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1、-1-20132013 高考英语二轮高考英语二轮专题专题思路点拨及思路点拨及增分增分训练训练阅读理解阅读理解 1 13 3Language learning begins with listening.Children are greatly different in theamount of listening they do before they start speaking,and later starters are oftenlong listeners.Most children will“obey”spoken instructions some time before the
2、ycan speak,though the word“obey”is hardly accurate as a description of the eagerand delighted cooperation usually shown by the child.Before they can speak,manychildren will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make
3、 to their firstspoken words leads to considerable difficulties.It is agreed that they enjoy makingnoises,and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves asparticularly expressive as delight,pain,friendliness,and so on.But since thesecant be said to show the babys intention to
4、communicate,they can hardly beregarded as early forms of language.It is agreed,too,that from about three monthsthey play with sounds for enjoyment,and that by six months they are able to add newwords to their store.This self-imitation（模仿）leads on to deliberate（有意的）imitation of sounds made or words s
5、poken to them by other people.The problem thenarises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be consideredas speech.It is a problem we need to get out teeth into.The meaning of a word depends onwhat a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that
6、what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world.Thus the use at seven months of“mama”as a greeting for his mother cannot bedismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times forhis father,his dog,or anything else he likes.Playful and mean
7、ingless imitationof what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself,I doubt,however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this abilityin an attempt to teach new sounds.51.Before children start speaking_.A.they need equal amount of listening-2-B.they
8、 need different amounts of listeningC.they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructionsD.they cant understand and obey the adults oral instructions52.Children who start speaking late _.A.may have problems with their listeningB.probably do not hear enough language spoken
9、around themC.usually pay close attention to what they hearD.often take a long time in learning to listen properly53.A babys first noises are _.A.an expression of his moods and feelingsB.an early form of languageC.a sign that he means to tell you somethingD.an imitation of the speech of adults54.The
10、problem of deciding at what point a babys imitations can be considered asspeech_.A.is important because words have different meanings for different peopleB.is not especially important because the changeover takes place graduallyC.is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words
11、 changeswith ageD.is one that should be completely ignored（忽略）because childrens use of wordsis oftenmeaningless55.The speaker implies_.A.parents can never hope to teach their children new soundsB.children no longer imitate people after they begin to speakC.children who are good at imitating learn ne
12、w words more quicklyD.even after they have learnt to speak,children still enjoy imitating5155 BDADA A-3-In 490 B.C.the Greek messenger,Pheidippides,ran about 40 kilometers fromthe town of“Marathon”toAthens to announce the victory ofAthens over Macedon.Since then,the 42kilometer“Marathon”race has bec
13、ome a great test for athletes.However,for many years,only men were allowed to runthisrace,because thedistance was said to be unbearable for women.In 1966,anAmericanwomen namedRoberta Gibb proved that idea wrong.Gibb had always enjoyed running.One day in 1964,she saw the Boston Marathonhappening as s
14、he was running in the woods.Since running meant a lot to her,she begantraining harder,hoping to join the marathon some day.Gibb finally applied to run in the 1966 Boston Marathon,but she was not givenentrance because the Boston Marathon Association considered that women were not strongenough to run
15、42kilometers.Yet,this was no obstacle to Gibb,for she knew shehad the physical and mental strength to complete the race.On the day the 1966 BostonMarathon was held,Gibb hid in the bushes and jumped into the race when it began.She finished the race in 3 hours and 21 minutes,defeating two thirds of th
16、e men inthe race and proving that women could run the marathon.Although what Gibb did was only to realize her dream,in doing so she showed theworld that women could accomplish greater things than many people believed they could.56.why were women forbidden to run the 42km marathon?A.Training was only
17、 provided for men.B.Women could not work as messengers.C.Women were believed too weak to finish it.D.It was a race held only for professional athletes57.WhatdidRoberta Gibb do to prepare herself for theBoston Marathon?A.She dressedherselfas a man.B.She trained herself harder than before.C.She found
18、a job in the Boston Marathon Association.D.She hid in the bushes,waiting for the end of the race.58.What happened to Gibb in the 1966 Boston Marathon?A.Her application wasnt accepted.B.She was asked to train harder.C.Her determination amazed people.D.She was welcome to run the race.59.According to t
19、he text,what can we learn fromRoberta Gibbs story?A.Most women ran slower than men in marathons.B.Joiningmarathons is the best way to prove ones strength.C.It takes at least two years to train to become a marathon runner.D.Women may be able to achieve greater things than theyre expected.B BUnited St
20、ates CapitolIt serves as the seat of government for the US Congress.It is localted inWashington,D.C.,ontopofCapitolHillattheeasternendoftheNationalMall.Officially,both the east and west sides of the Capitol are referred to as-4-“fronts,”Historically,however,the east front was initially the side of t
21、hebuilding intended for the arrival of visitors and famous guests.Phone:(202)225-6827Official website:www.aoc.govHours:Monday-Saturday：9:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m.International Spy MuseumIt is a privately owned museum dedicated to the fidld of espionage localed inWashington.D.C.,The museum was built by The M
22、alrite Company at a cost of US$40million.Despite being one of the few museums in Washington that charges admissionfees,it has been popular since its opening in July 2002.Phone:(202)393-7798Official website:www.spymuseum.orgHours:Monday-Sunday:9:30 a.m.-6:00 p.m.National Museum of Natural HistoryItis
23、anaturalhistorymuseumadministeredbytheSmithsonianInstitution,localed on the National Mall in Washington,D.C.,Admission is free andthe museum is open 364 days a year,The museums collertions total over 125 millionspeciments of plants,animals,fossils,minerals,rocks,meteorites（陨石），and humancultural arti
24、facts,making it the largest such museum anywhere.It is the second mostpopular of all of the Smithsonian museums and is also home to aboud 185 professionalmatural history scientists the largest group of scientists dedicated to the studyof the natural and cultural history in the world.Phone:(202)633-1
25、000Official website:www.mnh.si.eduJefferson MemorialIt is a presidential memorial in Washington,D.C.,dedicated to Thomas Jefferson,anAmerican Founding Father and the third president of the United States,The neoclassicalbuilding was designed by John Russell Pope,It was built by Philadelphia contracto
26、rJohn Mc.Shain.Construction began in 1939,the building was completed in 1942,and thebronze statue of Jefferson was added in 1947,When completed,the memorial occupiedone of the last significant sites left in the city.Phone:(202)426-6821Official wdhsite:www.mps.gov/thje60.Which admission is free?A.Uni
27、ted States CapitolB.Jefferson MemorialC.International Spy MuseumD.National Museum of Natural History61.Visitors can learn more aboutin the Jefferson Memorial.A.the thirdAmerican presidentB.the US governmentC.rock collectionsD.natural history62.Where does this text probably come from?A.A science text
28、bookB.A tourist guideC.A museum guideD.A history reportC-5-The United Nations Environment Program is calling for urgent action to reducegrowing risks from chemicals.Better management of chemicals could save millions oflives and billions of dollars.An estimated one hundred forty-three thousand chemic
29、alsare now produced.Yet only the report says only a small number of these chemicalshave been studied for their effects on human health and the environment.It says deathand disability rates are high from the unsafe use of chemical products.Sylvie Lemmet,director of the U.N.Environment Program,says po
30、or managementof chemicals has a high economic cost.For example,she says the cost is higher thanthe amount of overseas development aid,or ODA,for health care in sub-Saharan Africa.She says:If you look at the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide insub-Saharan Africa,only the injury and the loss
31、of working time is estimated to be6.3 billion U.S.dollars in 2009.This is higher than the total ODA that is goingto the health sector in the same area.The Program estimates that chemical sales worldwide will increase by around threepercent a year until 2050.Chemical production is moving quickly from
32、 developed todeveloping countries.By 2020,chemical production is expected to increase by 40percent in Africa and the Middle East and 33 percent in Latin America.One of itsbiggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticides and fertilizer.Othermajor concerns are heavy-metal pollution from
33、 the production of cement and textiles,and dioxin pollution from mining.The U.N.report urges the chemical industry and governments to work together todevelop safety policies.It says preventing harm costs less than fixing it.63.The purpose of Paragraph 3 is mainly to indicate that _.A.The use of pest
34、icide is wasteful.B.Africa needs more development aid.C.Chemicals have a high production cost.D.Estimated cost of chemicals is inaccurate.64.Which of the following is NOT a source of danger according to the text?A.Pesticides.B.Fertilizer.C.Heavy-metal.D.Mineral.65.According to the text what is the m
35、ain reason for chemicals risks?A.Poor management of chemicals.B.Lack of research funds on chemicals.C.The mass production of cement and textilesD.Contradiction between chemical producers and governments.66.What would be the best title for the text?A.The truth in Sylvie Lemmets comments.B.A UN warnin
36、g about chemical dangers.C.The unpredictable future of chemical industry.D.Preventing:much better than curing.D DAngry Birds is a video game developed by Finnish computer game developer RovioMohile.Inspired primarily by a sketch of stylized wingless birds,the game was firstreleased for Apples mobile
37、 operating system in December 2009.Since then,over 12million copies of the game have been purchased from Apples App Store.-6-With its fast-growing popularity worldwide,the game and its characters-angrybirds and their enemy pigs-have appeared in televion programs throughout theworld.THE Israeli comed
38、y A Wonderful country,one of the nations most popular TVprograms,satirized(讽 刺)recent failed Israeli-Palestinian peace attempts byfeaturing the Angry Birds in peace negotintions with the pigs.Clips of the segment(片段)went viral,getting viewers from all around the world.American television hostsConan
39、OBrien,Jon Steward,and Daniel Tosh have referenced the game in comedysketches for their programs,Conan,The Daily Show,and Dash.O.Some of the gamesmore famous fans include Prime Minister David Cameron of UK,who plays the iPad versionof the game,and author Salman Rushdie,who is believed to be“somethin
40、g of a masterat Angry Birds.”Angry Birds and its characters have also been featured in advertisements indifferent forms.In March2011,the characters beganappearingin aseriesofadvertisements for Microsofts Bing search engine.In the same year,Nokin producedan advertisement in Austin,Texas that included
41、 the games characters on a downtownbuilding for its new mobile phone.Later,a T-Mobile advertisement filmed in Spainincluded a real-life mock-up(实物模拟)of thegame in a city center.Nokin alsoused the game in Malaysia to promote an attempt to set a world record for the largestnumber of people playing a s
42、ingle mobile game.Angry Birds has even inspired works of philosophical analogy（哲学类比）.Afive-part essay with the title”Angry Birds Yoga（瑜伽）”-How to Eliminate theGreenPigs in Your Life”was written by Giridhari Dasar in Brazil,utilizing thecharactersandgameplaymechanicstointerpretvariousconceptsofyogaph
43、ilosophy.The piece attracted much media attention for its unique method ofphilosophical presentation.67.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To explain how the video game Angry Birds was devised.B.To investigated why Angry Birds has quickly become well-liked.C.To introduce Angry Birds characters in
44、TV programs and advertisements.D.To report on the spread of Angry Birds in different media around the world.68.Which of the following is closed in meaning to the word“viral“in Paragraph2?A.apparentB.popularC.excitingD.disgusting69.According to the text,Which of the following persons is good at playi
45、ng AngryBirds?A.Salman BushdieB.Conan OBrienC.Giridhari DasarD.Daniel Tosh70.Which of the following is TRUE about the use of Angry Birds according to the text?A.It has been used by UK Prime Minister to expain political issues.B.Its characters are used in advertisements mainly for Apples products.C.It has been developed into a film about the life of a Brazilian yoga master.D.Its real-life mock-up has appeared in an advertisement for mobile phones.参考答案56-59 CBAD60-62DAB63-66ADAB67-70DBAD-7-