
36、-timers24.24.WithWith regardregard toto massmass sports,sports,thethe authorauthor holdsholds thatthat governmentsgovernmentsshould_.should_.AA organizeorganize“grassrootsgrassroots”sportssports eventseventsBB supervisesupervise locallocal sportssports associationsassociationsCC increaseincrease fun
37、dsfunds forfor sportssports clubsclubsDD investinvest inin pubicpubic sportssports facilitiesfacilities25.25.TheThe authorauthors s attitudeattitude toto whatwhat UKUK governmentsgovernments havehave toto donedone forfor sportssportsisis _._.AtolerantAtolerantBB criticalcriticalCuncertainCuncertainD
38、sympatheticDsympatheticTextText 2 2“TheThe ancientancient HawaiiansHawaiians werewere astronomers,astronomers,”wrotewrote QueenQueen Liliuokalani,Liliuokalani,HawaiiHawaiis s lastlast reigningreigning monarch,monarch,inin 1897.1897.StarStar watcherswatchers werewere amongamong thethe mostmostesteeme
39、desteemed membersmembers ofof HawaiianHawaiian society.society.Sadly,Sadly,allall isis notnot wellwell withwith astronomyastronomyinin HawaiiHawaii today.today.ProtestsProtests havehave eruptederupted overover constructionconstruction ofof thethe ThirtyThirty MeterMeterTelescope(TMT),Telescope(TMT),
40、a agiantgiantobservatoryobservatorythatthatpromisespromisestotorevolutionizerevolutionizehumanityhumanitys s viewview ofof thethe cosmos.cosmos.AtAt issueissue isis thethe TMTTMTs s plannedplanned locationlocation onon MaunaMauna Kea,Kea,a a dormantdormant volcanovolcanoworshipedworshiped byby somes
41、ome HawaiiansHawaiians asas thethe pikopiko,thatthat connectsconnects thethe HawaiianHawaiian IslandsIslandstoto thethe heavens.heavens.ButBut MaunaMauna KeaKea isis alsoalso homehome toto somesome ofof thethe worldworlds s mostmost powerfulpowerfultelescopes.telescopes.RestedRested inin thethe Paci
42、ficPacific Ocean,Ocean,MaunaMauna KeaKeas s peakpeak risesrises aboveabove thethebulkbulk ofof ourour planetplanets s densedense atmosphere,atmosphere,wherewhere conditionsconditions allowallow telescopestelescopestoto obtainobtain imagesimages ofof unsurpassedunsurpassed clarity.clarity.OppositionO
43、pposition toto telescopestelescopes onon MaunaMauna KeaKea isis nothingnothing new.new.A A smallsmall butbut vocalvocalgroupgroup ofof HawaiiansHawaiians andand environmentsenvironments havehave longlong viewedviewed theirtheir presencepresence asasdisrespectdisrespect forfor sacredsacred landland a
44、ndand a a painfulpainful reminderreminder ofof thethe occupationoccupation ofof whatwhatwaswas onceonce a a sovereignsovereign nation.nation.SomeSome blameblame forfor thethe currentcurrent controversycontroversy belongsbelongs toto astronomers.astronomers.InIn theirtheireagernesseagerness toto buil
45、dbuild biggerbigger telescopes,telescopes,theythey forgotforgot thatthat sciencescience isis thethe onlyonlywayway ofof understandingunderstanding thethe world.world.TheyThey diddid notnot alwaysalways prioritizeprioritize thethe protectionprotectionofofMaunaMaunaKeaKeas sfragilefragileecosystemseco
46、systemsororitsitsholinessholinesstotothetheislandislands sinhabitants.inhabitants.HawaiianHawaiian cultureculture isis notnot a a relicrelic ofof thethe past;past;itit isis a a livinglivingcultureculture undergoingundergoing a a renaissancerenaissance today.today.YetYet sciencescience hashas a a cul
47、turalcultural history,history,too,too,withwith rootsroots goinggoing backback toto thethedawndawn ofof civilization.civilization.TheThe samesame curiositycuriosity toto findfind whatwhat lieslies beyondbeyond thethe horizonhorizonthatthat firstfirst broughtbrought earlyearly PolynesiansPolynesians t
48、oto HawaiiHawaiis s shoresshores inspiresinspires astronomersastronomerstodaytoday toto exploreexplore thethe heavens.heavens.CallsCalls toto disassembledisassemble allall telescopestelescopes onon MaunaMaunaKeaKea oror toto banban futurefuture developmentdevelopment therethere ignoreignore thethe r
49、ealityreality thatthat astronomyastronomy andandHawaiianHawaiian cultureculture bothboth seekseek toto answeranswer bigbig questionsquestions aboutabout whowho wewe are,are,wherewherewewe comecome fromfrom andand wherewhere wewe areare going.going.PerhapsPerhaps thatthat isis whywhy wewe exploreexpl
50、ore thethe starrystarryskies,skies,asas ifif answeringanswering a a primalprimal callingcalling toto knowknow ourselvesourselves andand ourour truetrueancestralancestral homes.homes.TheThe astronomyastronomy communitycommunity isis makingmaking compromisescompromises toto changechange itsits useuse